Abstract: H and L logic signals are written in a memory in a ratio between the numbers of the H and L logic signals corresponding to the magnitude of an analog signal. The memory is cyclically read out and the output therefrom is smoothed by a smoothing circuit to provide an analog output.

Abstract: A tubular body is closed at both ends by first and second plate-like members, respectively and a transducer for converting a deflection into an electric signal is provided between the first and second plate-like members. A through hole is made in at least one of the plate-like members and, on the outside of the plate-like member, a pressure receiving member is disposed. A pressure received by the pressure receiving member is transmitted to the transducer to deflect its moving part. When an overpressure larger than a measuring pressure is applied to the pressure receiving member to deflect it in excess of a predetermined value, the deflection is limited by one of the plate-like members to define a space between the plate-like member and the transducer, thereby to prevent the transducer from being affected by the overpressure received by the plate-like member.

Abstract: A device for inscribing additional informations on microfilms of a construction, wherein informations already recorded on microfilms are projected on an image screen by means of an enlarging and projecting device, additional informations to be entered on this microfilm are written in on the projected enlarged information images on the screen by a pen through guide means which moves on the projected image on the screen, the additional informations thus written-in on an appropriate portion on the projected image on the screen are reduced by a scale reducing means interlinked with the guide means and which reduces the movement of the guide means, and the thus reduced additional informations are then inscribed on the microfilm by means of write-in needle attached to the scale-reducing means.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously collecting small-amount samples from a stream in response to the flow rate of the stream. The apparatus includes piston cylinder means which can receive a sample of the volume proportional to the measured flow rate and subsequently discharge the collected sample into sample collecting or storing means. The piston cylinder means comprises a piston member and a cylinder member. During the sample collecting cycle, the piston member moves by a distance corresponding to the measured flow rate during a constant period of time. This piston moving distance defines the amount of the sample to be collected. During the subsequent sample discharging operation, the piston is quickly returned and the collected sample is discharged. These cycles are automatically repeated.