Abstract: An exposure calculating device, for use in a camera having a programmed exposure control mode which automatically calculates a shutter speed and a diaphragm aperture value in a programmed manner, is further capable of modifying the combination of calculated shutter speed and aperture value in accordance with the manual operation. The amount of modification value is automatically reset in response to the detection of the operational condition of the camera, such as a detachment of an exchangeable lens, the charging completion of an electronic flash device, the camera exposure control by a camera accessory, and the change of the exposure control mode.

Abstract: An improved paper feeding device, for example, for a copying machine is provided and is capable of warning a user of the status of available copy paper sheets. A movable support tray can be monitored to provide a measurement of the total initial height of the paper stack and subsequent movements of this paper stack to introduce individual copy paper sheets into a paper transport system can be correlated with the actual number of sheets that are transported. From these monitored values, it is possible to calculate the number of sheets remaining on the stack and to provide an audible, vocal or visual display of the actual number or relative condition to warn a user.

Abstract: An improved operator controlled system for a copying machine to minimize user error and to provide a compact control console. An information display member is capable of sequentially displaying an identification of discrete operating features, such as number of copies, etc. A memory is capable of storing a predetermined set of first command signals for each discrete operating feature. A common set of control members permits the user to selectively generate second input command signals relative to any specific operating feature. These same control members are capable of inputing signals for a number of different operating features. The copying machine is capable of discriminating between the input command signals and the particular operating feature. The resulting operation of the copying machine would be in accordance with the predetermined standard set of machine functions or any combination thereof of operator inputed command functions.

Abstract: A camera with a voice command system includes a switch which selectively brings the voice command system to one of learning and working modes. During the learning mode, various command voices spoken into a microphone and each registered in the camera at a designated section. During the working mode, a spoken command voice is compared with each one of the registered command voices and recognized by the one that correlates mostly for generating a control signal relying on the identified section.

Abstract: A multi-layer anti-reflection coating is provided having four layers. The design can be defined by the following parameters:N.sub.1 d.sub.1 .congruent.0.25.lambda.o;N.sub.2 d.sub.2 .congruent.0.50.lambda.o;0.50.lambda.o.ltoreq.N.sub.3 d.sub.3 .ltoreq.0.75.lambda.o;N.sub.4 d.sub.4 <0.25.lambda.o;1.35.ltoreq.N.sub.1 .ltoreq.1.62;1.90.ltoreq.N.sub.2 .ltoreq.2.30;1.90.ltoreq.N.sub.4 .ltoreq.2.30;1.56.ltoreq.N.sub.3 .ltoreq.1.80; andN.sub.1 <N.sub.3wherein N refers to the refractive index, d refers to the physical thickness with their respective subnumbers referring to the layer, with the fourth layer being the layer closest to the substrate, and .lambda.o refers to a preselected design wavelength.

Abstract: An optical system for a viewfinder camera is provided. The objective lens system is divided into at least two separate lens groups. The first lens group provides an insufficient correction to aberration while the second lens group is designed specifically to correct the aberration transmitted through the first lens group. The complimentary viewfinder system is also likewise designed to correct the same aberration as the second lens group.

Abstract: An inverted telephoto type wide angle lens system of an aperture ratio, 1/2.0 and a field angle, 84 degrees is provided. The lens system consists, from the object to the image side, of: a first component of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side; a second component of a negative meniscus lens element convex to the object side; a third component of a negative meniscus lens element convex to the object side; a fourth component of a biconvex lens element; an aperture stop; a fifth component of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the object side; a sixth component of a biconvex lens element; a seventh component of a biconcave lens element; an eighth component of a positive meniscus lens element convex to the image side; and a ninth component of overall positive refractive power including at least one lens element.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an improved light measuring device which is used in flash photography for measuring a preliminary flash light to obtain camera exposure information for photography under a primary flash light. The device is so arranged as to preliminarily obtain informations of light amount contributing to photographing, with respect to each portion or area of a scene to be photographed or object field, in taking photographs with the employment of the auxiliary light.

Abstract: A waiting time display system specifically for use in a copying machine includes a temperature sensor for monitoring the specific temperature of heat fixing rollers. Electronic processing is responsive to the varying signal outputs of the sensor and correspond to the rise of the temperature detected. A display panel is driven so that a plurality of lights are sequentially activated and deactivated to indicate time and temperature. An audio signal can also be provided to indicate the machine can be activated for copying. An operator can now gauge the amount of time until the copy machine is capable of being operative.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine of a transfer type has a capability of reproducing an image on a copying paper selectively at a plurality of magnifications and also a capability of feeding copying papers of different sizes. The machine comprises a plurality of timers of a first group operable in common to all of modes of operation of the machine and a plurality of timers of a second group operable during a particular mode of operation, these timers of the first and second groups being sequentially controlled by a microcomputer.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a developer removing device for a copying apparatus. An electrostatic latent image is developer by a magnetic brush developing using a developer mix of magnetic carriers of small diameter and insulative non-magnetic toner charged to polarity opposite to one another and in which some of the magnetic carriers are transferred onto the background portion of the latent image. The developer removing device has a structure for removing the magnetic carriers adhering to the background portion at least either by magnetic force or electrostatic force.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compact lens system equally operable in both air and water, comprising a first lens group having a front surface directly facing the air or water medium, the center of the curvature of the front surface being located approximately at the entrance pupil of the lens system, and a second lens group located at the image side of the first lens group with an air space formed between the first and second lens groups. The air space and design parameters being selected in the lens system so that the field curvature of the lens system is mainly changed without any substantial change in other aberrations when the air space is changed, wherein the air space is changeable by a predetermined value in response to the change between use in air and use under water for maintaining a relatively flat image surface.

Abstract: A microfilm searching reader is provided which is capable of searching and displaying a page, or pages, of microfilmed dictionary containing a word related with a character input. The reader includes an input unit provided with character keys for generating first signals related with the character keys and coded according to a predetermined standard, a microfilm accommodating pages of a dictionary, a display device for feeding the microfilm to display a frame thereof, a memory for storing catchwords coded according to the predetermined standard, a reading unit for identifying the frames by reading the coded catchwords to generate second signals representing the catchwords, and a comparing control circuit for comparing both signals to cause the display device to feed the microfilm until the second signal becomes smaller than the first signal. In this arrangement a frame corresponding to a character input will be searched and displayed on the display device.

Abstract: An optical image pickup system for reducing spurious color signals generated in an image pickup system including a stripe-shaped color separation or color encoding filter, wherein a double refraction plate and a diffraction grating spatial frequency filter are arranged serially in an optical path to maintain a high resolution power in the luminance band and at the same time present a sufficient reduction of the spurious color signal.