Abstract: Disclosed is a steel alloy that includes as alloying ingredients carbon, silicon, manganese, aluminum, and oxygen. In accordance with this embodiment of the disclosed invention, carbon is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 0.77 wt. %; silicon is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 1.20 wt. %; manganese is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 1.20 wt. %, aluminum is present in an amount ranging from 0.003 to 0.060 wt. %; and oxygen is present in an amount ranging up to 0.0030 wt. %. Also disclosed is a railway wheel that comprises a hub, a rim, and a connecting plate. In accordance with this embodiment of the disclosed invention, at least the rim, and preferably the entire railway wheel, is composed of the disclosed steel composition.

Abstract: An air diffuser for an air distribution system is disclosed comprising a first and a second border member. Plural spreaders interconnect the first and second border members thereby defining an airflow aperture therebetween. A pattern controller is slidably disposed between the plural spreaders for controlling the volume of airflow through the airflow aperture. The pattern controller is pivotable within the airflow aperture for controlling the direction of airflow through the airflow aperture.

Abstract: (1) A nickel-base alloy product having, on the surface thereof, an oxide film comprising at least two layers, namely a first layer mainly composed of Cr2O3 and having a chromium content of not less than 50% relative to the total amount of metal elements and a second layer occurring outside the first layer and mainly composed of MnCr2O4, wherein the grain size of Cr2O3 crystals in the first layer is 50 to 1,000 nm and the total oxide film thickness is 180 to 1,500 nm. (2) A method of producing the nickel-base alloy product as specified above under (1) which comprises subjecting a nickel-base alloy product to oxide film formation treatment by maintaining the same at a temperature of 650 to 1,200° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere or hydrogen-argon mixed atmosphere showing a dew point of −60° C. to +20° C. for 1 to 1,200 minutes.

Abstract: An improved air diffuser for an air distribution system is disclosed comprising a first and a second border member. Plural spreaders interconnect the first and second border members thereby defining an airflow aperture therebetween. A pattern controller is slidably disposed between the plural spreaders for controlling the volume of airflow through the airflow aperture. The pattern controller is pivotable within the airflow aperture for controlling the direction of airflow through the airflow aperture.

Abstract: In pulling a single crystal by CZ method, stable pulling up is carried out in a pulling rate as fast as possible while a crystal deformation is controlled to an aimed value and density of grown-in defects is suppressed to a value below an upper limit value. As an index of deformation of the single crystal from a perfect circle, the aimed value of the crystal deformation is previously determined. The upper limit value of a pulling rate necessary to suppress a defect density to an allowable range is previously calculated from distribution of grown-in defects in the crystal section, the single crystal is pulled up according to a predetermined pulling rate, and then deviation of the achieved value from the aimed value of the crystal deformation in pulling is calculated. The deviation is converted to a correction of the pulling rate. This correction is added to a set value of the pulling rate in the pulling and the result is used as a temporary set value of the pulling rate in the next pulling.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel alloy that includes as alloying ingredients carbon, silicon, manganese, aluminum, and oxygen. In accordance with this embodiment of the disclosed invention, carbon is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 0.77 wt. %; silicon is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 1.20 wt. %; manganese is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 1.20 wt. %, aluminum is present in an amount ranging from 0.003 to 0.060 wt. %; and oxygen is present in an amount ranging up to 0.0030 wt. %. Also disclosed is a railway wheel that comprises a hub, a rim, and a connecting plate. In accordance with this embodiment of the disclosed invention, at least the rim, and preferably the entire railway wheel, is composed of the disclosed steel composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel alloy that includes as alloying ingredients carbon, silicon, manganese, aluminum, and oxygen. In accordance with this embodiment of the disclosed invention, carbon is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 0.77 wt. %; silicon is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 1.20 wt. %; manganese is present in an amount ranging from 0.40 to 1.20 wt. %, aluminum is present in an amount ranging from 0.003 to 0.060 wt. %; and oxygen is present in an amount ranging up to 0.0030 wt. %. Also disclosed is a railway wheel that comprises a hub, a rim, and a connecting plate. In accordance with this embodiment of the disclosed invention, at least the rim, and preferably the entire railway wheel, is composed of the disclosed steel composition.

Abstract: A method for easily and effectively preventing shattered-rim fracture in a railway wheel. Generally, the method comprises the steps of providing a railway wheel, measuring the maximum defect size within the rim of the railway wheel, and determining whether the maximum defect size is less than a predetermined maximum permissible defect size, the maximum permissible defect size being determined based on an analysis of the likelihood of Mode II crack propagation from the defect when the railway wheel has been subjected to the load. The disclosed invention also encompasses a method for grading railway wheels for maximum load suitability.

Abstract: This invention is intended to provide a semiconductor wafer temperature measuring method for use in reflector plate-equipped infrared annealing furnaces, infrared heating epitaxy furnaces, and other semiconductor wafer processing equipment that employs lamps as the heat source, the method affording easy and accurate measurement of substrate surface temperature, thereby enabling control of the heat source on the basis of these measurements. Characterizing features are the provision of a slit or small hole to the reflector plate and measuring light from the semiconductor wafer surface in the perpendicular direction by means of a scanning CCD sensor to allow substrate temperature to be measured on the basis of the radiant light distribution peak; and the provision of slits in a plurality of locations on the reflecting plate without impairing the function thereof, so that substrate temperature distribution can be measured accurately.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus and a plasma processing method used in etching, ashing, CVD, etc. in the manufacturing, etc. of large-scale integrated circuits (LSIs) and liquid crystal display panels (LCDs). The plasma processing apparatus includes a dielectric plate used for the passage of a microwave, a microwave window disposed to confront the dielectric plate, and a reaction chamber in which a sample stage is disposed to confront the microwave window. The apparatus is characterized in that the microwave window has a recess in the area confronting the sample stage. The plasma processing method is characterized by implementing a plasma process for a sample with the plasma processing apparatus. The method and apparatus are capable of raising the plasma density in the area confronting the sample, improving the plasma processing rate, improving the etch-through performance for fine hole patterns, and improving the yield of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: An electrothermal drying device has a hollow main body, a plurality of reflection hoods covering infrared electrothermal tubes, a plurality of air-inhaling blowers connected to the hollow main body, a plurality of waste vapor-exhaling blowers, a plurality of air separation devices, two air inlet stranglers, two pairs of high pressure gas valves connected to two high pressure gas tanks, a plurality of electric heaters disposed in the hollow main body, two emergency air-exhaling stranglers connected to the hollow main body, a plurality of heat-resistant glass panes located in the hollow main body and abutting the reflection hoods, two water atomizing devices located in the hollow main body and connected to two water tanks, and reflection hoods each having an is automatic rotating device.

Abstract: Plunger arrangements are used for retaining glass/screen inserts in frames. A plurality of caps are disposed around the insert and are disposed in one position for extending a spring biased plunger to engage the frame. The caps are disposed in an other position against the spring bias to retract the plunger from the frame. The arrangement is such that the cap remains in the other position without being held thereat by a user, whereby the user's hands are free to manipulate the insert in or out of the frame.

Abstract: A bolt tightening device having an inner socket and an outer socket arranged coaxially with each other and coupled to a motor by planetary gear mechanisms for tightening a reaction-bearing bolt with a nut thereon by engaging the nut in the outer socket and a tip at one end of the bolt in the inner socket. The inner and outer sockets are coupled respectively to two output shafts of the gear mechanism in the terminal stage which are rotatable in directions opposite to each other. The terminal gear mechanism has an axis displaced from the axes of the other gear mechanisms in parallel thereto, and has two input shafts coupled to two output shafts of the other gear mechanisms by way of first and second idle gears, respectively. This construction reduces the axial thickness of the socket side of the device, rendering the device easy to use.

Abstract: Discrimination between genuine coins and unacceptable coins (i.e., slugs) deposited in a coin-actuated vending machine, is achieved by guiding a deposited coin for movement along a guide path, and positioning a disk-shaped coil which forms part of an oscillator circuit at a certain position relative to the first guide path such that coins of certain diameters will interact with flux produced by the coil when the latter is excited by the oscillator circuit and the coins are guided in proximity with the coil. Amplitude and frequency values each corresponding to operation of the oscillator circuit (1) in the absence of a proximate coin, and (2) when a deposited coin is at positions along the first guide path which are in proximity with the coil, are measured. Degrees of shift in the amplitude and the frequency values between measurements made at (1) and (2) are then determined. The determined degrees of shift are compared against known shift limits for acceptable (i.e.

Abstract: A sliding panel includes top, bottom and side members. A corner roller arrangement has integral corner keys, whereby a corner member abuts the ends of the panel members at each of the corners thereof. Each of the corner members includes a spring biased roller whereby the rollers are self-leveling at each of said corners. A clip is arranged to adjust the roller to a plurality of inwardly and outwardly extensions relative to the top and bottom panel members. The arrangement is such that the corner members are effective as an installation guide for the sliding panel and impart an anti-rattle feature thereto.

Abstract: A sliding panel includes a frame having top, bottom and side members. Expanders rotatably supporting rollers are partially disposed within the top and bottom members and are displaceable against spring tension inwardly and outwardly of said members. Clips are provided for retaining the expanders partially disposed within the top and bottom members and for limiting the outward displacement of the expanders. The arrangement described provides self-leveling of the rollers along the entire width of the panel.

Abstract: A theft deterrent device restricts the number of newspapers or other periodicals that can be retrieved from a newspaper vending machine at one time. The device includes a cover gate forming a generally T-shaped opening with a vertical passageway and a horizontal slot opening. The cover gate mounts over an access opening of the vending machine behind a hinged door that closes against the vending machine. The cover gate restricts the number of periodicals that can be withdrawn at one time from a storage cabinet portion of the machine after the hinged door is opened and lowered by a customer. The deterrent device is easily installed on existing newspaper vending machines by way of an engagement member that securely engages a fixed part of the vending machine in the region of the access opening. A lock mechanism on the cover gate serves to lock the cover gate to the dispensing machine and firmly hold the gate in place over the access opening.

Abstract: A molten metal inclusion sensor intended for "continuous" use in the testing of steel, i.e. a useful life of at least about 30 minutes, comprises a probe which is detachably connected to a water-cooled support member (35). The probe comprises a tube (30) of heat resistant material, preferably silica, having an inner electrode (31) mounted on its interior wall and an outer electrode (32) mounted on its exterior wall, the molten metal entering the tube interior through an orifice (33) upon its immersion in the molten metal, whereupon the flow of metal with entrained inclusions is monitored by measuring the voltage between the electrodes (31, 32). The electrodes (31, 32) are preferably of graphite and are shaped to fit closely against the walls of the part of the tube (30) that is immersed in the metal and are of a material that retains enough mechanical strength to support the tube (30) as the metal is pumped into and out of interior, the metal remaining hot enough for this pumping to occur.

Abstract: A series-type fan includes an air intake exposed to both ambient and forced ventilation air, a variable capacity fan, and multiple ports positioned downstream from the fan. One of the ports has a damper attached thereto which closes when the fan is de-energized to prevent backspin of the fan.

Abstract: A carbon desorption heater (10) for use in a system for removing volatile organic contaminants from a carbon filter is disclosed as having a housing (30) in which a recirculating heating circuit (36) is provided with a recirculation blower (44) that moves the air past a burner (50) for flow through a first flow path (60) of a heat exchanger (58) with a portion of the recirculated air exhausted during each cycle of flow through an exhaust stack outlet (52). A delivery blower (64) within the housing (30) moves air through a second flow path (62) of the heat exchanger (58) for heating prior to delivery to a supply outlet (34). The heater includes a plurality of modules (90) that are sufficiently small so as to be shippable and subsequently securable to each other at the factory site where the heater is to be used.