Abstract: A control apparatus for a hydraulically operated vehicular transmission having a plurality of hydraulic engaging elements has an accumulator which is connected in parallel with a hydraulic engaging element for a low-speed transmission train and a back pressure generating source which generates a hydraulic oil pressure to be supplied to a back pressure chamber of the accumulator. The control apparatus includes a changeover valve which can be changed over between a first position in which the back pressure chamber of the accumulator and the back pressure generating source are brought into communication with each other and a second position in which the communication is cut off to lower a pressure in the back pressure chamber. The changeover valve is arranged to be changed over from the second position to the first position when a hydraulic oil pressure in the hydraulic engaging element for the low-speed transmission train has exceeded a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling an intake air throttle valve capable of obtaining the certain drive for the change in the load applied to the throttle valve due to the change in the intake air amount in the transient period, without any increase in current consumption and reduction in responsiveness. The apparatus includes a throttle valve for controlling an intake air amount in the internal combustion engine; a motor for electrically controlling the throttle valve; and a drive circuit for controlling the drive torque of the motor. It further includes a throttle valve opening defining device for defining a parameter indicating the opening of the throttle valve; a comparing device for comparing the value of the parameter defined by the throttle valve opening defining device; and a torque increasing device for increasing the output torque by the drive circuit when the comparing device judges that the value of the parameter is larger than the specified value.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a vehicle body for automobiles in which at a welding step, a vehicle body and plate-like parts to be mounted onto the vehicle body, such as a bonnet, a trunk lid, fenders and doors, are separately fabricated, and at a painting step, they are separately passed through the same painting step, or separately passed through stages excluding a topcoating and a final drying, following which they are separately subjected to the same topcoating and final drying treatments. At an assembling step, the plate-like parts which have been subjected to fitting-out are assembled onto the vehicle body after completion of fitting-out or replenishment of grease and oils for the vehicle body.

Abstract: An invertor-controlled generator unit is connectible with at least one other generator for parallel operation. The invertor-controlled generator has an invertor circuit which performs switching operation to convert a direct current power into an alternating current power based on a reference sinusoidal signal. Voltage and current of the alternating current power from the invertor circuit are detected. A difference in phase between the detected voltage and current is detected, and a signal indicative of the phase difference is formed. A reference pulse signal is formed in response to the signal indicative of the phase difference for varying the frequency of the signal indicative of the target output waveform in a manner such that the phase difference is decreased.

Abstract: The lower mold which forms the external side of the vehicle wheel is water-cooled by water-cooling pipes. The rib-forming portions of the upper mold which forms the internal side of the vehicle wheel are forcibly air-cooled by the air passages provided along the rib-forming portions. Since water-cooling has better cooling capacity than air-cooling, the molten material inside the cavity between the lower mold and the upper mold is solidified from the external side thereof, and no defects such as shrinkage cavities occur on the external side thereof. When the internal side is solidified, the rib portions are solidified not much later than the other portion of the internal side, thereby shortening the casting cycle time. The split molds which form the cavity for forming therein the rim portion of the vehicle wheel are opened earlier than the upper mold, at the time when the surface layer portion of the molten material in the cavity has been solidified.

Abstract: A device for stabilizing the attitude of an automobile having an automobile body and lefthand and right-hand road wheels which are rotatably supported on the automobile body, includes cylinder means independently disposed between the road wheels and the automobile body and having respective fluid chambers, the cylinder means being operable depending on fluid pressures in the fluid chambers, a communication pipe mechanism connectable for bringing the fluid chambers of the cylinder means into fluid communication with each other, valve means disposed in the communication pipe mechanism, for pressurizing a fluid in the communication pipe mechanism and controlling the direction of flow of the fluid in the communication pipe mechanism, detecting means including at least an automobile speed sensor for detecting the speed of travel of the automobile and a steering reactive force sensor for detecting a steering reactive force, and control means responsive to detected signals from the detecting means responsive to dete

Abstract: An apparatus for assembling workpieces in which an assembling work is performed includes a workpiece setting jig, a setting station including a workpiece setting apparatus for setting a first workpiece on the workpiece setting jig, an assembling station including an assembling unit for assembling a second workpiece with the first workpiece on the workpiece setting jig, a welding station including a welding unit for welding the first and the second workpieces together, a discharging station including a discharging unit for taking the welded workpieces out of the workpiece setting jig, a charging station provided in a position which faces the setting station as seen in the direction of sending and withdrawing the workpiece setting jig. The charging station, the assembling station, the welding station and the discharging station being arranged in a circular form.

Abstract: An engine for an outboard engine assembly includes a cylinder block with at least one horizontal cylinder defined therein, an oil pan disposed downwardly of the cylinder block, a cylinder head coupled to the cylinder block, and a head cover coupled to the cylinder head. The engine assembly also includes a valve operating mechanism chamber defined jointly between the cylinder head and the head cover, a lubricating oil supply passageway for supplying lubricating oil from the oil pan to at least the valve operating mechanism chamber, and a lubricating oil return passageway for returning lubricating oil from at least the valve operating mechanism chamber to the oil pan. The lubricating oil return passageway has openings for introducing lubricating oil from the valve operating mechanism chamber. The openings are defined in inner surfaces, respectively, of the cylinder head and the head cover which face a bottom of the valve operating mechanism chamber.

Abstract: A restriction flange formed integrally on one end of each cylindrical holder in a sliding universal joint abuts the bottom surface of the respective transmitting groove to prevent inclination of the holder relative to a center axis of the outer member of the joint.

Abstract: A lawn mower includes a cutter blade rotatably disposed in a cutter housing, for cutting grass, a discharge fan rotatably disposed in the cutter housing upwardly of the cutter blade, for discharging grass clippings cut off by the cutter blade, a power source disposed outside of the cutter housing, and a speed reducer mechanism disposed outside of the cutter housing upwardly of the discharge fan, for transmitting mechanical power from the power source at a reduced speed to the discharge fan to rotate the discharge fan at a speed lower than the speed at which the cutter blade rotates. The cutter blade comprises a flat member and lies substantially horizontally.

Abstract: A method for controlling a stepless automatic transmission of a vehicle and an apparatus therefore automatically control the transmission ratio according to the change with respect to time of a throttle aperture and a driving condition of the vehicle. A change with respect to time of the throttle aperture is taken into account in determining the objective engine speed and the transmission ratio.

Abstract: A control device in a mower in which an engine output is transmitted to a cutter blade through a coupling of a clutch for performing mowing. A blade engagement switch is provided for sending a drive signal for engaging the cutter blade. A first control device receives the signal and electrically increases a degree of opening of a throttle valve of the engine. A second control device is provided for electrially performing coupling and decoupling of the clutch. A first timer circuit actuates the first control device a predetermined period upon closure of the blade engagement switch. A second timer circuit actuates the second control device to provide coupling of the clutch at a predetermined timing within the predetermined period after closure of the blade engagement switch.

Abstract: A vehicle engine, particularly adapted for motorcycle application, includes a housing structure in which the cylinder block, the crankcase and the transmission case are integrally formed and openings are provided in separate, angularly displaced walls of the housing for accessing the crankcase and transmission case respectively to permit the crankshaft and the transmission to be independently installed or demounted with respect to each other. Also, the detachable cover for closing one of the side openings of the housing is formed as a stopper for preventing axial disengagement of the starter apparatus ring gear from the crankcase.

Abstract: An oil reservoir structure for an engine having an oil reservoir chamber attached to the lower end of the cylinder block of the engine. A volume body having a predetermined volume is located in the space defined between the crankshaft of the engine and the normal oil level in the oil reservoir chamber. The volume body becomes submerged upon tilting of the oil level, such as in vehicle turning, acceleration, deceleration or on inclines, to displace a volume of oil to raise the oil level and maintain the oil level above the oil strainer inlet leading to the oil pump. The volume body may be fixedly mounted or disposed on the oil level and vertically movable in response to a change in the oil level.

Abstract: A valve operating mechanism for an internal combustion engine wherein a plurality of rotatable cams have different cam profiles for operating an intake or exhaust valve differently in high and low speed ranges of the engine. A plurality of rocker arms are selectively connected or disconnected for transmitting the appropriate cam lift to the valve depending on the engine speed range. The cam profiles have dampening areas at the start of opening and the finish of closing of the valve. The dampening areas of the high speed cam have a smaller rate of change than the dampening areas of the low speed cam to minimize the possibility of engagement by a rocker arm with a cam for one speed while the engine is operating at another speed by another cam and rocker arm.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a composite panel capable of shock absorption comprising applying a bonding agent with an added cross-linking agent on a surface of a foam member to form a primer treatment surface thereon and applying to a surface of a laminating member the same or a similar bonding agent with added cross-linking agent. The treated surfaces of the foam member and laminating member are then placed into contact with one another and the two members are bonded together while heating the same and applying pressure thereto.

Abstract: A combustion chamber system of a kerosine internal combustion engine including a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber both of which are defined in a cylinder head and are spaced from each other by a partition. A plurality of communication holes through which these main and auxiliary combustion chambers communicate with each other are made in the partition. The main combustion chamber has a suction port and an exhaust port opened thereto which are adapted to be opened and closed by a suction valve and an exhaust valve, respectively. The open ends of the communication holes on the side of the main combustion chamber are pointed to the upper surface of a piston located in the vicinity of a top dead center thereof, and a mixture of a theoretical or richer fuel ratio is fed into the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: This invention discloses an engine rotation sensor which can generate angle- and timing-pulses from one sensor. The ratio of the intervals between these pulses generated by the rotation sensor is determined. The crank angle pulses and the timing pulses are discriminated depending on whether this ratio is less than or equal to a predetermined value, or not. The injection of fuel of each injector is controlled by a pulse which is discriminated as a timing pulse.