Abstract: A valvulotome for disrupting vein valves in in-situ procedures, and for distrupting the vein valves in vein segments to be used in CABG procedures. The valvulotome includes an elongate blade mounting member and a thin, scythe-shaped cutting blade. The cutting blade is mounted relative to the blade mounting member such that the plane defined by the blade lies on the axis defined by the blade mounting member. The cutting blade has a fixed end, a free end, a cutting edge and a blunt back edge. The fixed end is fixedly attached to a distal portion of the blade mounting member. The sharpened edge faces towards the blade mounting member, which protects the vein from the sharpened edge. The sharpened edge arcs outwards and proximally from the distal portion of the blade mounting member, and terminates in a proximal portion, spaced from the blade mounting member. The blunt back edge is opposite the sharpened edge, facing the vein.

Abstract: An improved valvulotome structure characterized by an elongate flexible shaft having proximal and distal ends and a cylindrical cutting member externally mounted around said shaft for axial movement, relative to said distal end, between a retracted and an extended position.

Abstract: An endoscope having a deflectable tip configured so as to have a small outer diameter of approximately 0.15 inch or less. The endoscope includes a flexible shaft subassembly comprised of a conduit having a deflectable end segment at its distal end which can be controlled by a manually operable mechanism on a handle subassembly. The shaft subassembly further includes a cone subassembly at its proximal end including means for structurally connecting to the handle subassembly. Illumination fibers, an imaging fiber, a pull wire and a working channel extend through the shaft subassembly from its distal end to terminals in the cone subassembly for interfacing to the handle subassembly.