Abstract: A process and apparatus for spreading a multiple filament tow by passing the tow through a series of rotating discs having asymmetrical rollers mounted thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems, compositions, and methods for three-dimensional (3D) printing. An example system includes a plurality dispensers configured to deposit materials from their tips and a printing surface for receiving the materials. The system includes a position sensing detector configured to detect positions of the tips of the dispensers and the location and dimensions of the printing surface. The system includes a robotic positioning device configured to drive the dispensers. The system also includes a control unit configured to receive and map in a 3D space the positions of the tips of the dispensers and the position and dimensions of the printing surface. The control unit is further configured to control the robotic positioning device to drive the dispensers relative to the printing surface in the 3D space, and to independently deposit materials on the printing surface, or on material deposited on the printing surface.

Abstract: To provide a method and device with which Alternate Twisted Yarn can be produced simply and inexpensively. An Alternate Twisted Yarn is produced by alternately repeating with a neutral and tilt switching method and twisting yarn 1 in the reverse direction on both sides of pulley 2 driven by yarn 1 that is inserted between the flanges of pulley 2, so that the yarn passage is bent or flexed. Shaft 3 of this pulley 2 is inclined to the yarn 1 yarn passage plane to bring yarn 1 into contact with the flange section 2a's internal surface of pulley 2, and in the neutral position under which yarn 1 is not twisted on both sides of pulley 2, with shaft 3 of pulley 2 being made perpendicular to the yarn 1 yarn passage plane to cut off its contact to the pulley 2 flange section 2a's internal surface.