Abstract: To provide a high-purity xylooligosaccharide composition while preventing the formation of UV-absorbing substances and coloring matters. A high-pure xylooligosaccharide composition containing reduced UV-absorbing substances and reduced coloring matters and a method of producing the same which comprises alkali-treating or pressure- and heat-treating a plant material such as wood, corn cob, cotton seed hull, bagasse or rice straw, further enzymatically treating the same, and purifying the crude saccharide solution containing the residues thus obtained, wherein the solution is concentrated and then optionally subjected to desalting and active carbon-treatment. According to the method of the invention, the saccharified solution is concentrated followed by the desalting and active-carbon treating so that a high-purity xylooligosaccharide composition can be produced while preventing the formation of UV-absorbing substances and coloring matters.

Abstract: A hepatic disturbance improver which reduces fat in hepatocytes which includes an oligosaccharide of formula (1), (2) or (3), obtainable by hydrolyzing porphyran contained in seaweed of the genus Porphyra. The hepatic disturbance improver is advantageous, in that it reduces fat in hepatocytes without causing side effects.

Abstract: A microorganism belonging to the genus Flavobacterium posessing the capacity to decompose hydrocarbons, tolerance to sulfurous acids, tolerance to salinity, tolerance to organic solvents, and tolerance to pressure. The microorganism is of a strain of the genus Flavobacterium DS-711 (FERM BP-4010). A hydrocarbon emulsifier or solubilizer having as an active component thereof a water soluble and acetone insoluble fraction obtained by culturing DS-711 strain. In addition the emulsifier or solubilizer obtained by culturing the strain DS-711 contains 18.4% protein, 18.8% carbohydrates and 28.6% lipids.

Abstract: A microorganism belonging to the genus Flavobacterium possessing the capacity to decompose hydrocarbons, tolerance to sulfurous acids, tolerance to salinity, tolerance to organic solvents, and tolerance to pressure. The microorganism is a strain of the genus Flavobacterium DS-711 (FERM BP-4010).

Abstract: Disclosed is water-soluble composition made by subjecting pentacyclic triterpene compound belonging to amylin group such as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and hederagenin to inclusion in cyclodextrins. Though the aforementioned pentacyclic triterpene compound has various pharmacological functions, it has suffered a disadvantage such that it is insoluble in water. However, by subjecting the compound to inclusion in cyclodextrins, the water-soluble composition can be made with maintaining the pharmacological functions, and applied for foods, drinks, toothpaste, gargle and chewing gum, exhibiting the effect of cariostatic.

Abstract: A yeast strain with high power to produce alcohol by fermentation is produced by a method comprising directly conjugating the haploid of the strain No. 909-1 with each tetrad of the ascospores of the strain No. 180 by spore-to-cell mating, acclimating the resultant zygote in the medium of waste after alcohol fermentation, and acclimating the surviving cells of the zygote in the medium of the beet molasses containing 2-deoxyglucose. The yeast strain produced is designated as Strain M-9 (FERM BP 1481) of genus Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Alcohol is produced by culturing the Strain M-9 in a medium of beet molasses.

Abstract: A liquid starch solution suitable for saccharification into a maltose-containing product is obtained by suspending starch in water, adding to the starch suspension a heat resistant .alpha.-amylase and a buffer, adjusting the resultant mixture to a pH value in the range of from 7.5 to 8.0, and thermally treating the resultant starch milk while repressing possible hydrolysis of starch molecules.

Abstract: Method and furnace for the incineration of combustible material and the generation of hot gas, the furnace comprising a lower chamber provided with an inlet for air and an inlet for combustible material and an upper chamber provided with an inlet for air and a stack which chambers are communicated with each other inside the furnace, and the method comprising blowing air and combustible material into the lower chamber of the furnace in a direction tangential to the wall of the lower chamber and blowing air into the upper chamber of the furnace in a direction tangential to the wall of the upper chamber for thereby generating hot gas in the upper chamber.

Abstract: Method and furnace for the incineration of combustible material and the generation of hot gas, the furnace comprising a lower chamber provided with an inlet for air and an inlet for combustible material and an upper chamber provided with an inlet for air and a stack which chambers are communicated with each other inside the furnace, and the method comprising blowing air and combustible material into the lower chamber of the furnace in a direction tangential to the wall of the lower chamber and blowing air into the upper chamber of the furnace in a direction tangential to the wall of the upper chamber for thereby generating hot gas in the upper chamber.

Abstract: A novel compound, 2-(N,N-dimethyamino) indan-1,3-dione, is useful as an ultraviolet absorbent and is produced from salicylaldehyde, betaine and acetic anhydride.

Abstract: From a maltose solution of a purity of 75 to 90%, a high-purity maltose solution having a maltose purity of more than 98.5% is obtained in a high yield by preparatorily treating activated carbon with the aqueous solution of an organic solvent, adding the same organic solvent to the maltose solution under treatment until the concentration of the organic solvent equals that in the aqueous solution used for the treatment of the activated carbon, and subsequently bringing the resultant solution into contact with the activated carbon for thereby allowing the activated carbon to adsorb selectively out of the solution only the saccharides such as maltotriose and maltotetraose which are composed of three or more glucoses.

Abstract: Air is blown into a combustion furnace via an inlet disposed in the upper section of the furnace and the incoming air is made to flow in a fixed spirally descending path along the inner wall of the furnace proper. Material subjected to combustion is carried by the flow of air to the layer of burning material at the bottom of the furance by previously deposited combustible material, there to be burnt. By virtue of the action of the current of air, the combustion gas from the combustion is vigorously whirled upwardly in the same rotational direction as that of the air current in the annular region defined by the fixed path of the spirally descending air current. This ascending current of air is enclosed within the annular region defined by the descending current.

Abstract: Beet juice is purified, then concentrated and treated in several steps for boiling and centrifugal separation to effect recovery of sucrose therefrom. The molasses remaining after the separation of sucrose from massecuite is treated with .alpha.-galactosidase to effect hydrolysis of raffinose present in the molasses. The resultant raffinose hydrolyzate is introduced into a calcium saccharate-forming step, wherein quicklime is continuously added to the hydrolyzate to form saccharate within the hydrolyzate. From the calcium saccharate-forming step, nearly the same volume of the saccharate-containing solution as that of the raffinose hydrolyzate fed therein is forwarded to a filtering and washing step. The resultant saccharate cake is sent back to the step for purification.

Abstract: A method for the recovery of refined .alpha.-galactosidase is disclosed. This method comprises the steps of bringing an .alpha.-galactosidase-containing liquid into contact with a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin in the presence of a buffer solution for thereby allowing .alpha.-galactosidase to be selectively adsorbed by said resin, desorbing the adsorbed .alpha.-galactosidase from said resin by use of a buffer solution of a type such that at least one of the two factors, concentration and pH, has a higher value than that of the buffer solution used in said adsorption and thereafter recovering the desorbed .alpha.-galactosidase.

Abstract: When novel mold strains belonging to genus Absidia are cultured in an inducer-containing medium of the type ordinarily used for the culture of .alpha.-galactosidase producing molds, notably high .alpha.-galactosidase activity is produced and absolutely no invertase activity is produced in the mycelia. By treating beet molasses or beet juice with these mycelia, the yield of sucrose can easily be enhanced, since raffinose which is a substance impeding the crystallization of sucrose is effectively decomposed and sucrose is allowed to remain intact.