Abstract: A cultivator is equipped with detachable harrows or detachable packers. When the cultivator is used for direct seeding, narrow openers cut through the earth, and seed pneumatically transported from an air seeder, is placed immediately behind the openers. Thereafter a series of packers, mounted to the rear of the cultivator, pack the seed. Spring tensioned support arms support the packers or harrows. Through various adjustments, these support arms can generate packing pressures from 0.5 psi to 3.5 psi, depending upon soil conditions. The same implement with the narrow openers and packers removed can be equipped with sweeps and mounted harrows to act as a general soil preparation device. When the harrows are mounted for field operation the adjustable spring tensioned support arms are adjusted to relax downward pressure. The unit as a whole, therefore, serves as a seeding or general tillage device, saving the operator extensive capital costs in farm machinery.

Abstract: The linkage mechanism between the front and the rear wheels of a farming implement includes a front and a rear arm the free ends of which suspend the respective wheels. Each arm has a transverse bracket near its other end. The bracket defines, at its free end, a pivot joint of a normally generally horizontal connecting rod whose other end is similarly connected to the bracket of the other arm. Each arm is mounted in a respective bearing for swinging about a point to raise or to lower the frame of the implement. The three pivot points associated with each arm define a respective linkage triangle. The geometry of the linkage triangles is developed from a reference triangle, divided by a median into two triangles of which one corresponds to one of the linkage triangles and the other corresponds to or is similar to the other one of said linkage triangles. The invention facilitates the designing of the linkage.