Abstract: A neuron circuit and an operating method thereof are disclosed. The neuron circuit may include an input unit to which an input pulse is applied, a bipolar memristor configured to have one end connected to one end of the input unit, a first capacitor configured to be connected between the one end of the bipolar memristor and a ground, a first diode configured to have an anode connected to the one end of the bipolar component, a second capacitor configured to have one end connected to a cathode of the first diode, a first switch configured to be connected between the one end of the second capacitor and the ground, and a second switch configured to be connected between the anode of the first diode and the other end of the second capacitor.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method, device and recording medium based sed on multiple compression levels disclosure may include extracting a region of interest for machine vision from an input image, determining a compression level of the region of interest, and encoding the compression level of the region of interest.

Abstract: An object-based image encoding/decoding method and device of the present disclosure may include an image partition step which partitions an image to obtain a first object region, a region scaling step which scales the first object region based on a scaling factor of the first object region to obtain a second objection region, a region merging step which merges the second object region with at least one of an object region different from the second object region or a non-object region to obtain a merged image, and an image reconstruction step which reconstructs the merged image.

Abstract: Proposed are a method of preparing a metal nanostructure, which includes (a) preparing a first metal template whose surface is coated with a polymeric micelle containing an amphiphilic polymer and (b) causing the first metal template to react with a second metal ion through a galvanic replacement reaction, and a metal nanostructure prepared thereby. The amphiphilic polymer is used as a capping agent during the replacement reaction so that the micellar polymer is adsorbed onto the template, thereby selectively allowing the replacement reaction. Thus, unlike in existing technologies in which nanostructures having limited forms are prepared, nanostructures having a new two-dimensional structure, including nanostructures having a plurality of pores formed between nanoparticles, can be prepared.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide multilayered multiple quantum dot-doped nanoparticles, each of the multiple quantum dot-doped nanoparticles has a structure consisting of an inorganic core particle, a quantum dot-embedded layer, and a silica/quantum dot composite shell. The multiple quantum dot-doped nanoparticles can be used to detect biomolecules with improved quantum yield (QY) and brightness while maintaining a large area covered by the quantum dots and stable bonds of the quantum dots. Therefore, the multiple quantum dot-doped nanoparticles are suitable for bioapplications, including bioplatforms and highly sensitive methods for detecting biomolecules.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for measuring changes in the vital signs of poultry and a method for predicting whether poultry is infected with pathogens using the same. The present disclosure can be helpfully used to determine an overall health condition including the outbreak of various poultry diseases by measuring quantitative changes in vital signs of poultry in real time. In particular, the present disclosure provides reliable real-time information about changes in vital signs through comparison of body temperature and noise measurement values of poultry for each time period reflecting circadian changes of the poultry, rather than simple comparison of the body temperature and noise measurement values with simple reference values, and thus can be used for early diagnosis of highly infectious pathogens such as avian influenza virus and early isolation of confirmed cases, and ultimately for effective prevention of the spread of diseases.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for estimating a vehicle pitch relative to a road. The apparatus includes a wheel speed sensor part which obtains wheel speed data, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor part which obtains IMU data, a preprocessing part which extracts a stop section and a moving section on the basis of the wheel speed data and the IMU data, and a slope estimation part which estimates a vehicle pitch in the stop section and a road slope in the moving section and estimates a vehicle pitch relative to a road on the basis of the vehicle pitch and the road slope.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for producing mesenchymal stem cells from pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells prepared by the method. The present disclosure enables mesenchymal stem cells having superior proliferation rate while having superior intrinsic biological activity to be obtained with high yield by sequentially performing three-dimensional suspension culture using pluripotent stem cells, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), as starting cells and adherent culture of cell aggregates formed therethrough. The mesenchymal stem cells produced by the method of the present disclosure can be usefully used in compositions for treating bone diseases, cartilage diseases or inflammatory and autoimmune diseases owing to high differentiation efficiency into bone and cartilage and superior anti-inflammatory activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an extinguishing composition and comprises an extinguishing material and a capsule containing the extinguishing material, and the extinguishing material comprises calcium bromide (CaBr2).

Abstract: A high precision position estimation method through a road shape classification-based map matching implemented by a high precision position estimation system of an autonomous vehicle includes classifying a road into a straight lane, a curved lane, and a clothoid curve lane by the lane matching between a sensor lane segment and a map lane segment, generating a movement amount value calculated by applying a geometric feature-based map matching or an optimization-based map matching to the classified lane as a covariance matrix, and calculating the latitude, longitude, and traveling direction of a vehicle to be estimated by combining the covariance matrix with sensor measurement values of a vehicle speed and a yaw rate by an extended Kalman filter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for producing extracellular vesicles from three-dimensionally cultured stem cells. The method of the present disclosure can produce stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles with a high yield through orbital shaking culture of stem cell aggregates in the presence of TGF-? and thus can be usefully used in an industrial-scale mass production process of exosomes that can be utilized as a pharmaceutical ingredient substituting for a cell therapeutic agent. Furthermore, the exosomes obtained by the method of the present disclosure have significantly improved immunoregulatory functions as compared to the exosomes produced by the existing method and, therefore, can be applied as a superior therapeutic composition for various inflammations or autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an influenza virus surface protein-derived recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) protein forming a trimer and use thereof, and more specifically to a recombinant vector for producing an influenza virus surface protein-derived HA protein forming a trimer, a transformant transformed by the recombinant vector, a method for producing an influenza virus surface protein-derived HA protein forming a trimer using the recombinant vector, an influenza virus surface protein-derived HA protein produced by the method, and the use thereof in preventing, ameliorating or treating influenza virus-infected disease.

Abstract: A scan driver includes stage circuits, wherein each of the stage circuits includes a first transistor, wherein a first electrode thereof is coupled to a first node, a second electrode thereof is coupled to an input carry line, and a gate electrode thereof is coupled to a first clock line; and a capacitor, wherein a first electrode thereof is coupled to the first node and a second electrode thereof is coupled to a second node, wherein the second node is coupled to an output carry line, and the second node is selectively coupled to one of a first power voltage line and a second power voltage line.

Abstract: There are provided a flame retardant element for suppressing flame propagation when a fire occurs during the use of a lithium secondary battery, thereby ensuring safety of the secondary battery while in use, a method for manufacturing the flame retardant element, and a secondary battery module and a secondary battery pack comprising the flame retardant element. The proposed flame retardant element is a composite pad having a stack of at least two polymer resin single layers including fire extinguishing materials having different fire extinguishing and flame retardant mechanisms, the composite pad includes a first polymer resin single layer and a second polymer resin single layer, and the first polymer resin single layer includes the fire extinguishing material which takes effect in a lower temperature range than the second polymer resin single layer.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal includes an amplifier circuit configured to receive the analog signal, and to generate a plurality of amplifier signals by amplifying the analog signal; a comparison circuit configured to compare a plurality of voltage levels corresponding to the plurality of amplifier signals with a positive reference voltage level and a negative reference voltage level, and to output conversion target signals based on a result of the comparison; and a converter circuit configured to convert the conversion target signals into a plurality of digital signals.

Abstract: Disclosed are an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), an electronic device including the ADC, and an operating method of the ADC. The ADC includes a first stage that includes a plurality of channels, generates a first sampling signal by sequentially sampling a first analog signal based on time interleaving, and generates a first digital signal and a first residual signal corresponding to the first analog signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion based on the first sampling signal, an amplifier that amplifies the first residual signal, and a second stage that includes a plurality of channels, generates a second sampling signal by sequentially sampling the amplified first residual signal based on time interleaving, and generates a second digital signal and a second residual signal corresponding to the first analog signal by performing analog-to-digital conversion based on the second sampling signal. The number of the plurality of channels included in the first stage is odd-numbered.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition containing extracellular vesicles isolated from skeletal muscle-derived stem cells as active ingredients, which exhibits the effect of skin aging delay, wound healing, scar reduction and skin whitening, thereby improving skin condition. The present disclosure can not only utilize tissues wasted after surgical operation, thus allowing easy supply of raw materials, but also takes advantage of natural substances, thereby being free from the risk of side effects even upon long-term administration. The composition of the present disclosure promotes the secretion of collagen, reduces reactive oxygen species and promotes re-epithelialization at wound site while remarkably inhibiting melanocyte proliferation, tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. Accordingly, it can facilitate effective recovery from skin tissue damage caused by oxidative stress, physical wound, intrinsic aging at cell or tissue levels, or hyperpigmentation.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for self-training of machine reading comprehension to improve domain adaptation. The method for self-training of the machine reading comprehension may include generating a pseudo training data set comprising pseudo-questions and pseudo-answers in response to a change in a domain to which a trained machine reading comprehension model is to be applied, refining the pseudo training data set, and retraining the machine reading comprehension model and a pseudo-question generator that generates the pseudo-questions using the refined pseudo training data set.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for compressing an image for machine vision, the method including detecting objects in an input image using an object detection network, generating a foreground image including bounding boxes corresponding to the objects and a background image, which is an image acquired by excluding the bounding boxes from the input image, encoding the foreground image and the background image, and decoding the encoded foreground image and the encoded background image.

Abstract: A display device includes a scan write line for receiving a scan write signal, a first driving voltage line for receiving a first driving voltage, a first data line for receiving first data voltages, a second data line for receiving second data voltages, and a sub-pixel connected to the scan write line, the first data line, the second data line, and the first driving voltage line, wherein the sub-pixel includes a light emitting element connected to the first driving voltage line, a constant current generator configured to apply a driving current to the light emitting element according to a first data voltage among the first data voltages of the first data line, and a light emission period controller configured to control a light emission period of the light emitting element according to a second data voltage among the second data voltages of the second data line.