Abstract: 1-Octene is difficult to separate from octane by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. 1-Octene can be readily separated from octane by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are ethyl formate, ethyl acetate and t-amyl methyl ether.
Abstract: alpha-Phellandrene is difficult to separate from 3-carene by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. alpha-phellandrene can be readily separated from 3-carene by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are methyl formate, nitroethane and acetal.
Abstract: 2-Butanol is difficult to separate from t-amyl alcohol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. 2-Butanol can be readily separated from t-amyl alcohol by extractive distillation. Effective agents are methyl caproate, adiponitrile and cyclopentanone.
Abstract: 1-Propanol is difficult to separate from 2-butanol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. 1-Propanol can be readily separated from 2-butanol by extractive distillation. Effective agents are isobutyl acetate, isobornyl methyl acetate and ethyl butyrate.
Abstract: Ethanol is difficult to separate from isopropanol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. Ethanol can be readily separated from isopropanol by extractive distillation. Effective agents are methyl caproate, cyclopentane and isobutyl acetate.
Abstract: Ethanol is difficult to separate from isopropanol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. Ethanol can be readily separated from isopropanol by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentane and 2-pyrrolidinone.
Abstract: 2-Butanol is difficult to separate from t-amyl alcohol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. 2-Butanol can be readily separated from t-amyl alcohol by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are ethyl acetoacetate, nitroethane and 3-pentanone.
Abstract: A method for dissolving sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, glucose and gluconic acid. Effective agents are dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide.
Abstract: 1-Propanol is difficult to separate from 2-butanol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. 1-Propanol can be readily separated from 2-butanol by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are t-butyl methyl ether, 1,4-dioxane and ethyl formate.
Abstract: 1-Pentanol is difficult to separate from cyclopentanol by conventional distillation or rectification because of the closeness of their boiling points. 1-Pentanol can be readily separated from cyclopentanol by extractive distillation. Effective agents are ethylene glycol and sulfolane.
Abstract: Methylene chloride cannot be completely separated from n-pentane by conventional distillation or rectification because of the minimum boiling azeotrope. Methylene chloride can be readily separated from n-pentane by extractive distillation. Typical effective agents are 2-pentanone, isopropyl acetate or methanol.
Abstract: Heptane cannot be removed from heptane-vinyl acetate mixtures by distillation because of the minimum boiling azeotrope. Heptane can be readily removed from vinyl acetate by extractive distillation. Typical effective agents are dimethylsulfoxide, phenol, diisobutyl ketone and hexyl acetate.
Abstract: Formic acid difficult to separate from acetic acid by conventional distillation or rectification because of the close proximity of their boiling points. Formic acid can be readily separated from acetic acid by using azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are cyclopentane and tetrachloroethylene.
Abstract: Octene-1 is difficult to separate from several of its isomers by conventional distillation or rectification because of the closeness of their boiling points. Octene-1 can be readily separated from its close boiling isomers by azeotropic or extractive distillation. Effective agents are: for azeotropic distillation, t-amyl methyl ether; for extractive distillation, isophorone.
Abstract: Heptane cannot be separated from vinyl acetate by conventional distillation or rectification because of the minimum boiling azeotrope. Heptane can be readily separated from vinyl acetate by using azeotropic distillation. Typical examples of effective agents are methyl acetate, ethanol, ethyl formate or t-amyl methyl ether.
Abstract: Hexane cannot be separated from vinyl acetate by conventional distillation or rectification because of the minimum boiling azeotrope. Hexane can be readily separated from vinyl acetate by using azeotropic distillation. Typical examples of effective agents are acetone, acetonitrile or methyl t-butyl ether.
Abstract: Toluene cannot be separated from methyl isobutyl ketone by conventional distillation or rectification because of the minimum boiling azeotrope. Toluene can be readily separated from methyl isobutyl ketone by using azeotropic distillation. Typical examples of effective agents are 1-butanol, 2-methoxyethanol and n-heptane.
Abstract: The sulfur in bituminous coal can be converted to calcium sulfate instead of sulfur dioxide during combustion when it is mixed with petroleum pitch and calcium oxide, calcium carbonate or dolomite.
Abstract: The separation of vinyl acetate from methyl acrylate by distillation is difficult because of the closeness of their boiling points. Vinyl acetate can be readily removed from methyl acrylate by extractive distillation. Typical effective agents are phenol, methoxyethanol and isobutyl vinyl ether.
Abstract: Hexane cannot be removed from hexane--vinyl acetate--methyl acrylate mixtures because of the ternary azeotrope. Hexane can be readily removed from hexane--vinyl acetate--methyl acrylate mixtures by extractive distillation. Typical effective agents are phenol, diethylene glycol methyl ether and 2-nitropropane.