Abstract: An object with a tactile outer layer includes, for example, a ball having an outer surface and a series of protrusions or spikes on the outer surface. The protrusion each appear as a tear-dropped shape mass that includes a base having a relatively flat bottom adhered to the outer surface of the ball and a narrow tip and/or curved tail extending away from the outer surface. Manufacturing can be performed by mounting the object and utilizing injection arms that deposit elastomer globules on the object. The globules are deposited by pressure through a reservoir in the injection arm and the injection arms are then withdrawn to product the tail shape.

Abstract: A spiked ball includes an inflatable ball having an outer surface and a series of protrusions on the outer surface. The protrusion each appear as a tear-dropped shape mass that includes a base having a relatively flat bottom adhered to the outer surface and a narrow tip extending away from the outer surface. The narrow tip may also appear as a curved tale. The spikes provide a unique tactile feel and a surface for gripping that is different than other balls. The spikes also cause the ball to contact or “grab” the ground to create a unique bounce.

Abstract: A play and/or exercise hoop includes an inner wall having a top edge and a bottom edge and an outer wall having a top edge and a bottom edge. A bottom edge of the outer wall is attached to the bottom edge of the inner wall to define a bottom edge of the hoop. A rounded top-portion is attached to the top edge of the inner wall and a top edge of the outer wall. The hoop may have an iridescent film or transparent film bonded to its outer surfaces. The inner wall and outer walls are angled relative to a central axis of the hoop thereby defining a V-shaped bottom edge. The inner and outer walls may be flat or may have a slight curve relative to the top portion thereby defining a tear-dropped shape.