Abstract: The specification discloses an improved railway car truck providing increased dampening for high volume rail cars by the use of bolster pocket wear plates in combination with five different types of springs in the spring baskets of the railway car trucks. The five different types of springs include either a single outer coil, or inner and outer coaxial coils, with the outer coils being of different lengths to provide multiple effective spring rates action which place the critical frequency of the car trucks at two different speeds, rather than a single speed, and makes the amplitude of resonance occurring at the critical frequency much smaller than would otherwise occur, to prevent the car truck from resonating in such a way as to rock the rail car excessively. These types of spring arrangements also prevent excessive vertical bouncing of railway cars.

Abstract: There is disclosed a cross corrugated fiberboard having at least one layer of corrugations running in a longitudinal direction. A method and apparatus for making such a cross corrugated fiberboard is disclosed which first produces a single-wall corrugated fiberboard having a transversely corrugated fiberboard member glued between upper and lower facings which are offset from each other. The intermediate product is cut into pieces of a length equal to the desired width of the finished product, and these pieces are glued together seriatim with their corrugations in a longintudinal direction by the use of the offset portions of the facings. Additional layers of transversely corrugated single-faced or other type corrugated fiberboard may be built up on the longitudinally corrugated layer to make many continuous cross corrugated fiberboard products.