Abstract: A method for contacting large volumes of gas and liquid together on a microscopic scale for mass transfer or transport processes wherein the contact between liquid and gas occurs at the interfaces of a multitude of gas bubbles. Multiple porous tubes assembled in a bundle inside a pressure vessel terminate at each end in a tube sheet. A thin film helical liquid flow is introduced into the inside of each porous tube around and along its inside wall. Gas is sparged into the porous media and the liquid film so that an annular two phase flow with a uniform distribution of tiny gas bubbles results. The gas flow is segregated from the liquid flow without first passing through the porous media and through the liquid film. Nozzles at the lower end of the tubes divert liquid flow to a vessel and redirect the gas flow in a countercurrent direction.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for transporting, storing and dispensing highly viscous material requiring dispensing pressures greater than 15 psig incorporates one or more cylindrical ASME pressure vessels having first and second ends, a product inlet and product dispensing valve at the first end, a bi-directional pipeline pig slidably disposed in the vessel in fluid sealing relation, a gas supply valve and a first gas vent valve connected with the second end, and a second gas vent valve connected with the vessel for venting gas from the vessel during a filling operation. The vessels are filled by venting gas from behind the pig and introducing viscous material into the vessel through the product inlet valve to move the pig toward the second end, and the viscous material is dispensed by introducing gas under pressure behind the pig at a pressure greater than 15 psig to move it toward the vessel first end to force the viscous material in the vessel through the product dispensing valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for contacting large volumes of gas and liquid together on a microscope scale for mass transfer or transport processes wherein the contact between liquid and gas occurs at the interfaces of a multitude of gas bubbles. Multiple porous tubes assembled in a bundle inside a pressure vessel terminate at each end in a tube sheet. A thin film helical liquid flow is introduced into the inside of each porous tube around and along its inside wall. Gas is sparged into the porous media and the liquid film so that an annular two phase flow with a uniform distribution of tiny gas bubbles results. The gas flow is segregated from the liquid flow without first passing through the porous media and through the liquid film. Nozzles at the lower end of the tubes divert liquid flow to a vessel and redirect the gas flow in a countercurrent direction.