Abstract: Two phase-shifted quadrature signals are formed from a reception signal modulated by frequency-shift keying. Instant values of one of the quadrature signals are taken at the instant when the other quadrature signal passes through zero and vice-versa. The readout values obtained during an interval of one data bit are alternatingly inverted in their polarity or left unchanged, so that a sequence of readout values of adapted polarity is formed. The values are algebraically added in an added during each of the bit intervals. The sign of the resultant sum determines the evaluated value of the received information symbol `0` or `1` and the amount of the sum is a measure of the quality of the evaluation.

Abstract: Before or during their solidification in a matrix, the radioactive ion exchange resin particles, which can be anion and/or cation resins, treated with an additive, which has inorganic or organic anions or cations or organically anion active or cation active components and is chosen in such a manner that the treatment has the effect to reduce the swelling behavior of the resin particles and preferably produces a permanent shrinkage of the resin particles. This change of the resin particles can also be attained or supported by a thermal treatment.A matrix contains ion exchange resin particles which are treated in such a manner shows an improved water resistance which, contrary to the current state of the art, will also remain assured when the matrix is dried and then again stored in water. In addition, it is possible to accommodate a larger amount of treated resin particles in a volume, as compared to untreated resin particles.

Abstract: A measuring tube is inserted into a bore hole for measuring underground fluid pressure and is sealed against the bore hole wall for limiting the areas or regions in which the pressure measurement is to occur. A measuring cell is inserted into the measuring tube wall in each of these areas or regions and includes a mobile pressure sensing element against which acts the pressure of the medium surrounding the measuring tube. An end of the pressure sensing element projects into the inner space of the measuring tube and, for measurement, a measuring wheel of a measuring probe is brought into position underneath the end of the pressure sensing element such that the latter is moved radially outwards against the pressure exerted on it. The force which thus acts on the measuring wheel is determined by a measuring device for measuring the pressure. The medium to be measured does not enter or leak into the measuring tube since the measuring cell is sealingly inserted into the measuring tube.

Abstract: A tubular sheath for particulate nuclear fuel has microporous retaining elements formed by winding metal strip about a central pin and pushing the resulting spiral into the sheath ends. The metal strip has transverse grooves formed by a photo-etching process which form axial gas passages narrow enough to prevent passage of fuel particles. Suitable materials for the strip include molybdenum and tungsten. A stainless steel strip can be used if a molybdenum or tungsten disc is placed between it and the fuel.

Abstract: Heat gelable droplets of a suitable liquid feed material are dielectrically heated to the gelling temperature by exposure to microwave radiation during free fall through a heating zone. The gelled microspheres thus produced are caught and collected in a washing liquid. The microwave radiation is provided through the use of a hollow cavity resonator. A vertical tube which is transparent to microwaves extends through the resonator to delimit the processing zone for the free falling droplets. Frequency control means and a reflected radiation measuring device are associated with the resonator and radiation generation means so that the operation of the system may be closely controlled.