Abstract: In the process for treating incineration residues from waste incineration plants, the incineration material is incinerated on a furnace grate. The incineration residues produced are quenched in a wet slag remover and conveyed out of the latter. The wet incineration residues which come out of the wet slag remover are firstly divided into two fractions by means of a screening operation, after which the main fraction is washed with water taken from the wet slag remover, and in the process adhering fine pieces are separated off. The washed pieces of the incineration residues are fed for reuse. The washing water together with the ultra fine pieces which have been taken up during the washing operation pass into the wet slag remover. The fine fraction produced during the mechanical separation operation is fed back to the incineration operation.

Abstract: A grate furnace with a grate (4) consisting of grate steps (15, 16, 17) composed [lacuna] grate elements lying next to one another, of which grate steps in each case every second grate step (15, 17) in the longitudinal direction of the grate can be driven for carrying out stoking movements and the grate steps (17) in each case lying therebetween can be fixed, has drive devices (18) under the grate, which are in each case arranged in housing chambers (25) and are in this way protected against impairment caused by material falling through the grate.

Abstract: In an incineration plant with combination air being fed to its furnace via a pipeline, a mixing chamber, an extractor and an air-preheating device are provided in the direction of flow of the combination air. Heated air is fed from the air-preheating device into the mixing chamber, so that the sucked-in incineration air and, in particular, the moist dust particles entrained by it are dried.

Abstract: In an incineration plant with incineration air being fed to its furnace (1) via a pipeline (9), a mixing chamber (12), an extractor (10) and an air-preheating device (11) are provided in the direction of flow (13) of the incineration air. Heated air is fed from the air-preheating device (11) into the mixing chamber (12), so that the sucked-in incineration air and, in particular, the moist dust particles entrained by it are dried.

Abstract: In order to remove deposits in feed nozzles (20), which serve to recycle exhaust gas into the furnace of a firing installation, a lance (27) can be inserted into the feed nozzles (20) and is held in such a way as to be displaceable in its longitudinal direction. The lance (27) has a nozzle head (28) at its front end for the spraying of water and is connected at its rear end to a valve device (29), which can be adjusted via a control device (32) with regard to the water quantity, the water pressure and the opening and closing times. By means of the lance (27), water is sprayed in a finely distributed manner onto deposits (34) in the interior of the feed nozzle (20), as a result of which the water penetrates into these deposits and causes these deposits to be blasted off due to the development of vapour.

Abstract: In a process for gasifying and burning waste materials, the waste materials are introduced into an incinerator (1) and end up on a burning grate (6) to which combustion air is conducted through various undergrate forced draft chambers (8a to 8e). In the first area combustion air is introduced at a superstoichiometric level in order to ignite the waste materials. Then, via the undergrate forced draft chambers (8c to 8e), oxygen is mixed into the air which is used for the gasification, thereby establishing a substoichiometric level which results in gasification of the waste materials. The combustible gases which result from this process pass via a waste gas flue (12) into a second furnace (2), in which the gases are burned at a superstoichiometric level through the introduction of combustion air. The resulting waste gases pass to a heat exchanger (3).

Abstract: A fire grate has tensioning devices (3) inserted in recesses (2) of an oven wall (1), with each device acting upon one grate side plate. The tensioning device (3) includes a cylinder (4) inserted into the oven wall, a hollow piston (7) guided therein and a spring (26), which can be adjusted in its tension. The grate side plate has a carrying plate (12) directly fastened to the piston bottom (10) with a grate border plate (13) suspended, or hanging, on the carrying plate (12). The piston (7) has diameter and length dimensions such that it can support and guide the grate side plate without further guiding devices. Neighboring pistons (7) are connected flexibly to each other by guiding bars (36), so that the pistons (7) can influence each other reciprocally. An upper edge of the grate side plate, particularly the grate border plate (13), has a flange (17) extending toward the oven wall. The flange (17) sealingly engages an elastical seal (19), fastened onto the oven wall.

Abstract: In a process that is used to regulate the quantity of a processing medium at is used to reduce the nitrogen monoxide content in the exhaust gases generated by combustion processes, in which the quantity that is used is regulated as a function of the nitrogen monoxide content, a processing medium blow-by nominal value (8) that is changed as a function of the nitrogen monoxide content value (3) measured in the exhaust gas (2) is used in addition to a pre-set nitrogen monoxide nominal value (7) .

Abstract: A method for introducing and metering a liquid treatment medium into the waste gas flow in combustion processes where the liquid treatment is metered and injected into a mixing chamber, under pressure. In addition, a carrier medium, also under pressure, is metered and injected into the same mixing chamber. This mixture is then sprayed, as a result of a pressure difference, from the mixing chamber, through a nozzle achieving atomization, and into the flue serving as an exhaust for the waste gas flow.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for extracting water from ash that has been quenched in water bath of an ash discharger and which is expelled from the water bath by means of a discharge ram through a discharge chute includes an improvement wherein the discharge chute of the ash discharger is caused to vibrate. The vibration is provided by a vibration generator, particularly of the unbalanced type.

Abstract: The method for introducing a treatment medium into the waste gas flow in combustion processes provides that a carrier medium be mixed with a treatment medium, wherein these media are brought to a pressure level necessary for the atomization in a one-component nozzle prior to mixing. The quantitative proportion of treatment medium to carrier medium, which is adjustable as desired, is adjusted as a function of the NO.sub.x gas concentration in the treated gas flow or as a function of the waste gas quantity. The atomization pressure is either predetermined as a fixed value corresponding to the nozzle configuration or adjusted as a function of the waste gas quantity. The atomization pressure can also possibly be regulated as a function of the evaporator load. Water serves as carrier medium, while ammonia, sal ammoniac, urea or calcium cyanamide is used as treatment medium.

Abstract: The procedure for supplying combustion air during grate firings, in which the primary combustion air is introduced into the fuel, and secondary combustion air is introduced directly into the flow of exhaust gas, and in which, in addition, some of the exhaust gas is tapped off from the flow of exhaust gas and returned to the combustion process, includes the withdrawal of exhaust gas directly above the fuel in the area where there is a large quantity of unused primary air, and the delivery of this exhaust gas that has been tapped off to the combustion air, the quantity of which is reduced according to the quantity of exhaust gas that is mixed with it.

Abstract: In order to recover or dispose of ammonia or ammonia compounds from mixtures of dust that occur during combustion processes, during subsequent gas cooling, or during subsequent gas scrubbing, the dust that is created is mixed in batches with water in a closed system at a temperature that is lower or equal to the temperature at which the dust leaves the combustion, cooling or scrubbing process, and the resulting vapors are drawn off in a vacuum.

Abstract: The secondary air jets (11) that are arranged within the combustion space (5) consist of an outer casing (12), an inner casing (13), and a flange (14) that connects the two casings to each other, the flange (14) crossing the inner casing (13) and being rigidly connected with this, whereas the outer casing (12) is so connected to the flange that is of greater diameter than the outer casing (12) that slot-type jets (15) are left between the face side of the outer casing (12) and the flange (14), these jets making it possible to expel air parallel to the defining wall and essentially perpendicular to the axis of the jets.

Abstract: The method for reducing the nitric oxide concentration in the waste gas flow of combustion processes consists of the introduction of chemicals, e.g. ammonia, sal ammoniac, urea, calcium cyanamide, into the waste gas flow, wherein the waste gas flow is marked by an additional compulsorily produced strong turbulence and the waste gas flow is compressed prior to this turbulence zone. The introduction of the treatment medium is effected shortly before the turbulence zone and the waste gas flow is relaxed and calmed subsequent to the turbulence zone. In order to implement this method, a furnace is provided which comprises a grate and a waste gas flue consisting of an ascending waste gas flue and a descending waste gas flue adjoining the latter. The current flow of the waste gas flow is substantially S-shaped proceeding from the furnace grate to the downwardly directed waste gas flue, wherein the change of direction in the lower area is substantially smoother than in the reversing space.

Abstract: A grate for industrial furnaces wherein pairs of stationary grate bars flank movable grate bars. The grate bars of each pair are connected to each other by an elongated coupling device which extends through one or more elongated slots of the movable grate bar between them. The coupling device has two bolts whose heads are pivotably anchored in the downwardly extending ribs of the stationary bars and an internally threaded sleeve which is located between the slots in two downwardly extending ribs of the movable grate bar and meshes with the shanks of the two bolts. The shanks have oppositely inclined threads and the sleeve is held in the selected position by a lock nut.

Abstract: A grate for use in industrial furnaces wherein rows of elongated grate bars partially overlap each other and the grate bars of each row include neighboring stationary and longitudinally movable grate bars. The undersides of the marginal zones of neighboring grate bars are undulate by exhibiting alternating teeth and tooth spaces which ensures rapid expulsion of solid particles which happen to penetrate between the lateral surfaces of neighboring grate bars when the movable grate bars reciprocate relative to the adjacent grate bars. The flanks of teeth at the undersides of the marginal zones make with the upper sides of the respective grate bars acute angles of between 20 and 50 degrees, and the thickness of each marginal zone above the deepmost portion of a tooth space is a small fraction of the thickness of the marginal zone above the top land of a tooth.