Abstract: Disclosed is a method of estimating, by a user equipment, a reception delay time of a reference signal, the method including receiving a reference signal from a base station; setting a plurality of summation time intervals within a time interval in which the reference signal is received, and acquiring a plurality of snapshot vectors corresponding to the plurality of summation time intervals; calculating a covariance matrix based on the plurality of snapshot vectors; and estimating a reception delay time of the reference signal based on the covariance matrix.

Abstract: Provided is a positioning apparatus including a communicator including at least three transceivers that are arranged in a first line; and a processor configured to calculate a first phase difference between reference signals received by a first transceiver pair arranged in the first line, a second phase difference between reference signals received by a second transceiver pair arranged in the first line, and a third phase difference between reference signals received by a third transceiver pair arranged in the first line, to determine an integer ambiguity of the second phase difference and an integer ambiguity of the third phase difference based on the first phase difference, and to calculate a position of an apparatus to be positioned based on the second phase difference, the integer ambiguity of the second phase difference, the third phase difference, and the integer ambiguity of the third phase difference.

Abstract: Provided is a positioning method performed by a user equipment, the positioning method including receiving a first reference signal from a first transmitter and a second reference signal from a second transmitter, extracting a first sample vector based on received data of the first reference signal measured at a plurality of sample times and a second sample vector based on received data of the second reference signal measured at the plurality of sample times, calculating a first phase vector and a second phase vector by performing an inner product operation of a DFT coefficient vector for DFT operation with respect to each of the first and second sample vectors, and calculating a difference between a travel distance of the first reference signal and a travel distance of the second reference signal based on phase information of components included in a conjugate multiplication of the first and second phase vectors.

Abstract: Provided is a positioning method performed by a user equipment (UE). The positioning method includes receiving reference signals from a plurality of base stations; acquiring phase difference information depending on a wavelength of at least one subcarrier among subcarriers included in the reference signals; calculating first estimated coordinates of the UE based on first phase difference information depending on a wavelength of a first subcarrier among the subcarriers; and calculating a first travel distance difference between the reference signals from the first estimated coordinates and estimating integer ambiguity of a second phase difference depending on a wavelength of a second subcarrier from the first travel distance difference.

Abstract: Provided is a method of acquiring angle information of a reference signal performed by a user equipment (UE), the method including receiving a reference signal from a base station including a plurality of patch antennas; acquiring phase information depending on a carrier frequency of the reference signal based on received data of the reference signal measured at a plurality of sample times; and calculating an angle of departure (AoD) of the reference signal based on the phase information depending on the carrier frequency.

Abstract: Provided is a positioning support table generation method performed by a computing apparatus, the method including generating a three-dimensional (3D) map based on geographic and building information about a predetermined area; setting a plurality of grid points on the 3D map; determining a first base station corresponding to a grid point with respect to each of the plurality of grid points set on the 3D map; calculating at least one physical parameter about a first signal that arrives at the grid point from the first base station and at least one physical parameter about a second signal that arrives at the gird point from a second base station that is one of base stations adjacent to the first base station; and generating a positioning support table based on the at least one physical parameter about the first signal and the at least one physical parameter about the second signal.