Abstract: An anti-AIDS viral agent and anticancer agent comprising as an effective ingredient in the extract containing polysaccharides from nutshells of nuts belonging to the genus Juglans or the genus Carya of angiosperm Juglandaceae with an alkali aqueous solution is disclosed. The extract has anti-HIV effect at the concentration ranging from 64 to 512 .mu.g/ml and exhibits an increased life span in animal.

Abstract: The method of extracting a physiological active substance in which a granular acid polysaccharide is a principal component is disclosed. The husks of the pine nuts are immersed in an alkali solution to proceed an extraction treatment. The obtained extract is filtered and insoluble substances are separated and then remained solution is concentrated and arranged its degree of pH. Thus physiological active substance in which a granular acid polysaccharide is a principal component is extracted through lyophilization treatment. The anti-contagion medicine in which an acid polysaccharide obtained by the extraction method is a principal component provides with an activation function which by far surpasses an activation function of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte of conventional anti-tumor polysaccharides.