Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the removal of biofilm, flocculent bulked sludge or bulked biologically active sludge from an aqueous system. The method involves adding one or more chlorinated hydantoins, such as dichloro- or monochlorodialkylhydantoin, to the aqueous system. Alternatively, the chlorinated hydantoin may be formed in situ by adding a chlorine source and an alkylated hydantoin separately to the aqueous system. The invention is particularly advantageous because of the outstanding photostability of the chlorinated hydantoin solutions even when exposed to sunlight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biocidal composition comprising a synergistic mixture of certain quaternary ammonium biocides and one or more ketone acids, aromatic carboxylic acids, salts thereof, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an extrudable compound, an extrusion method using a polymer, a cellulosic fiber, and at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitol and sorbitan, and ethylene bisamides made from fatty acids containing 6–10 carbons and composites manufactured through such processes which simulate conventional wood products. Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a composition containing polymer, a cellulosic fiber from an agricultural waste product and a lubricant containing a mixture of an alkylene bisamide derived from a C10–C18 is fatty acid and an alkaline earth salt of a fatty acid.

Abstract: Disclosed are quaternary ammonium salts containing non-halogen anions (e.g., quaternary ammonium carbonates, bicarbonates, and mixtures thereof) as anti-corrosive agents. The invention relates to a method for inhibiting the corrosion of metal surfaces by applying a composition containing one or more quaternary ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate. The disclosure is also directed to anti-corrosive coatings for metal substrates containing these compounds, to metal substrates having these anticorrosive coatings, and to aqueous cleaning solutions containing these compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of an aminoalcohol of the formula racemically or optically active, starting from 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one, its further conversion to give the corresponding acyl derivative and its further conversion to (1S,4R)- or (1R,4S)-4-(2-amino-6-chloro-9-H-purine-9-yl)-2-cyclopentenyl-1-methanol of the formulae In the latter synthesis, the aminoalcohol is converted into the corresponding D- or L-tartrate, which is then reacted with N-(2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidin-5-yl) formamide of the formula to give (1S,4R)- or (1R,4S)-4-[(2-amino-6-chloro-5-formamido-4-pyrimidinyl)amino]-2-cyclopentenyl-1-methanol of the formulae and then cyclized to give the end compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are quaternary ammonium salts containing non-halogen anions such as carbonates, bicarbonates, phosphates, glycolates and mixtures thereof as conversion coatings or additives imparting anti-corrosive properties to paints. The invention relates to a method for inhibiting the corrosion of metal surfaces by applying a composition containing one or more quaternary ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate. The disclosure is also directed to anti-corrosive coatings for metal substrates containing these compounds and to metal substrates having these anticorrosive coatings.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of preparing a quaternary ammonium hydroxide compound having the formula (NR1R2R3R4)OH, wherein R1 and R2 are independently C1–C4 alkyl; R3 is benzyl or a C1–C20 alkyl or a C1–C20 aryl-sutstituted alkyl; R4 is a C8–C20 alkyl. The method includes the step of reacting a quaternary ammonium compound having the formula (NR1R2R3R4)+X?, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined above and X is Br or Cl, with a metal hydroxide in an aminoalcohol solvent to yield the quaternary ammonium hydroxide. The reaction forms metal bromide and/or metal chloride as a byproduct. The metal byproducts and excess metal hydroxide (if any) can be removed by methods known in the art. According to one preferred embodiment, the reaction of the quaternary ammonium compound with the metal hydroxide is performed in an anhydrous environment (i.e., with no water present).

Abstract: This invention is directed to an extruded product, extrudable compound, and an extrusion method using a polymer, a cellulosic fiber, and at least one lubricant selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated esters of hydantoins, ethoxylated esters of sorbitol or sorbitan, or N, N?-bisalkanoylethylenediamines containing from 8 to 14 carbons of the alkanoyl group and compositions manufactured through such processes which simulate conventional wood products. The N,N?-bisalkanoylethylenediamines are new compositions of matter containing from 8 to 14 carbons of the alkanoyl group having a particle size range from about 90 to 150 ?m, preferably from about 120 to 140 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to color stable personal care compositions that provide anti-oxidiation, moisturization, and/or prevent biodegradation in personal care formulations. These compositions contain erythorbic acid or a salt thereof, caffeic acid or a salt thereof, ?-gluconolactone, or a mixture thereof. The present invention further relates to methods of moisturizing skin with erythorbic acid or a salt thereof, or ?-gluconolactone. The present invention also relates to concentrates of active ingredients preloaded with a sufficient amount of an anti-oxidation, moisturizing and/or biodegradation prevention agent so that when it is diluted for use, the final formulation includes an anti-oxidation, moisturizing and/or biodegradation prevention effective amount of the anti-oxidation, moisturizing, and/or biodegradation prevention agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the removal of biofilm, flocculent bulked sludge or bulked biologically active sludge from an aqueous system. The method involves adding one or more chlorinated hydantoins, such as dichloro- or monochlorodialkylhydantoin, to the aqueous system. Alternatively, the chlorinated hydantoin may be formed in situ by adding a chlorine source and an alkylated hydantoin separately to the aqueous system.

Abstract: Applicant has discovered an in situ method of preparing quaternary ammonium methocarbonate salts and quaternary ammonium alkylcarbonate salts in high yield from tertiary amines, methanol, and at least one of a cyclic carbonate, an aliphatic polyester (such as a polycarbonate), or an ester (such as a carbonate ester), and their subsequent conversion to quaternary ammonium bicarbonates, quaternary ammonium carbonates or both in a one-pot reaction. According to one embodiment of the invention, the method includes reacting an amine and methanol with at least one of a cyclic carbonate and an aliphatic polyester to yield a quaternary ammonium methocarbonate. This method does not produce or require the handling of corrosive quaternary ammonium hydroxides. Another embodiment is a method of preparing quaternary ammonium alkylcarbonate salts by reacting tertiary amines, methanol, and an ester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer-cellulosic fiber composition comprising a polymer, a cellulosic fiber, and a quaternary ammonium alkyl salt wherein the latter imparts antimicrobial properties to the composition and functions as a lubricant during the formation of the composition. The quaternary ammonium alkyl salts may be alkyl carboxylate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulphonate, alkyl phosphate, or alkyl phosphite. Certain of the salts are new compositions of matter. The method of extruding and the extrudate are also claimed.

Abstract: Applicants have discovered that cyclic and acyclic ketone acids, such as dehydroacetic acid, and salts thereof as well as an aromatic carboxylic acid and salts thereof enhance the performance of iodine containing biocides as antimicrobial agents and preservatives. The present invention provides a composition comprising (a) an iodine containing biocide; and (b) (i) a ketone acid or salt thereof, (ii) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, or (iii) a mixture thereof. Preferably, the ketone acid is a cyclic ketone acid and the aromatic carboxylic acid is salicylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention is a topical composition comprising (a) L-carnitine, an acyl L-carnitine, a salt thereof, or a mixture thereof and (b) one or more hydroxy acids, proteolytic enzymes, skin lightening agents, or a mixture thereof, in a pharmacologically acceptable vehicle for topical application. The topical composition may be administered to improve or prevent deleterious skin conditions (e.g., epidermal exfoliation and loss of skin elasticity), exfoliate skin, accelerate skin turnover, and/or lighten skin. For example, it can be administered to minimize scar formation due to varicella infection, drying and peeling due to sunburn, and to improve skin elasticity. The topical composition preferably has a pH ranging from about 3.5 to about 8. According to one embodiment, the pH of the topical composition ranges from about 3.5 to about 6.5 or 7. According to another embodiment, the pH of the topical composition ranges from about 6 to about 8 and preferably from about 6.5 to 7.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for controlling allergens by applying an anti-allergenic effective amount of one or more anti-allergenic agents selected from hyperbranched polymers, amines (including tertiary amines), hops extracts, anti-allergenic iodo derivatives, quaternary ammonium compounds, hydantoins and hydantoin blends, polyhexamethylenebiguanidine hydrochloride, natural oils, anti-allergenic natural acids, sodium carbonate, chelating agents, cyclic ketone acids (e.g., dehydroacetic acid (DHA) and salts thereof (including sodium dehydroacetate and the monohydrate thereof)), anti-allergenic surfactants, organic phosphates, hydrogen peroxide, butylene glycol, phenoxyethanol, sodium salicylate, and mixtures thereof, to the allergens or a substrate on which they are located. These anti-allergenic agents are particularly effective at controlling household allergens, such as dust mites.

Abstract: Disclosed are quaternary ammonium carbonates, bicarbonates, and mixtures thereof as anti-corrosive agents. The invention relates to a method for inhibiting the corrosion of metal surfaces by applying a composition containing one or more quaternary ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate. The disclosure is also directed to anti-corrosive coatings for metal substrates containing these compounds, to metal substrates having these anticorrosive coatings, and to aqueous cleaning solutions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium carbonates, bicarbonates, and mixtures thereof as anti-corrosive agents. The present disclosure relates to a method for inhibiting the corrosion of metal surfaces by applying a composition containing one or more quaternary ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate. The disclosure is also directed to anti-corrosive coatings for metal substrates containing these compounds, to metal substrates having these anticorrosive coatings, and to aqueous cleaning solutions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Applicant has discovered an in situ method of preparing quaternary ammonium methocarbonate salts and quaternary ammonium alkylcarbonate salts in high yield from tertiary amines, methanol, and at least one of a cyclic carbonate, an aliphatic polyester (such as a polycarbonate), or an ester (such as a carbonate ester), and their subsequent conversion to quaternary ammonium bicarbonates, quaternary ammonium carbonates or both in a one-pot reaction. According to one embodiment of the invention, the method includes reacting an amine and methanol with at least one of a cyclic carbonateand an aliphatic polyester to yield a quaternary ammonium methocarbonate. This method does not produce or require the handling of corrosive quaternary ammonium hydroxides. Another embodiment is a method of preparing quaternary ammonium alkylcarbonate salts by reacting tertiary amines, methanol, and an ester.

Abstract: Applicants have discovered that cyclic and acyclic ketone acids, such as dehydroacetic acid, and salts thereof as well as an aromatic carboxylic acid and salts thereof enhance the performance of iodine containing biocides as antimicrobial agents and preservatives. The present invention provides a composition comprising (a) an iodine containing biocide; and (b) (i) a ketone acid or salt thereof, (ii) an aromatic carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, or (iii) a mixture thereof. Preferably, the ketone acid is a cyclic ketone acid and the aromatic carboxylic acid is salicylic acid.

Abstract: Free halogen sources (e.g., sodium hypochlorite and chlorine) added as slimicides in high organic component process streams such as pulp and paper processing are rendered more efficacious by the addition of selected N-hydrogen compounds (namely, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin, 5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin, cyanuric acid, succinimide, urea, 4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone, and glycouril) to the process stream. The latter compounds may be added to the process stream before or after the slimicide is added or combined with the slimicide and added directly thereto. The direct use of halogenated hydantoins has also been found to provide improved efficacy relative to free halogen sources. In addition, absorbable organic halogen by-products are reduced.