Abstract: Methods for preparing cheese are provided that involve combining a slurry with a cheese precursor to form an admixture that is subsequently processed to form the cheese product. The slurry typically includes a liquid such as water, milk and/or cream and one or more ingredients that are useful for inclusion in the final cheese product. Systems for preparing such slurries and cheese products are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems for preparing soft or firm/semi-hard cheese are provided, as well as soft or firm/semi-hard cheese prepared by the methods. The methods typically involve the formation of a slurry that contains blended or molten cheese curd. A variety of ingredients can be introduced into the curd used to prepare the slurry, the slurry that is formed, or at other stages along the manufacturing process to tailor the performance and nutritional characteristics of the final cheese product. The slurry in some methods is directly processed to form a final cheese product. In other methods, the slurry undergoes various types of processing to achieve certain desired composition or performance requirements.

Abstract: Cheeses are provided that have good melt down performance in high heat applications (e.g., in microwaves). The cheeses contain one or more melt restriction agents to prevent the fat, protein and water present in the cheese from separating during high heat applications. The cheeses also optionally one or more other additives to tailor the performance, nutritional or other characteristics of the cheese. Methods for preparing such cheeses and methods of cooking food products containing the cheeses are also disclosed.

Abstract: Coatings containing one or more thermally coagulating proteins (e.g., whey protein) and foodstuffs coated with such coatings are provided. The coatings render foodstuffs less permeable to fat and oil in the frying medium, and thus reduce the amount of fat or oil absorbed by the foodstuff during cooking. The coatings also improve the color, texture and crispiness of the cooked foodstuff. Methods for applying such coatings to obtain the coated foodstuff are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for cutting a product includes a conveyor assembly and a slitter assembly. The conveyor assembly conveys the product in a feed direction and defines a conveyance surface, on which the product is conveyed. The slitter assembly slits the product into strips as the product is conveyed in the feed direction. The slitter assembly comprises a plurality of cutting elements arranged in a V shape and overlapping one another in the feed direction, as viewed in a direction substantially normal to the conveyance surface. A chopping assembly is positioned downstream of the slitter assembly. The chopping assembly comprises an elongated blade, which moves in an elliptical cutting motion, such that it has a component in the downward direction to sever the strips of product, and a component in the feed direction to toss the severed pieces of product in the feed direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for shredding a product includes a housing having an interior space bounded by a generally cylindrical sidewall that can include one or more contoured segments. The housing further includes a cutting implement, preferably also contoured, following the contoured segment, with an opening in the sidewall between the contoured segment and the cutting implement that follows it. Preferably, the contours of the cutting implement are different from the contours of the segment that the cutting implement follows. The apparatus further includes a feed hopper through which a product to be shred is fed to the interior space of the housing, an impeller, including at least one impeller paddle, mounted for rotation within the housing about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation, and a driving mechanism coupled to the impeller for rotating the impeller.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a soft or semi-soft fibrous cheese comprising the steps of a) pasteurizing milk; b) acidifying the milk; c) coagulating the milk to obtain curd and whey; d) cutting the coagulum and draining the whey, thereby leaving a cheese curd; e) heating, kneading, and stretching the curd (e.g., in mixer/cooker 1) until it is a homogeneous, fibrous mass of cheese; f) forming the cheese into a shape (e.g., by pumping it through extruder 8); g) cooling the shaped cheese in cold brine (e.g., in brine tanks 11 and 15); and h) removing the cooled cheese from the brine (e.g., by conveyor 16). A food additive is thoroughly mixed into the heated cheese (for example in additional mixer 6) after the cheese has been heated, kneaded, and stretched, but before it has been formed into a shape. The additive can be a gum, stabilizer, colorant, dairy solid, cheese powder, flavor, non-dairy protein isolate, salt, or food starch.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a mozzarella (or mozzarella-like) cheese comprising the steps of a) pasteurizing cow's milk; b) acidifying the milk to convert it to a cheese milk; c) coagulating the cheese milk to obtain a coagulum comprised of curd and whey; d) cutting the coagulum and draining the whey therefrom, thereby leaving a cheese curd; e) heating, kneading, and stretching the cheese curd until it is a homogeneous, fibrous mass of heated, unripened cheese; f) forming the heated cheese into a shape; g) cooling the shaped cheese in cold brine; and h) removing the cooled cheese from the brine. The process is improved by mixing an emulsifier such as a sodium phosphate or citrate into the heated cheese after it has been heated, kneaded, and stretched, but before it has been formed into a shape.

Abstract: By adding a minor amount of starch to a natural mozzarella cheese, the baking characteristics of the cheese when used to make a pizza can be altered, making it more suitable for a particular set of baking conditions, e.g., involving time, temperature, type of oven, crust thickness, and the toppings used. For example, the addition of about 0.001 to 0.01 wt. % of a modified high amylose starch allows a pizza with a partially pre-baked crust to be baked at 685.degree. F. in an impingement oven in as little time as 70 seconds, with the cheese being fully melted, evenly browned, and covered with small blisters, as is desired, and the crust being properly baked. Without the addition of the starch, the cheese, although melted, is not brown or blistered by the time the crust is "done.

Abstract: By adding a minor amount of starch to a natural mozzarella cheese, the baking characteristics of the cheese when used to make a pizza can be altered, making it more suitable for a particular set of baking conditions, e.g., involving time, temperature, type of oven, crust thickness, and the toppings used. For example, the addition of about 0.001 to 0.01 wt. % of a modified high amylose starch allows a pizza with a partially pre-baked crust to be baked at 685.degree. F. in an impingement oven in as little time as 70 seconds, with the cheese being fully melted, evenly browned, and covered with small blisters, as is desired, and the crust being properly baked. Without the addition of the starch, the cheese, although melted, is not brown or blistered by the time the crust is "done.

Abstract: In the manufacture of mozzarella cheese, aging can be dispensed with if the process is controlled to yield a combined moisture and wet milkfat content of at least about 70 weight percent, and the cheese will provide acceptable bake performance under typical cooking conditions used in the pizza industry today. Within about 48 hours after brining, the cheese should either be used or frozen. This discovery saves at least seven days of aging and permits the use of a continuous process of making mozzarella, which, from pasteurization to loading of the frozen product on the truck, can be performed in as little time as eight hours. In the continuous process, the hot stretched cheese from the kneading machine is extruded directly into cold brine. After the cheese has cooled sufficiently, it can be comminuted and frozen by independent quick freezing, preferably in a fluidized bed freezer. Salt preferably is mixed into the cheese during the kneading step.

Abstract: In the manufacture of mozzarella cheese, aging can be dispensed with if the process is controlled to yield a combined moisture and wet milkfat content of at least about 70 weight percent, and the cheese will provide acceptable bake performance under typical cooking conditions used in the pizza industry today. Within about 48 hours after brining, the cheese should either be used or frozen. This discovery saves at least seven days of aging and permits the use of a continuous process of making mozzarella, which, from pasteurization to loading of the frozen product on the truck, can be performed in as little time as eight hours. In the continuous process, the hot stretched cheese from the kneading machine is extruded directly into cold brine. After the cheese has cooled sufficiently, it can be comminuted and frozen by independent quick freezing, preferably in a fluidized bed freezer. Salt preferably is mixed into the cheese during the kneading step.

Abstract: A process of converting unfrozen blocks of a mozzarella cheese into a comminuted form suitable for shipment or storage is disclosed. The process involves dicing or shredding the unfrozen cheese blocks; placing the particles of cheese in a fluidized bed freezer to completely freeze each particle rapidly (e.g., within 7 minutes), and keeping the cheese in the fluidized bed until it is completely frozen and its temperature has dropped to below 0.degree. F.; removing the particulate, frozen cheese from the fluidized bed soon enought to avoid moisture loss (e.g., within 10 minutes); optionally spraying the cheese with an aqueous solution or dispersion of a cheese additive (e,g., sodium citrate); and the packaging the cheese while it is still frozen.

Abstract: A method of baking pizzas is provided in which freeflowing cheese granules are applied as a topping. The outer surfaces of the granules are coated with an aqueous carrier containing a cheese modifier for promoting the melting and fusing of the granules during baking.

Abstract: Coated frozen cheese granules are prepared by freezing the granules and applying an aqueous coating containing one or more modifying additives. On baking the cheese the additives in the frozen coatings distribute throughout the cheese to obtain modifications of flavor and other properties.

Abstract: Cheese of the kind used on pizzas is prepared in granular form, and frozen by an individual quick freezing method to maintain granule moisture and distribution. The resulting free-flowing granules can be baked on pizzas in frozen or partially frozen condition while obtaining as good quality baked pizzas as when fully thawed granule cheese is used. The problem of undue browning and blistering heretofore associated with the use of frozen cheese is avoided.

Abstract: Bulk starter cultures for use in cheese manufacture are prepared from a whey solids-containing culture medium. The medium is rennet-coagulable but remains uncoagulated throughout fermentation to produce the bulk starter culture. As used in cheese making, the medium is characterized by being substantially free of curd fines, and by the protein of the medium coagulating with the milk in the cheese vat, thereby increasing cheese yield.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for preparing pasta filata cheese for brining and cutting. The warm mixed cheese is extruded in a continuous ribbon which is discharged into a channel filled with cold brine. The brine and ribbon flow together through the channel, and the ribbon is mechanically removed therefrom on a continuous basis. After removal from the brine channel, the ribbon can be cut into long lengths for brining, and thereafter into the final size for packaging.

Abstract: Cheese of the kind used on pizzas is prepared in granular form, and frozen by an individual quick freezing method to maintain granule moisture and distribution. The resulting free-flowing granules can be baked on pizzas in frozen or partially frozen condition while obtaining as good quality baked pizzas as when fully thawed granule cheese is used. The problem of undue browning and blistering heretofore associated with the use of frozen cheese is avoided.