Abstract: A stereomicroscope has a rotary mirror to switch an optical path of a beam from an objective optical system between a normal optical path A and an image optical path B. Accordingly, a main operator D1 can keep his or her eyes on eyepieces 15 when switching an optical image through the normal optical path A and an electronic image through the image optical path B from one to another. A zooming optical system 10 is horizontally arranged in the normal optical path A and a high-magnification optical path C is formed on a horizontally outer side of the zooming optical system 10, to reduce a vertical dimension of a body of the microscope and secure a wide work space.

Abstract: A noncontact form measuring apparatus emits a laser beam L. In the apparatus, a prism bends the laser beam into an X-axis direction, so that a Z-axis displacement of an objective optical system is converted by the prism into an X-axis displacement on a measurement coordinate system. A movement of an X-axis stage is converted into a Z-axis displacement on the measurement coordinate system. The apparatus moves an internal gear as a measurement object and the prism, reads X, Y, and Z coordinates at each focal point, and measures a three-dimensional form of inner teeth of the internal gear. The apparatus may translate the internal gear in a Y-axis direction, to measure a partial form of the inner teeth. The apparatus may turn the internal gear in an angular ?-direction, to measure a whole circumferential form of the inner teeth.

Abstract: An optical measuring system has a first optical measuring instrument and a second optical measuring instrument. The optical measuring system includes a first optical path to guide a first beam from a measuring region to the first optical measuring instrument, a second optical path to guide a second beam from the measuring region to the second optical measuring instrument, an optical system through which the first and second optical paths extend and in which the first and second optical paths are paraxial, a reflection area to change the direction of the first optical path, the second optical path crossing the reflection area, and a light transmission area arranged at a position where the reflection area and second optical path cross each other, the light transmission area having a higher light transmittance than the reflection area.

Abstract: The surgical microscope system includes a first binocular microscope and a first display device. The first binocular microscope includes an objective lens, a first right ocular lens which provides a first image based on a light flux transmitted through the objective lens, and a first left ocular lens which provides a second image based on a light flux transmitted through the objective lens. The first display device can be disposed opposite to or in alignment with the first binocular microscope, and includes a first right-eye image display surface for displaying the first image and a first left-eye image display surface for displaying the second image. The first display device can be reversed about a horizontal axis extending in a direction along which the first right-eye image display surface and the first left-eye image display surface are located in alignment.

Abstract: A first switch for performing both a weight balancing operation for a main parallel linkage and a weight balancing operation for a supplemental parallel linkage is provided separately from a second switch for only performing a weight balancing operation for the supplemental parallel linkage. An operator can press the second switch during surgery to only correct a slightly unbalanced state of the supplemental parallel linkage in a short period of time, resulting in increased operability of the operation microscope. While the first switch is provided on an operating panel at a stand body, the second switch is provided at a lower part of a distal link located above an operating space for the operation microscope. It is thus easy for an operator to press the second switch during surgery.

Abstract: A noncontact form measuring apparatus emits a laser beam L. In the apparatus, a prism bends the laser beam into an X-axis direction, so that a Z-axis displacement of an objective optical system is converted by the prism into an X-axis displacement on a measurement coordinate system. A movement of an X-axis stage is converted into a Z-axis displacement on the measurement coordinate system. The apparatus moves an internal gear as a measurement object and the prism, reads X, Y, and Z coordinates at each focal point, and measures a three-dimensional form of inner teeth of the internal gear. The apparatus may translate the internal gear in a Y-axis direction, to measure a partial form of the inner teeth. The apparatus may turn the internal gear in an angular ?-direction, to measure a whole circumferential form of the inner teeth.

Abstract: A surgical microscope system is disclosed. The surgical microscope is comprised of a stand which is comprised of a movable base and a support capable of free motion with keeping a particular orientation relative to the movable base; a stereoscopic surgical microscope linked with the support, which is comprised of a pair of first optical systems so as to provide a first stereoscopic magnified view; and a stereoscopic display device having a movable link with the stand, which is comprised of a display screen for displaying stereoscopic image taken by the first optical systems and a pair of second optical systems as to show the stereoscopic image as a second stereoscopic magnified view.

Abstract: A mouth switch is provided for a multifunction operation microscope (1). Signals to be outputted to the operation microscope can be switched from one provided when only a long main lever (21) is held with a mouth (lips, teeth, and the like) to another provided when a sub-lever (25) is held together with the main lever. Even if the number of functions to control increases, the mouth switch can cope with them. The mouth switch can change signals through the simple operation of holding the levers with a mouth, and therefore, possibility of an operation error can be reduced. As a changeover switch (22) is OFF, the mouth switch provides four kinds of signals including focus-up, focus-down, zoom-in, and zoom-out signals, and as for ON state, other four kinds of signals relating to X(+) direction, X(?) direction, Y(+) direction, and Y(?) direction for shifting field of view are provided.

Abstract: The medical stands is used to support a medical tool and includes a first parallel linkage to maintain weight balance of the medical tool. The torque transmitting mechanism maintains an attitude of the medical tool and includes a second parallel linkage whose one end is fixed to a body of the medical stand, a connecting element, and a third parallel linkage connected through the connecting element to the second parallel linkage. Links that form the second parallel linkage are made of rigid material. A vibration suppressing mechanism is attached to a longitudinal link of the first parallel linkage and is always resiliently in contact with a longitudinal link of the second parallel linkage.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope includes a microscope main body and a camera for assistant. The microscope main body includes therein an objective optical system, a zoom optical system and an eyepiece optical system. The camera for assistant is detachably mounted to the microscope main body. The microscope main body provides to a main operator a pair of optical images including a certain binocular disparity as viewed from an observation direction of the main operator. The camera for assistant provides to an assistant a pair of electron images including a certain binocular disparity as viewed from an observation direction of the assistant. The observation directions of the main operator and the assistant cross at a certain angle. The camera for assistant outputs the pair of electron images into a stereo viewer which is separated from the microscope main body.

Abstract: A mouth switch is provided for a multifunction operation microscope (1). Signals to be outputted to the operation microscope can be switched from one provided when only a long main lever (21) is held with a mouth (lips, teeth, and the like) to another provided when a sub-lever (25) is held together with the main lever. Even if the number of functions to control increases, the mouth switch can cope with them. The mouth switch can change signals through the simple operation of holding the levers with a mouth, and therefore, possibility of an operation error can be reduced. As a changeover switch (22) is OFF, the mouth switch provides four kinds of signals including focus-up, focus-down, zoom-in, and zoom-out signals, and as for ON state, other four kinds of signals relating to X(+) direction, X(?) direction, Y(+) direction, and Y(?) direction for shifting field of view are provided.

Abstract: A non-contact surface configuration measuring method is provided which allows for accurate measurement of a surface which is at a steep angle to a laser probe. Specific areas including parts inclined ±30° or more from an optimum measurement state relative to the laser probe are measured after a workpiece is rotated such that the surface within the specific areas is less than ±30°. Therefore, accurately measured data on the specific areas can be obtained even in a different coordinate system from that of a general area.

Abstract: A bright-field light source for a surgical microscope emits visible light whose spectral intensity in a wavelength at the wavelength (672 nm) of fluorescence radiated from an observation object is weaker than that of the remaining wavelength regions of the visible light. With the bright-field light source, the surgical microscope allows a clear observation of the periphery of the fluorescent object. The spectral intensity of the visible light from the bright-field light source is relatively suppressed in the wavelength region of the fluorescence radiated from the observation object. Accordingly, the visible light from the bright-field light source never bothers observation of the fluorescent object. The bright-field light source and an excitation light source such as a semiconductor laser unit are mounted on the surgical microscope without a need of additional supports.

Abstract: A medical stand apparatus supports light-weight medical equipment and is installable directly on a patient bed or in a small space adjacent to a patient bed. The medical stand apparatus has a base (10) spaced away from the floor (F), a horizontal rotation member (11), and a protrusion (11a). With the use of these elements, the medical stand apparatus directly attaches a parallel link mechanism (6) including a longitudinal sub-link (14) and a lateral sub-link (15) to support the medical equipment to a table (8) on which a patient (7) is laid.

Abstract: A heliostat 5 for use in a sunlight concentration system for utilizing sunlight as energy according to this invention has a plurality of small concave mirror elements 8 and reflects and focuses sunlight reflected off the individual concave mirror elements to a light concentration portion as if upon reflection off a single large concave mirror 9. The angles of the concave mirror elements 8 are changed to define a single concave mirror having a predetermined curvature. When the incident angle of sunlight with respect to the concave mirror is large, the curvature is reduced (like a shallow dish). When the incident angle is small, the curvature is increased (like a deep dish).

Abstract: An autonomous heliostat (1) having an independent autonomous control function and eliminating the need for a complicated control by a computer or the like is provided. The heliostat includes a target sensor (19) for controlling reflected light (R) from a mirror component (5) to direct it to the target sensor 19, and a search sensor (12) for catching sunlight (S) to guide reflected light from the mirror component to the target sensor, thereby to autonomously start control by the target sensor.

Abstract: A fixed-high-power-switching microscope including a usual variable power optical system which can be switched to a fixed high power high resolution optical system, as necessary, is provided. The microscope includes a second optical axis for the fixed high power bypassing the variable power optical system. A prism (reflecting element) movable into and out of a first optical axis switches a viewing optical path from the first optical axis for the variable usual power to the second optical axis for the fixed high power, as necessary, providing a clear magnified image at high magnification and high resolution.

Abstract: A fixed-high-power-switching microscope including a usual variable power optical system which can be switched to a fixed high power high resolution optical system, as necessary, is provided. The microscope includes a second optical axis for the fixed high power bypassing the variable power optical system. A prism (reflecting means) movable into and out of a first optical axis switches a viewing optical path from the first optical axis for the variable usual power to the second optical axis for the fixed high power, as necessary, providing a clear magnified image at high magnification and high resolution.

Abstract: A microscope suitable for use together with MRI, and a support stand for the microscope are provided. A microscope 1 is a non-magnet type where any electric motor is not used, and hence does not induce fluctuations of magnetic field having effects on image quality of an MRI 3 by focusing or zooming. Hence, the microscope of the invention is suitable for use together with MRI 13. Since a clutch C is of non-magnet type, a support stand 2 does not induce changes in the surrounding magnetic field environments if the clutch is operated, and hence it is suitable for use, for example, in proximity to the MRI.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope has an objective system, a zoom system, and an eyepiece system. The zoom system consists of two systems that are juxtaposed at the same height. This arrangement reduces the vertical size of a body (2) of the stereomicroscope, allows an observer to easily see a target below the stereomicroscope with the naked eye as and when required, and improves workability when an assistant microscope (7) is attached to the stereomicroscope.