Abstract: A roll paper towel dispenser having stations for primary and reserve rolls of paper toweling. Provision is made for automatic transfer of feed of the paper toweling from the primary roll and then from the reserve roll, the transfer mechanism being operative under the influence of decrease or termination in the tension of the web running from the primary roll to the feed mechanism. Provision is also made for convenient shifting of the roll from the reserve roll station to the primary roll station without the necessity of rethreading the paper web through the feed mechanism.

Abstract: A pulp slurry including pulp made from recycled waste paper is formed into tissue paper in a paper-making machine having an improved calender stack preceded by a conventional drying and creping section. Drying may be completed on a Yankee dryer or the drying may be partial on the Yankee and completed on so-called afterdryers. One or more rolls in the calender stack are cooled to about 90.degree. F by passing liquid coolant therethrough to keep the paper at a temperature below the melting temperature of thermoplastic contaminants in the recycled waste paper so that the contaminants pass through the calender roll in a hardened, nonsticky or less sticky condition. The cooled calender roll is kept dry by an air shower. A continuous doctor on the cooled roll removes any contaminants that adhere to the roll.

Abstract: A paper making apparatus and process of the type wherein the paper is processed from a starting condition of a slurry of pulp fiber to a later condition of a continuous self-sustaining paper sheet. The paper is carried continuously along a preselected path of travel extending from the starting condition to the later condition and for processing the paper as it is being carried. The path of travel normally includes a plurality of pairs of contacting members, including a forming wire and a pick-up felt, a pick-up felt and a bottom felt, and a pick-up felt and Yankee dryer, such contacting members processing the paper. The paper is passed through each nip defined by each of the contacting members and continues along its desired path of travel. Air pressure is applied on the discharge side or outgoing side of one or more of the nips defined between the sets of contacting members.