Abstract: A light-emitting device, including a substrate; a LED element formed over the substrate including a transparent or semi-transparent electrode, a reflective electrode, and one or more layers, at least one of which is light-emitting, formed between the transparent or semi-transparent electrode and reflective electrode, the transparent or semi-transparent electrode and reflective electrode defining a single, controllable light-emitting area, wherein the LED element emits light into a waveguide defined by the transparent or semi-transparent electrode, reflective electrode, and the one or more layers; and one or more first topographical features and one or more second topographical features different from the first topographical features formed over the substrate within the single, controllable light-emitting area, wherein the first and second topographical features disrupt the waveguiding of light within the single, controllable light-emitting area to increase the emission of light in at least one direction.

Abstract: In order to maintain a high visual image quality and save power, a display device includes: R sub-pixels, G sub-pixels, B sub-pixels, and W sub-pixels; and a human detection sensor (12) for detecting whether or not a person is present within a predetermined range. A use rate of the W sub-pixels is changed depending on whether or not a person is present within the predetermined range.

Abstract: [Problem to be solved] To achieve low power consumption. [Solution] The driving transistor T1 supplies driving current from the power supply VDD to the organic EL elements OLED. The source end of the driving transistor T1 connected to one end of the said organic EL elements OLED, the other end of the organic EL elements OLED is connected to the power supply potential Vss, and the mutual conductance per display unit area of the said organic EL elements of the said driving transistor is equal to or higher than 1×10?11 (A/V2/m2).

Abstract: Compensation is performed for initial nonuniformity or aging of drive transistors and electroluminescent (EL) emitters in 3T1C EL subpixels of an EL display, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. A readout transistor connected to the EL emitter is used to readout the voltage of the emitter and compensation for ?Vth, ?VEL, and OLED efficiency loss is performed using a model. Measurements are taken during a frame by driving a target subpixel at a higher luminance for a shorter time, then using the remaining time in the frame to measure. Measurements can be taken with an A/D converter or with a ramp generator and comparator. Compensation is performed for each subpixel individually.

Abstract: Compensate for the variations of threshold voltage of a driving transistor. During the period of the reference signal voltage Vref being set to the signal line DTC, voltage between the gate and source of the driving transistor IOC is made equal to or greater than the threshold voltage of the driving transistor IOC, and the difference in voltage of the reference signal voltage Vref and the reference power supply voltage VreCr is charged to the retentive capacitance IOB. At the same time, the voltage of the source of the said driving transistor IOC is set to the reference power supply voltage VreCr to make the voltage applied to the said light emitting elements equal to or lower than its threshold voltage. Subsequently, while maintaining the voltage applied to the said light emitting elements IOE equal to or lower than its threshold voltage.

Abstract: An electroluminescent (EL) device including an illumination area having one or more primary EL emitters; a reference area having a reference EL emitter; a reference driver circuit for causing the reference EL emitter to emit light while the EL device is active; a sensor for detecting light emitted by the reference EL emitter; and a measurement unit for detecting an aging-related electrical parameter of the reference EL emitter while it is emitting light. The device further includes a controller for receiving an input signal for each primary EL emitter in the illumination area, forming a corrected input signal from each input signal using the detected light and the aging-related electrical parameter, and applying the corrected input signals to the respective primary EL emitters in the illumination area.

Abstract: Nonuniformity in an organic EL display device is effectively detected. All display pixels of an organic EL panel are turned on and the display is photographed with a digital camera. A computer performs image processing of the photographed image to detect an area in which unevenness exists. Then, a V-I curve of each pixel in the area is measured to calculate necessary correction values. The calculated correction values are stored in a memory for use in correcting a signal input to the organic EL panel.

Abstract: An OLED device comprises a cathode, an anode, and has therebetween a light-emitting layer containing a phosphorescent emitter that emits yellow, orange or red light; a tertiary arylamine compound as a first host material, and a gallium complex with only nitrogen bidentate ligands as a second host material. Desirably, the phosphorescent emitter is an iridium complex.

Abstract: To alleviate an afterimage phenomenon caused by a hysteresis characteristic of a drive transistor. Current driven type light emitting elements 3 are provided for each of pixels 6 that are arranged in a matrix shape, and current of the light emitting elements 3 is controlled using drive TFTs 2 that operate by receiving data voltage on a gate. At least two power supply voltages (PVDDa, PVDDb) for supply to each pixel are provided, one being set to a voltage such that current corresponding to a data voltage flows in the drive TFT 2, the other being set to a voltage beyond a variation range of data voltage and that reverse biases the drive TFT 2, and the two power supply voltages are switched and supplied to each pixel 6.

Abstract: [Problem to be solved] Obtain a constitution for a data driver which does not easily affected by transistor characteristics. [Solution] A plurality of coupling capacitances 7 is connected to data enable lines which is equipped to at least two set potentials. A plurality of bit transistors 6 which is turned on and off in accordance with the display data of a plurality of bits controls the relation of connection between a plurality of coupling capacitances and data enable lines to control the total capacitance of the said plurality of coupling capacitances. Display element operates in accordance with the voltage accumulated to the total capacitance of the said coupling capacitance according to the difference between the two set potentials equipped to the data enable line. By the operations above, a display is controlled by multi-bit display data per each pixel.

Abstract: A method of aligning an OLED substrate with a shadow mask includes forming a shadow mask with at least three spaced alignment openings, providing a precision alignment element into each of the alignment openings, and positioning the OLED substrate so that the edges of the OLED substrate engage the precision alignment elements and thereby align the shadow mask with the OLED substrate.

Abstract: A tiled display apparatus includes at least five functionally identical transparent partially-overlapped display tiles arranged in two dimensions, each display tile including pixels arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the display tiles being disposed so that light emitted by pixels located beneath a neighboring display tile at the edge of the pixel array passes through the neighboring display tile.

Abstract: A method of compensating for differences in characteristics of a plurality of electroluminescent (EL) subpixels having readout transistors, includes providing a first voltage source connected through a first switch to each subpixel's drive transistor and a second voltage source connected through a second switch to each subpixel's EL emitter; providing a current source connected through a third switch, and a current sink connected through a fourth switch, to the readout transistor; providing a test voltage to a subpixel; closing only the first and fourth switches and measuring the readout transistor voltage to provide a first signal representative of characteristics of the drive transistor; closing only the second and third switches and measuring the voltage to provide a second signal representative of characteristics of the EL emitter; repeating for each subpixel; and using the first and second signals for each subpixel to compensate for differences in characteristics of the EL subpixels.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to an organic EL panel comprising a panel driving circuit for converting R?G?B?W data into driving signals which is supplied to a pixel circuit. At a RGB?R?G?B?W converting section, the bit width of input RGB data is greater than the bit width of converted R?G?B?W, and the characteristic curve of the amount of luminescent of W sub pixel for the input data of W in the said panel driving circuit is different from the R?G?B? curve normalized at a luminance ratio necessary for a reproduction of white color with sub pixels of RGB. An appropriate process is carried out by the RGB?R?G?B?W converting section in accordance with the curve of input data from the panel driving circuit verses amount of luminescent to minimize an error which may be generated when a conversion is made.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to convert input RGB data to R?G?B?W data without suffering loss of gradations of the input RGB data. A display panel 12 is configured having unit pixels made up of subpixels of RGBW (red, green, blue, white). In an RGB?R?G?B?W conversion section 10, conversion is carried out under conditions that usage rate of W is less than 100%, and a bit width of input RGB data us larger than a bit width of R?G?B?W data after conversion. In the RGB?R?G?B?W conversion section 10, R1G1B1 values and W values are determined so that an absolute value of a sum of values obtained by multiplying differences between respective RGB data input and respective RGB components in R?G?B?W data after conversion by a weight, becomes minimum.

Abstract: There is provided a display device in which disadvantageous effects due to unnecessary operations of an image lag alleviating function are minimized. In a display device of active matrix type, for each of the pixels arranged in a matrix, a current-driven emissive element is provided, and the current of the emissive element is controlled using a drive TFT so as to perform display. While a black display period during which an opposite bias voltage is applied between the gate electrode and the source electrode of the drive TFT is inserted in order to alleviate image lag, this insertion is performed only when a predetermined condition is satisfied, and is performed for a certain duration according to a command by a microcomputer (10).

Abstract: Noise on a current to be measured is removed. Horizontal power supply lines (PVDD) are arranged in a horizontal direction and supply a current to pixels in respective corresponding horizontal lines. A switch (8) connects a group of the horizontal power supply lines (PVDD) to a first power supply line (PVDDa) or a second power supply line (PVDDb) disposed outside a pixel region in a switchable manner. Only the horizontal power supply lines (PVDD) in a group to which a pixel to be measured belongs are supplied with power from the second power supply line (PVDDb) so as to measure a current of each pixel in the group, and a current flowing into a power source (PVDDa) connected to a group to which other pixels than the pixel to be measured belong is measured, to thereby calculate a pixel current based on a difference between the two measured currents.

Abstract: A white-light-emitting tandem OLED device having spaced anode and cathode including: first and second light-emitting units disposed between the anode and cathode; an intermediate connector including an n-type layer and a p-type layer disposed between the first and second light-emitting units; and a fluoranthene-containing electron-transporting layer adjacent to the n-type layer of the intermediate connector and including at least 25% of a 7,10-diaryl-substituted fluoranthene compound having no aromatic rings annulated to the fluoranthene nucleus.

Abstract: A display device, including a substrate; a first layer having an array of row electrodes formed in rows across the substrate in a first direction and a second layer having an array of column electrodes formed in columns across the substrate in a second direction different from the first direction wherein the row and column electrodes overlap to form pixel locations; one or more layers of light-emitting material formed between the row and column electrodes to form a two-dimensional array of pixels, the pixels being located in the pixel locations; and a plurality of row driver chiplets and a separate plurality of column driver chiplets distributed relative to the two-dimensional array of pixels, each row driver chiplet exclusively connected to and controlling an independent set of row electrodes and each column driver chiplet exclusively connected to and controlling an independent set of column electrodes.

Abstract: A color filter having a filter layer comprising a fluorinated phthalocyanine pigment and at least one second pigment. In one embodiment, the second pigment has a maximum absorption at a wavelength from 400 to 500 nm to create a green color filter.