Abstract: A centering and chucking system for fixing an interchangeable element to a carrier body. The carrier body is provided with guide elements whose guide surfaces are arranged along a coordinate system through the center of which extends the reference axis, e.g. the axis of a spindle. Due to the arrangement of two centering means along one axis of the coordinate system and of at least another centering means along the other axis, the reference axes of both parts are not displaced relative to each other by changes of temperature. Although the centering means are provided outside the reference axis, the system in said reference axis is determined by them.

Abstract: The tool changer comprises a plurality of gripper hands (29) adapted to be moved laterally to the flange (31) of a tool (13). The gripper hand is provided with a locking means (39) which is unlocked by a connecting link guide (49) when the gripper hand is at the tool holding fixture (12). Said locking means (39) supports locking elements (48) protecting the flange (31) at the gripper hand from being extracted. Due to a wrench (51), the shaft (30) of the tool (13) is released and locked inside the tool holding fixture (12). By a driving means, the holder carrying the gripper hands (29) is movable relative to a block displaceable transversly to the axis of the tool holding fixture (12) so that it may be moved in parallel to the axis of the tool holding fixture (12) while the wrench (51) is in engagement with the locking screw (35). Therefore, it is possible to perform a complete tool interchange without the need of disengaging wrench (51) and locking screw (35).

Abstract: The machine tool comprises a vertical post (14) on which a head changer (19) is mounted for changing the tool head (17) provided at a head carrier (16). The head changer (19) is rotatable about a vertical axis. It carries at least one head gripper (22) which is adapted to grip from the top the tool head (17) and to rotate it from a front working position to a rear changing position. The post (14) being nonrotational (about any axis) and preferably unadjustable in height (the Y axis), is simple and low cost. The machine tool is readily adaptable to sophisticated design modifications, particularly including tool exchange in plural multi-tool tool heads and interchange with tool and/or tool head storage magazines.

Abstract: In view of the production of saw blades, a continuous sheet metal strip first runs through a hardening surface. Subsequently, the teeth are ground by a grinder. Thereafter, the sheet metal strip is passed through a grinder comprising two parallel grinding wheels to process by the grinding wheel end sides the sides of the sheet metal strip. The outer ends of the laterally projecting teeth are worked by another grinder. After such a treatment of the sheet metal strips, saw blades are formed by cutting off individual length sections.