Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-axle running carriage for rail vehicles having two longitudinally, extending cast side walls (1, 2) and a transverse connecting assembly which are disposed axisparallel between two axles (3, 4) and are connected to the side walls, the side walls (1, 2) and the transverse connecting assembly forming a substantially H-shaped running carriage frame bearing a spring-mounted vehicle frame which can be fitted on, the load transmitting transverse connecting assembly provided being a transverse leaf spring (9) which consists of a number of spring leaves (14-19) and which bears in its central zone the lower part (10) of a bogie pivot at the connection of the vehicle frame and which is retained by its ends in the side walls (1, 2).

Abstract: Running gear (1) of a railway vehicle, which is suspended on the undercarriage (2) of the railway vehicel by blade support springs (3) and suspension attachment (8), with the additional arrangement of an additional blade spring as absorption spring (12); the absorption spring (12) is essentially more flexible than the rigid blade support spring (3), and the absorption spring (12), is tensed into the spring band (7) of the blade support spring (3). Blade support spring (3) and absorption spring (12) are kinematically connected in parallel.

Abstract: A spring tine for an agricultural implement for soil cultivation, composed of a bent spring blade having an upper end constituting a point of fastening for releasable attachment to the implement and having a lower end, and a carrier for the attachment of a working member for performing soil cultivation which causes a force to act on the tine along the line of action, the carrier being connected to the lower end of the spring blade and the spring blade having a cross section which varies over its length in such a manner that the axial area moment of inertia I of a cross-sectional plane, divided by one-half the blade thickness, is proportional to the linear distance of that cross-sectional plane from the line of action of the force acting on the tine.