Abstract: The measuring system of a gear measuring feeler in a gear measuring or testing machine comprises two oppositely arranged permanent magnets mounted at an end of a feeler rod located opposite to its end provided with a feeler probe. The measuring system further comprises a Hall-effect generator or sensor fixedly connected to a housing and arranged between the two permanent magnets and spaced therefrom. The Hall-effect generator or sensor is connected to a stationary electronic circuit containing a null point or zero compensation circuit and operational amplifiers. The measuring system supplies an output signal free of any residual or remaining carrier signal and having an extended frequency response range of up to 100 kHz. The output impedance of the measuring system is low and amounts to approximately 1 ohm. The zero point and the amplification or gain can be electrically adjusted without a change in the output impedance.

Abstract: The method and arrangement contemplates transmitting externally triggered trigger pulses by means of a magnetostrictive line or conductor and such produces echo pulses. Displacement path and time oscillator pulses are counted by two counter groups, and there is computed from the counter state the velocity-corrected position of a measuring head. Consequently, with a higher measuring rate there can be appreciably increased the accuracy of the evaluation of the pulses delivered by the ultrasonic measuring system, there can be obtained further measuring data (velocity and acceleration) by means of the moving measuring head, and there is possible an absolute measurement. Additionally, the resolution of the measured displacement path or distance can be randomly selected by means of the frequency of the displacement path or distance oscillator.

Abstract: The circuit contains two random-access memories or storages into which there is alternately written-in data received from a process computer. The data, in addition to the related addresses, is read-out at two intermediate storages or memories which deliver, by means of a digital-to-analog converter which can be set by a channel selection switch to the correlated analog channel, analog control-and-regulation signals for a machine tool. Two reversing switches which can be alternately opposingly switched enable writing into the one random-access memory, whereas the other random-access memory is read. A further reversing switch switches to the related channel address- and channel data intermediate storage. The circuit has 20 to 64 differential analog output channels with maximum signal voltages of .+-.10 volts. The resolution of the analog signal amounts to 16-bits, resulting in quasi-continuous analog output voltage signals (voltage steps or stages in the signal of minimum 0.

Abstract: The control arrangement enables, with the aid of a start-up control device which is connected with an oscillation or vibration pickup or transducer which is affixed to the generating cylinder of the machine, running-up of the measuring drive at an optimum acceleration to the final or end measuring velocity, so that already at the start of the measuring operation there are obtained valid measurement results, in other words measurment results which are not impaired by the natural oscillations or vibrations of the machine, without there having to be relinquished at the machine the advantageous presence of a lever system and generating straight edge, and thus, the positive motion transmission between the slide system and the test gear. The optimum acceleration, i.e.

Abstract: Two rolling bands, meaning windable and unwindable bands, are affixed to a carriage or slide which is reciprocatingly movable along a guideway. The rolling bands are each arranged to be rolled-off from a respective drum journaled at each end of the guideway. A respective wheel is rigidly coupled to each one of the drums. Two belts interconnected by a tension spring are each arranged to be wound-up upon a respective one of the wheels in opposite direction to the winding direction of the rolling band on the related drum. Without itself being subjected to substantial loading and elongation differences, the tension spring continuously holds both of the rolling bands under tension.

Abstract: The profile measurement control comprises a potentiometer adjustable by means of a lever. The voltage tapped-off the potentiometer is attenuated via a resistance network proportional to the radius of the base circle disc and additionally via an encoding switch and a voltage attenuating circuit when a certain pre-selected diagram length transmission or translation is exceeded. Thus a voltage is always supplied to the drive motor driving a generating carriage or slide which ensures for an optimum paper feed rate when the lever is located to engage a stop. Hence, the lever can be always adjusted to engage the stop without the preselected diagram length translation or the radius of the selected base circle disc having to be taken into account. Consequently, the measuring rate during series testing of gear profiles can be considerably increased.

Abstract: A dressing apparatus for a dished or plate-shaped grinding wheel of a tooth flank-grinding machine, comprising a dressing carriage or slide which can be radially advanced or fed by means of a radial drive in relation to the grinding wheel. The dressing carriage supports a dressing tool which serves for dressing the outer surface of the grinding wheel and a feeler which serves to scan the active end surface or rim of the grinding wheel. The feeler serves to control the axial advancing or infeed movement of the grinding wheel, and such feeler, during such advancing movement, always moves radially with respect to the grinding wheel. The dressing tool is arranged upon a tool support in off-set relation to the feeler in the peripheral or circumferential direction of the grinding wheel.

Abstract: To reduce the hardening distortion during the case hardening of large toothed rims or gear wheels formed of steel the toothed rim or the like during cooling thereof, starting from the hardening temperature, is shrunk during the .gamma./.alpha. transformation of its core material upon a support body member, and then there is limited, during the further cooling to room temperature, the increase of the stresses in the toothed rim in that the support body member is inserted into the toothed rim in a pre-heated condition. The material of the support body member has a greater coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the toothed rim.

Abstract: A pump housing containing an inlet and an outlet and enclosing two meshing pumping gear wheels is connected through an intermediate bearing plate to a transmission housing comprising a base arrangement and enclosing two meshing auxiliary gear wheels. An end bearing plate is disposed on the side of the transmission housing which is remote from the pump housing. The two bearing plates and the transmission housing are designed to be mutually mounted with respect to one another in four relative rotational positions, each rotated by 90.degree. with respect to a primary axis of the gear pump. The pump housing and the intermediate bearing plate are designed to be mutually fastened to each other in two relative rotational positions, each rotated with respect to one another by 180.degree. about the primary axis.

Abstract: A control circuit contains, instead of the otherwise conventional feeler or scanner contact, a displacement pick-up or displacement path transmitter which delivers pulsating signals representative of the irregularities of the scanned grinding wheel. The effective value of such pulsating signals, measured over a scanning or feeling interval, is dependent upon the wear of the grinding wheel or constitutes a measure of the compensating adjustments or repositioning displacements of the grinding wheel. The evaluation of the output signals of the displacement path transmitter or pick-up delivers data concerning the properties of the surface of the grinding wheel, the time during which there is to be undertaken a compensation feed of the grinding wheel, the frequency of the compensating feed and the degree of the compensating or adjustment feeds of the grinding wheel, and specifically, for the positional readjustment and dressing of the grinding wheel both in axial and also in radial direction.

Abstract: A position regulation system containing a digital incremental measuring apparatus. The use of a discriminator and a computer allows the detection of long distances with high resolution, without counters or with only very short counters. The system is capable of automatically advancing to certain positions at a preselected speed or with preselected acceleration and of accordingly determining priorities for the positioning or adjustment magnitudes used for the advance.

Abstract: A clamping or chucking apparatus for a shaper cutter for a gear shaping machine, especially a generating shaping machine for fabricating gears, containing an axially to-and-fro movable ram spindle and a shaper cutter holder affixed at one end of the ram spindle and having a contact surface for the shaper cutter. A centering projection protrudes axially away from the contact surface and serves for mounting the shaper cutter. A clamping plate is attached at the end of the centering projection over a clamping mandrel or plug. The coaction of the clamping plate and clamping mandrel serves to clamp the shaper cutter against the contact surface of the shaper cutter holder. The ram spindle is hollow and contains a spring arrangement and a piston. The spring arrangement is prestressed in order to exert an axial clamping force and is operatively connected by a coupling with the shaper cutter holder or shaper cutter.

Abstract: An apparatus for dressing and adjusting a dished or plate-shaped grinding wheel at a tooth flank-grinding machine for a gear has an adjustable grinding wheel support at which there is mounted the grinding wheel, and a dressing carriage which is adjustable radially with respect to the grinding wheel. Arranged at the dressing carriage diametrically opposite the work location at which there is effective the grinding wheel upon a tooth flank, is a dressing tool for the working or effective end surface of the grinding wheel and a dressing tool for the outer jacket or peripheral surface of the grinding wheel as well as a feeler for scanning the working end surface. The adjustment direction of the grinding wheel support encloses an acute angle .gamma.

Abstract: With this power take-off gearing, intended to be installed at a propulsion system or drive of a marine vessel, there can be taken-off part of the vessel's drive output at one or a number of auxiliary drive units. The drive or propulsion system of the vessel is mounted upon the ship's foundation and essentially comprises a main engine, a speed reduction gear unit containing a power take-off shaft, a multi-part propeller shaft which extends through a power take-off gearing, and a propeller attached to the propeller shaft. The power take-off gearing is arranged in a housing and supported as a self-contained unit upon the ship's foundation independent of the propeller shaft. A large gear mounted in the housing of the power take-off gearing is driven by the propeller shaft through a moveable clutch which is constructed as a double tooth clutch. The power take-off gearing is connected with a generator.

Abstract: An indexing generating method for grinding gears having an involute-shaped tooth flank profile, wherein there are accomplished between a dished or plate-shaped grinding wheel and the gear teeth to-and-fro generating movements as well as feed or advance movements in the tooth lengthwise direction, adjustment movements for compensating for the wear of the grinding wheel, and, finally, indexing movements. The grinding wheel is advanced between two respective indexing movements, independently of the magnitude of the adjustment needed for compensating for wear of the grinding wheel, by such an amount towards the tooth base or bottom land that also such tooth base is ground.

Abstract: An apparatus for grinding gears having an involute-shaped tooth flank profile, wherein there are accomplished between a dished or plate-shaped grinding wheel and the gear teeth to-and-fro generating movements as well as feed or advance movements in the tooth lengthwise direction, adjustment movements for compensating for the wear of the grinding wheel, and, finally, indexing movements. The grinding wheel is advanced between two respective indexing movements, independently of the magnitude of the adjustment needed for compensating for wear of the grinding wheel, by such an amount towards the tooth root that also such tooth root is ground.

Abstract: A gear cutting machine and method for fabricating workpieces, especially steering segments, for transmissions having a variable transmission ratio, wherein there takes place between the workpiece and a gear cutter or hob a part-rolling or generating movement composed of a generating rotation about the workpiece axis and a generating displacement transverse to the workpiece axis as well as a to-and-fro cutting movement along the workpiece axis. An additional movement, controlled by a template and directed transverse to the workpiece axis, alters the course of the generating curve of the workpiece. This additional movement controlled by the template constitutes a change of the work position of the gear cutter and which change is directed transverse to the generating displacement.

Abstract: A marine reversing gearing having a forward clutch which is coaxially arranged with respect to a drive shaft. A pinion of a first gearing stage or train can be coupled with the drive shaft by means of the forward clutch. Two mutually parallel gears of the first stage continuously mesh with the pinion of the first stage. A power take-off shaft can be driven by means of both gears of a second gearing stage or train. There is also provided a set of reversing gears composed of a number of reversing gears and at least one reverse clutch which is likewise coaxially arranged with regard to the drive shaft. The set of reversing gears can be coupled with the pinion of the first gearing stage by said at least one reverse clutch. For engaging and disengaging the forward and reverse clutches a slowly rotating auxiliary drive having reversible direction of rotation is connected by means of a reverse movement blocking device with the drive shaft.

Abstract: A method of intermittently dressing the ring-shaped surface or active rim of an axially adjustable dished grinding wheel of a gear grinding machine and which active rim acts upon a workpiece. The position of the active rim is controlled and the grinding wheel adjusted such that the ring-shaped surface or active rim is retained at the same location independent of its wear. The active rim is dressed once within a predetermined dressing interval by means of a likewise axially advanced dressing tool. The dressing tool is then advanced if, within the dressing interval, the grinding disk adjustment or compensating feed has dropped below a predetermined total magnitude.

Abstract: A device for facilitating the alignment of heavy workpieces at a machine table or the like, comprising a housing capable of being arranged below the workpiece at the machine table. A pendulum support is arranged in the housing so as to have a limited tilting movement to all sides and equally can be moved between a rest position and support position where it supports the workpiece. The pendulum support is arranged so that it can be selectively raised and lowered. Further, there is provided a mechanically adjustable support which is guided so that it can be raised and lowered. The mechanically adjustable support is guided in the housing between a rest position and a support position where it supports the workpiece instead of the pendulum support.