Abstract: In order to determine the positions in space of certain points on the surface of a body, a laser beam is trained upon a selected punctiform area of that surface and two sets of reflected light rays, traveling along divergent paths, are intercepted and focused by one or two objectives upon one or two receiving surfaces to form a pair of image points thereon. The receiving surface or surfaces may be part of a television camera. The location of each image point with respect to a reference point is numerically coded for utilization in a calculator which mathematically determines the desired position.

Abstract: Apparatus for the analysis of the operation of components using binary signals, such as computer components, each of the components being associated with a counter, which can either count and display the number of times the component has been activated during a given time period, or count the time length of those activations. Reset means are provided at the end of the period. The mean value of those numbers can be computed and displayed.