Abstract: The present disclosure relates to processing a substrate including at least one sheet of paper, cardboard or carton by directing a jet stream of liquid nitrogen to a surface of the substrate via a jet nozzle; and by moving the jet nozzle at a distance from the surface. The jet stream can be unmodulated or modulated. For example, the jet stream can be modulated by a modulation unit such as to reduce the impact of the jet stream on the surface. In this way, the jet stream can be applied to score folding lines into the substrate. An unmodulated or on/off modulated jet stream can be applied to cut lines into the substrate. Thus, by applying an appropriate modulation to the jet stream, the processing can switch between cutting the substrate and scoring folding lines into the substrate.

Abstract: Devices and methods to process substrates are disclosed. The proposed devices comprise contact and non-contact processing modules and a controller. The controller identifies straight and curved lines to be processed on the substrate and displaces the contact processing modules relative to the substrate to process the straight lines and the non-contact processing modules relative to the substrate to process the curved lines.

Abstract: In an example implementation, a substrate coating system includes a resist printing device to print resist fluid onto a selected area of a substrate surface. The system includes an analog coating device to apply coating fluid onto the entire substrate surface, wherein the resist fluid resists application of the coating fluid on the selected area of the substrate surface.

Abstract: In an example, a printer ink dryer unit comprises at least one ultraviolet light source to dry a printer ink layer by causing evaporation of a solvent fluid therefrom.

Abstract: In an example, a printer ink dryer unit comprises at least one ultraviolet light source to dry a printer ink layer by causing evaporation of a solvent fluid therefrom.

Abstract: In one example, a media support includes a platen and multiple suction cups in the platen. Each suction cup in the platen has a port through which air may be evacuated from the cup.

Abstract: In one example, a media support includes a sheet of elongated suction cups. In another example, a media support includes an arrangement of elongated and/or circular suction cups in which the density of the suction cups varies between different parts of the support.

Abstract: A printing method comprises advancing a media to be printed towards a printing unit of a printing device by means of a media advance unit, detecting a position of the media relative to the printing unit, and providing a corresponding position sensor signal, and activating the printing unit to print on a predetermined portion of the media in accordance with the position sensor signal and a timing signal provided by a clock unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to processing a substrate including at least one sheet of paper, cardboard or carton by directing a jet stream of liquid nitrogen to a surface of the substrate via a jet nozzle; and by moving the jet nozzle at a distance from the surface. The jet stream can be unmodulated or modulated. For example, the jet stream can be modulated by a modulation unit such as to reduce the impact of the jet stream on the surface. In this way, the jet stream can be applied to score folding lines into the substrate. An unmodulated or on/off modulated jet stream can be applied to cut lines into the substrate. Thus, by applying an appropriate modulation to the jet stream, the processing can switch between cutting the substrate and scoring folding lines into the substrate.

Abstract: Certain examples described herein relate to printing systems and methods of operating the same. In an example of a printing system, a nozzle diagnostic mechanism obtains information relating to a condition of a first nozzle set of a print head following a first period of an established printing operation, and a nozzle compensator receives information relating to the condition of the first nozzle set from the nozzle diagnostic mechanism. Based on the received information, the nozzle compensator then causes a second nozzle set of the print head to be operated in place of the first nozzle set of the print head during a second period of the established printing operation. In an example of a method of operating a printing system, status information that relates to a condition of a first nozzle set of a print head is determined during a print production operation.

Abstract: A photo-curable ink composition including an acrylic polymer or copolymer, a vinyl ester component, a multifunctional monomer, a photoinitiator and a pigment. Also disclosed herein is a method for forming a printed article and an ink-jet ink printing system using said photo-curable ink composition.

Abstract: In one example, halftone data comprising first data and second data representing a plurality of pixels in a halftone is generated. The first data associates a first subset of the plurality of pixels in the halftone with a first colorant, the first subset defining a first region in the halftone. The second data associates a second subset of the plurality of pixels in the halftone with a second colorant different from the first colorant, the second subset defining a second region in the halftone. The first subset of the plurality of pixels in the halftone and the second subset of the plurality of pixels in the halftone are mutually exclusive, and the first region is at least partially enclosed by the second region.

Abstract: In one example, a first subset of a plurality of pixels in a halftone is determined to be associated with a first colorant. A second subset of the plurality of pixels in the halftone is determined to be associated with a second colorant, the second colorant being different from the first colorant. Pixel data associating a pixel in the plurality of pixels in the halftone with the first colorant and not the second colorant is generated when the pixel is included in the first subset and the second subset. Pixel data associating the pixel in the plurality of pixels in the halftone with the second colorant and not the first colorant is generated when the pixel is included in the second subset and not the first subset.

Abstract: In an example, a halftone screen is generated. A plurality of amplitude-modulated dot clusters is arranged in correspondence with a grid. Each of the amplitude-modulated dot clusters comprises a plurality of frequency-modulated dots.

Abstract: A mill base composition includes a compound comprising a divinyl ester of a dicarboxylic acid, a dispersing agent, and a pigment. The divinyl ester of the carboxylic acid includes from 2 to about 8 carbon atoms. The mill base composition is subjected to milling with milling beads to produce a milled mill base composition that functions as a pigment concentrate that may be added to an ink vehicle to form an ink composition suitable for use in inkjet ink devices. The milled mill base composition is particularly suited for UV curable ink compositions. A UV curable ink composition includes the pigment concentrate, one or more UV curable monomers, and one or more UV initiators.

Abstract: In certain examples described herein, a depositing mechanism performs an overcoat depositing operation. The depositing mechanism comprises a plurality of print head arrays. Each print head array is arrangeable in a deposit position to deposit an overcoat layer onto a substrate and a service position to enable servicing to be performed. In certain cases, an array controller causes at least one print head array of the plurality of print head arrays to be moved periodically from the deposit position to the service position according to a predefined servicing sequence during an ongoing overcoat depositing operation performed by the depositing mechanism.

Abstract: In one example, a pallet conveyor for a printing system is described, having a track, a pallet to support a print substrate and move on the track, and a vacuum mechanism to selectively apply a vacuum at the pallet. A boundary of the vacuum applied at the pallet is synchronised with an edge of the print substrate.

Abstract: An example heating apparatus comprises a light emitting diode (LED) array comprising at least one LED to heat a target object. The heating apparatus further comprises a heatsink thermally coupled to the LED array to dissipate heat from the LED array. The heatsink comprises a refrigerant path including an input to and an output from the refrigerant path to pass cooled refrigerant therethrough.

Abstract: According to one example of the present invention there is provided a method of printing, with a printer, an image on a substrate, the printer comprising a substrate support. The method comprises obtaining an image to be printed, determining an offset position of a substrate positioned on the substrate support relative to a predetermined reference printing position, and controlling the printer to print the image to be printed at the determined offset position.

Abstract: A LED illumination source may include one or a plurality of LED illumination modules, each LED illumination module comprising a plurality of LED clusters, wherein each LED cluster comprises a LED array which is rotated by an angle of rotation with respect to an axis which is parallel to a predefined direction of sweep.