Abstract: An expert system-controlled defibrillator for delivering precise energy doses to a patient who's heart is in fibrillation. An energy source connects to the patient's chest (during emergency resuscitation) or directly to the heart (during open-heart surgery) and discharges energy in one or more pulses. The apparatus measures a patient-dependent parameter or parameters, and determines, from an expert based system, the waveform morphology and the precise amount of energy to deliver.

Abstract: A medical treatment device includes a plurality of digitally controlled medical treatment modules with a feature authorizing system to enable selected treatment modules in response to the entry and subsequent validation of a user's passcode.

Abstract: A stun gun having an electrically insulated protuberance that extends to a height above the line between the vertical terminations of the exposed electrical target contacts. Before the weapon's target probes can be brought in contact with the target, the insulative protuberance compresses the target's muscle. This action shortens the length of the muscle while increasing the area of tissue involved in a subsequent shocking discharge. This, in turn, increases the likelihood of a sustained involuntary flexing or extending contraction of the muscle. A rectangular ammunition bay may be placed in the weapon with a portion of one partially exposed probe touching the ammunition's negative contact and a portion of the other partially exposed probe touching the ammunition's positive contact. In the event of a ballistic deployment failure, without the addition of any circuitry, the weapon can still act as a manual contact weapon.

Abstract: Defibrillator capacitors are charged according to duty cycle control implemented by several stages of clocking circuits. A first frequency clocking circuit is reset on demand to introduce additional clock pulses for a fast charge of the capacitors.

Abstract: A discharge resistor is thermally monitored under computer supervisory control. Current flow through the resistor is duty-cycle controlled to prevent thermal damage.

Abstract: A blood pressure monitoring system for automatic unattended operation uses curve fitting techniques determined during an initial inflation period to determine cuff size. Based upon cuff size, the number of important pre-determined operating parameters are determined for use in controlling the remaining blood pressure reading operations. The automatic blood pressure monitor according to the present invention offers a simplified, cost effective construction utilizing a single pump, a single valve and a single valve orifice.

Abstract: A defibrillator paddle set includes first and second paddles connected together with a Y-shaped cord set. The legs of the cord set are attached to the forward ends of each paddle, adjacent a defibrillator "firing" button. Improved manufacturing techniques and enhanced operator safety are realized.

Abstract: A process for detecting a presence of steroid receptors in tissue therapeutically and for treating certian tissue, especially tissue having estrogen receptors, includes the step of treating the tissue by injection, surface application or the like, with a labeled steroid. The labeled steroid may include a moiety which is readily imageable on a gamma radiation detector, on x-ray film, on a fluoroscope, through NMR devices or the like. An especially suitable labeled steroid has been found to be 16-.sup.123 I-17-beta-estradiol having a specific activity of greater than 2,000 curies per millimole and preferably at least 5,000 curies per millimole.

Abstract: A ventilating device is provided for ventilating an electronic apparatus such as a computer. The device includes a housing having a top wall with a first ventilating aperture therein, and further includes a floor, a pair of side walls extending between said floor and said top wall, and an end wall closing one end of the housing. The housing is open at one end. The device further includes a fan unit secured in the housing adjacent the top wall in substantial alignment with the ventilating aperture and spaced above the housing floor, whereby the fan unit pulls air in through one of the ventilating aperture and open end expels air through the other thereof to facilitate the flow of air through the electronic apparatus.

Abstract: A method of preparation of halogen labeled organic compounds is described. In particular, estradiol derivatives labeled by halogen substitution at C-16 are synthesized according to the present invention. A triflate intermediate is prepared from which either 16-alpha-halo-substituted-17-beta-estradiols or 16-beta-halo-substituted-17-beta-estradiols can be rapidly formed as desired. In particular, the preparation of 16-alpha-.sup.123 I-17-beta-estradiol and 16-beta-.sup.123 I-17-beta-estradiol are shown and are synthesized from a 17-beta-estradiol-16-beta-triflate. Both 16-alpha-.sup.123 I- and 16-beta-.sup.123 I-17-beta-estradiol made according to the present invention are shown to have a high specific activity. The method of synthesis is sufficiently rapid so that the relatively short half-life of .sup.123 I is readily accommodated. The high stereospecificity of each step of the reaction sequence in preparing the labeled estradiols provides for highly efficient syntheses and little waste of radio-label.

Abstract: A disposable electrode pad is provided for a defibrillator electrode. The pad is saturated with electrically conductive greasy material, sometimes known as electrogel. The pad is designed for adhesive or other securing to the electrode, and the pad is covered with a tear-off aluminum sheet cover to protect the integrity and sanitation of the pad, while still allowing sufficient electrical conductivity for monitoring a patient's heartbeat through the electrode.

Abstract: Electronic defibrillating mechanism in which the electrodes comprise handles to be grasped by an operator with electrodes in the form of discs to be placed against the chest of the patient. The handles are provided with push buttons, and a neon ready-light is provided in each push button to indicate when the apparatus is charged to the desired extent for the operator to effect a defibrillating discharge.