Abstract: A method and an apparatus (1) are used to detect the position of the edge (2) of a moving product web (3). The apparatus (1) has piezoelectric elements (5), which firstly output ultrasonic pulses (10) and secondly pick them up and convert them into an electrical signal. The product web (3) is arranged between the piezoelectric elements (5) and a reflector (11) for this purpose. If the product web (3) is located in the measurement range of the piezoelectric element (5), it attenuates the ultrasonic pulses as a result of reflection or absorption during the double passage of the latter. The position of the product web edge (2) is calculated from this attenuation.

Abstract: A device for detecting the marginal edge or a marking of a material web. The device contains an optical sensor and two light sources associated with the optical sensor. The first light source emits directed light beams and aims such beams at the material web. The first light source is formed by a plurality of light-emitting diodes, arranged such that the light reflected by the material web in a diffused manner cannot be detected by the optical sensor. A second light source is also associated with the optical sensor. The second light source contains a diffuser disk. The diffuser disk generates diffused light that is emitted in all three-dimensional directions. When the second light source is active, the condition of reflection is satisfied so that it is possible to scan the material web having mirror-like reflection.

Abstract: A device serves for optically scanning a moving material web. The device is formed by a CCD camera comprising a lens and a CCD receiving element, which is provided with photodiodes. So as to be able to exactly adjust the area of the material web scanned by means of the device, the CCD receiving element can be adjusted transversely in relation to the optical axis of the lens. For adjusting the CCD receiving element, a template with a structure is provided. This structure is detected by the photodiodes, and the signals emitted by the photodiodes act on a controlling device. The controlling device adjusts the CCD receiving element so that it is aligned with the structure of the template.

Abstract: A device for detecting the marginal edge or a marking of a material web. The device contains an optical sensor and two light sources associated with the optical sensor. The first light source emits directed light beams and aims such beams at the material web. The first light source is formed by a plurality of light-emitting diodes, arranged such that the light reflected by the material web in a diffused manner cannot be detected by the optical sensor. A second light source is also associated with the optical sensor. The second light source contains a diffuser disk. The diffuser disk generates diffused light that is emitted in all three-dimensional directions. When the second light source is active, the condition of reflection is satisfied so that it is possible to scan the material web having mirror-like reflection.

Abstract: A rotary frame pivotably supported on a rack and swiveling around a swivel axis. The frame supports at least one reversing roll for moving the material web. A pivot bearing in the form of an antifriction bearing is cut as a segment so that the material web can run close to the swivel axis.

Abstract: A device for spreading, compressing or guiding a running material web formed by a rotatably supported roll. The roll has a number of slats distributed over its circumference which can be displaced transversely to the direction of the web. The slats are actively connected with control devices that cause a longitudinal displacement of the slats. Alternating slats are actively connected to different control devices. Half of the slats have an adhesive surface and the other half has a sliding surface.

Abstract: A device (5) for swinging a roll (4) for a moving web (15) consists of a shaft (6) extending through the roll (4), with provision made for gearings (7, 8) on the ends of said shaft. A servo-drive (10) engages the gearing (7), putting the shaft (6) into rotation and displacing its end (9). Gearing (8) on the counter end (12) of the roll (4) translates the rotary motion of the shaft (6) into a motion of thrust of the counter end (12) in the opposite sense, so that shaft (6) is swiveled by the single servo-drive (10) around its central point (13). Roll (4) is rotatably supported on shaft (6) and is jointly swiveled with the latter (FIG. 1).

Abstract: An edge sensor working on ultrasonic principles is used to protect the edge of a travelling web and has a plurality of sensor units with adjacent or overlapping ultrasonic measurement fields between the transmitter and receiver of each unit. The units are switched so that only one unit serves to output a receiver signal when the edge crosses over into the respective measurement field.

Abstract: A method and a device for compensating and equalizing the tension forces across the width of a moving web makes use of a tension compensation roll, which is pivotably supported, and rotatable around a pivotal axis. In the presence of a difference in the tension force across the width of the moving web, the tension compensation roll is pivoted via gears with teeth to an extent such that the tension forces in both halves of the web are equalized.

Abstract: A device for smoothing out a running material web having a marginal edge and a downstream direction of travel. At least two driven, threaded spindles engage the marginal edge of the material web. A web-guiding body is located upstream of the first spindle in the downstream direction. The web-guiding body has a guiding segment which extends beyond the free end of the spindle and is located between the web and a plane which intersects the spindle axis and extends parallel to the web. A rounded segment connects the guiding segment to a leading segment, which is spaced from the web by more than a radius of the threaded spindle. Alternatively, the web-guiding body includes several surfaces which surround a majority of the spindles on a side opposite the material web.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for guiding and keeping a material web spread out uses a spreading roll and with contact pressure elements and a control member controlled by a control system monitors the control path in a way such that the spacing of the contact pressure elements from the spreading roll is varied. Because of the advantages that the control path has in the present case, a rapid and stable control of the position of the material web is assured. This is advantageous especially in connection with highly sensitive material webs such as, for example, wide-meshed textile webs.

Abstract: For guiding webs of paper or cardboard, a guide cylinder extending across half of the web grips onto the surface of the web and achieves moving corrections on the webs by rotation or swinging. The long, linear support zone of the guide cylinder causes a high mechanical stress, whereby the guide cylinder exerts almost no corrective effect in its center zone. By dividing the guide cylinder into at least two spaced-apart, parallel guide rolls having their axes disposed perpendicular to the running direction of the material web, a suitable larger effective area is obtained for correction of the direction of movement.

Abstract: An process for controlling the force exerted on a moving web of material, including a batten roller having an adjustable drive and a fixing roller having a pressure sensor. An amplifier is coupled between the pressure sensor and the adjustable drive. A web pulling device pulls the web in a downstream direction across the batten roller and the fixing roller. The pressure sensor generates a first signal representing the tensile force on the web as it passes the fixing roller. The first signal is amplified to provide a control signal to the drive for adjusting the speed of the batten roll.

Abstract: A device for reading code lines on a moving carrier in which the lines extend transverse to the direction of movement. The reading head extends across the web and has a row of sensors subdivided into groups. The sensors of each group have a length equal to the maximum length of the coding traces and the total row has a substantially greater length so that the sensors are subdivided along the row into groups. The signals from sensors of preceding groups in a direction of signal flow along the row are summed e.g. at operational amplifiers before being summed with the corresponding sensor outputs of subsequent groups.

Abstract: A profiled rod for a web-spreading roller has an elongated basic body of approximately C-shaped cross section with holding legs on both sides and with a friction-grip elastic support on its back. The support is fastened to an intermediate support made of stiffer material than the support itself and the intermediate support is pushed lengthwise onto the basic body and detachably fastened to its back and holding legs with a clamping claw.

Abstract: An edge sensor for a moving web of material includes an elongated light source on which is mounted a receiver containing an active receiver element made of a plastics material with light-absorbing properties. The receiver element comprises an elongated light input surface and at least one light exist on which a light detector is provided. The receiver element is an elongated hollow body made of a light-absorbing plastics material which is supported directly in the receiver in such a way that is light input surface is directly exposed to the light from the light source which falls on the web. A hollow body which is, or can be made, self-supporting directly and without accessories results in a simpler structure and optimal use of light. The hollow body is particularly suitable for use in the tube supports of a standard commercial fluorescent tube housing.

Abstract: A roll changer for delivering a web of material has, for edge-aligned connection of the trailing end of a delivered web with the leading end of the web from a new roll, in addition to the web edge-sensor controlling the position of the delivery roll during such delivery, a roll sensor responsive to the position of the edge of the outermost turn of the new roll, adjusting the axial position of the new roll. The sensors are switched to the respective controllers upon rotation of the roll turret to deliver a new roll to the waiting position.

Abstract: A process and device for determining the location of at least one edge of a moving web within a measurement zone and in which a linear array of liquid crystal light modulators is interposed between a light source and a light receiver extending transversely to the edge along a scanning zone while a controller successively activates the light modulators to scan a transparent surface zone along the measurement zone. The point at which light is last received (because of obstruction by the edge) or the first received in a pass (because of lack of obstruction by the edge) at the receiver from the source through the scanning transparent zone is used as the measure of the location of the edge.

Abstract: An apparatus for guiding and spreading a textile web comprising spreading rollers extending across the full width of the web and mounted on a unit in the support for the spreading rollers, pairs of fingerlike guide rollers which can be inclined toward one another in the direction of travel of the web. The holders and the two pairs of guide rollers can be moved together and apart by a threaded spindle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of guiding a web of paper or foil material in a web-guiding device, such web having print marks applied to it at least over stretches of the web, as well as to such a web-guiding device with a correcting device, the latter being adjustable when the center of the web runs off course and with a controlling system connected to an edge-sensing system, whereby the position of the print marks relative to an imaginary guide line is controllable over stretches of the web carrying print marks, and additional correction relating to the latter can be made, if required. According to the invention, print marks signals are produced by means of a print mark sensor and linked with the correction signals of the edge-sensing system, with priority of the print mark signals.