Abstract: Method for measuring a moisture value F of dielectric materials using at least one microwave resonator, one shift A of the resonant frequency being respectively evaluated for at least two resonance modes with resonant frequencies which are different from one another and a density-independent moisture value being calculated from the measured shifts in the resonant frequency.

Abstract: Method for measuring a moisture value F of dielectric materials using at least one microwave resonator, one shift A of the resonant frequency being respectively evaluated for at least two resonance modes with resonant frequencies which are different from one another and a density-independent moisture value being calculated from the measured shifts in the resonant frequency.

Abstract: A filter rod measuring station is equipped with measuring devices which measure at least the mass (M) of a filter rod and the draw resistance (PD) of the filter rod, and a microwave measuring device is provided for measuring the mass of the softener and/or the moisture content and/or the dry mass of the filter rod.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for detection and segregation of faulty cigarettes in a production/packaging installation for cigarettes having an apparatus by means of which faulty cigarettes are segregated from the conveyed sequence of cigarettes, wherein the apparatus and method use a generator and evaluation circuits for radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and use a sensor past whose end surface the ends of the cigarettes are passed and which applies the radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to the end surface of the sensor, whose size corresponds approximately to the size of the end surface of the cigarettes, with the changes in the electromagnetic fields as a cigarette passes being evaluated.

Abstract: A Method and an apparatus for measuring the mass and/or moisture of the contents of incompletely filled capsules, containing, in particular, medicinal products, pharmaceutical products, vitamins and similar products, with the aid of microwaves is disclosed. The displacement of the resonant frequency and broadening of the resonance curve caused by the capsules in at least one resonator is determined and evaluated. Measurements are made integrated over the whole capsule as well as with high local resolution for various portions and cross sections of the capsule.

Abstract: The method of detecting foreign bodies in continuous mass streams of fibrous material, strand-like material or material similar to bulk goods with the aid of microwaves, in which the mass flow is led through the field of a microwave resonator and in which the change (A) in the resonant frequency, effected by the material, and the change (B) in the width of the resonance curve of the microwave resonator is determined, is distinguished in that the ratio (B/A) of the changes is evaluated and compared with corresponding averages, and the presence of a foreign body is reported when the ratio differs from the averages by more than a predefined value.

Abstract: The microwave leakage field sensor for measuring moisture and/or density of dielectric materials is distinguished by the fact that it is of essentially rotationally symmetrical design and transmissive for electromagnetic radiation in the axial direction toward at least one side, and that an essentially rotationally symmetrical alternating field of standing waves can be generated in it, the spatial period of which field in the peripheral direction is less than the vacuum wavelength at the frequency of the alternating field.

Abstract: A microwave resonator for connection to an instrument for measuring the density and/or moisture profile in the longitudinal direction of a sample, which microwave resonator has a through-hole (3) at right angles to its area extent, which through-hole (3) is bounded by metallic walls (4) extending in the longitudinal direction, distinguishes itself in that the interior (1) of the resonator is essentially flat, with a thickness which is considerably less than the lateral dimensions at right angles to it, and in that the resonator is filled with a dielectric.