Abstract: A boiler according to the present invention includes: a plurality of heat transfer tubes arranged to form a cylindrical shape between an upper header and a lower header to constitute a heat transfer tube row; a boiler body cover of a cylindrical shape provided between the upper header and the lower header so as to surround the heat transfer tube row; and a heat insulating material provided to a predetermined region of a space between the heat transfer tube row and the boiler body cover.

Abstract: A number-of-compressors controlling system which has a simple configuration and can produce compressed air by immediately following the load used of the compressed air is provided. The number-of-compressors controlling system has a plurality of compressors (2), a receiver tank (3) in which compressed air is supplied from these compressors (2) and is fed to a compressed air utilization device, a pressure sensor (4) provided on the receiver tank (3), and a number-of-compressors controller (5) which changes the number of compressors being operated based on the detected pressure of the pressure sensor (4). A number-of-compressors decreasing pressure as a threshold value whether or not the number of compressors being operated is decreased by the number-of-compressors controller (5) is set to be lower as the number of compressors being operated is larger.

Abstract: A substantially ring-shaped seat section (8) protrudes from an inner circumference wall in a through hole (4) of a container attaching section (6) made of a metal. On an outer circumference of an electrode shaft (3) held in the through hole (4) through an insulator (5) made of a synthetic resin, locking protrusions (13, 14), which have a diameter larger than a hole diameter of the seat section (8), are provided at a distance from the seat section (8), on at least inner side or outer side of the seat section (8) in a shaft direction of the electrode shaft (3). Thus, for instance, when the inside of the metal container (2) is at a high temperature, the insulator (5) is destroyed and the electrode shaft (3) is to jump out from the container attaching section (6) to the outside or the inside of the metal container (2), the locking protrusions (13, 14) lock the seat section (8) and prevent the electrode shaft (3) from jumping out.

Abstract: A storage medium stores a program which, when executed by a controller, causes the controller to control a boiler group including boilers each of which has a plurality of stepwise combustion positions. The program includes the steps of calculating a number of a presently combustion shiftable boilers, a number of their combustion positions, or a gross evaporation quantity, calculating a deviation quantity between a set physical quantity and a present time physical quantity, calculating a ratio between the deviation quantity and a control width that corresponding to the set physical quantity, and calculating the combustion subject boilers and their combustion positions based on the number of the combustion shiftable boilers, the number of their combustion positions, or the gross evaporation quantity and the ratio.

Abstract: A boiler has an upper header, a lower header and a heat-transfer tube. The heat-transfer tube connects the upper header with the lower header. The hear-transfer tube is provided with projections such that a heat-transfer area per unit length of the heat-transfer tube is smaller in an upstream region than that in a downstream region of combustion gas.

Abstract: A boiler system has a boiler and a combustion amount control unit. The boiler includes a boiler body, a discharge unit, a discharge passage, a feedwater preheater and a feedwater temperature measuring unit. The feedwater preheater includes a heat exchanger. The feedwater temperature measuring unit measures a feedwater temperature that is the temperature of the feedwater flowing in the heat exchanger. The combustion amount control unit controls combustion amount in the boiler, and has a feedwater temperature threshold as a threshold relating to the feedwater temperature. The combustion amount control unit minimizes the combustion amount in the boiler in a case where the feedwater temperature measured by the feedwater temperature measuring unit is the feedwater temperature threshold or lower.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus for boiler includes an air supply device that varies a supply amount of combustion air, a fuel supply device that varies a supply amount of fuel, and a control device that controls the air supply device and the fuel supply device, obtains the supply amounts in accordance with respective combustion stages, and realizes the multiple combustion stages. The the control device controls the air supply device and the fuel supply device so as to return to a predetermined combustion stage when a request for transition cancel is received during transition from the predetermined combustion stage to another combustion stage, and controls so as not to perform the transition to the other combustion stage until a predetermined time period has elapsed.

Abstract: A boiler has a plurality of inner heat-transfer tubes which makes up an inner heat-transfer tube row, and a plurality of outer heat-transfer tubes which makes up an outer heat-transfer tube row. Inner fins project from each of the inner heat-transfer tubes on an outer circumferential side of the inner heat-transfer tube row. Outer fins project from each of the outer heat-transfer tubes on an inner circumferential side of the outer heat-transfer tube row. An inner row communicating portion is provided in a lower end portion of the inner heat-transfer tube row. An outer row communicating portion is provided in an upper end portion of the outer heat-transfer tube row. An inner-fin absent region is provided in a lower end portion of each of the inner heat-transfer tubes. An outer-fin absent region is provided in a longitudinally middle portion of each of the outer heat-transfer tubes.

Abstract: An air compressor is driven by a steam engine that generates power using steam. The steam is supplied to the steam engine through a steam supply path, and the steam is exhausted through a steam exhaust path. The steam from the steam engine is supplied to a steam using device through a steam header. The usage load of the steam is monitored by a pressure sensor arranged in the steam header. The compressed air from the air compressor is supplied to a compressed air using device through a compressed air path. The usage load of the compressed air is monitored by a pressure sensor arranged on the compressed air path. The steam supply to the steam engine is controlled based on the usage load of the steam and the usage load of the compressed air.

Abstract: A method for operating a water softening device, includes: producing soft water by passing raw water downward through a cation exchange resin bed which has a depth of 300 to 1500 mm and a ratio of the depth to a diameter being 1.8 to 3; and regenerating all the bed by generating an opposite flow of a regenerant by collecting the regenerant at an intermediate portion of the bed while supplying the regenerant from top and bottom sides of thereof, wherein the regenerating includes supplying the regenerant in a volume which gives a regeneration level of at least 1 to 6 eq/L-R, to a hardness leak prevention bed having a depth of 100 mm, and the producing after the regenerating includes supplying raw water having an electric conductivity of equal to or lower than 150 mS/m and having a total hardness of equal to or lower than 500 mgCaCO3/L.

Abstract: A boiler steam amount measuring method for continuously measuring a temporal change in an amount of steam from a steam boiler, includes: first measuring a differential pressure between a pressure at a first detection position that is a predetermined position in a can body of the steam boiler or a steam outflow path, and a pressure at a second detection position in the steam outflow path separated from the first detection position toward a downstream side; first calculating a pressure loss coefficient based on the differential pressure measured by flowing a predetermined flow rate of steam or fluid instead of steam into the steam outflow path, and the predetermined flow rate; and second calculating continuously the amount of steam based on the differential pressure measured in the first measuring and the pressure loss coefficient calculated in the first calculating, and outputting the calculated amount of steam as a measurement value.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis membrane separation device includes: a reverse osmosis membrane module; a flow rate detecting unit configured to detect a flow rate of permeate water to output a detected flow rate value corresponding to the flow rate; a pressure pump configured to be driven at a rotation speed corresponding to an input drive frequency and to feed supply water to the reverse osmosis membrane module; an inverter configured to output a drive frequency corresponding to an input current value signal to the pressure pump; and a control unit configured to calculate a drive frequency of the pressure pump by a velocity type digital PID algorithm, such that a detected flow rate value output from the flow rate detecting unit becomes a target flow rate value that is set in advance to output a current value signal corresponding to a calculation value of the drive frequency to the inverter.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a water treatment system includes: a membrane separation device and a water softening device including a valve unit switching between a softening process in which soft water is obtained by passing raw water through a cation exchange resin bed downward and a regeneration process in which a whole of the cation exchange resin bed is regenerated by generating an opposite flow of a regenerant by supplying the regenerant from both sides of a top portion and a bottom portion of the cation exchange resin bed and collecting a liquid at an intermediate portion of the cation exchange resin bed, and a regenerant supply supplying the regenerant in a volume which gives a regeneration level of 1 to 6 eq/L-R, to a hardness leakage prevention region set in a predetermined depth on the bottom portion of the cation exchange resin bed, in the regeneration process.

Abstract: A medicine package includes a container for containing a fluid medicine, a tube body for connecting an interior and an exterior of the container, a tube made of an elastic material, and a nozzle for discharging the medicine. The container is made of soft sheets each configured by laminating resin film layers and an aluminum foil layer, and provided as a bag having a gusset on either side. An inclined section is provided at an adhered section between the sheets such that an internal space of the container forms a funnel shape with the tube body as a stem.

Abstract: Column which includes a first column with an upper layer of H2SO4 silica gel and a lower layer AgNO3 silica gel and a second column packed with alumina, connected detachably to a lower end of the first column. An oily liquid containing polychlorinated biphenyls, is added to the upper layer and heated. An aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is supplied to the upper layer, whereby polychlorinated biphenyls captured by the first column are dissolved in the aliphatic hydrocarbon and then flow to the second column. The polychlorinated biphenyls are captured by the alumina which is located near the inlet of the second column, which is then detached from the first column. A hydrophobic solvent is passed through the second column in a direction opposite to the direction in which the aliphatic hydrocarbon was passed, providing an extract containing the polychlorinated biphenyls dissolved in a small amount of the hydrophobic solvent.

Abstract: It is intended to effectively suppress corrosion of a feed-water supply pipe in a preheater, by means of recirculation of boiler water to feed-water to be supplied to a steam boiler, even if a concentration of an alkaline component of the feed-water is relatively high. An alkali metal hydroxide is added from an agent-adding unit (14) to feed-water after removing therefrom a water hardness component in a water-softener unit (15) using a cation exchange resin and then removing therefrom dissolved gas in a degasifier unit (16). Then, the feed-water is supplied to a steam boiler 20 via a feed-water supply line 13 while being heated by a preheater (41). A part of boiler water having a pH value increased along with an increase in concentration of the alkali metal hydroxide resulting from enrichment thereof in the steam boiler (20) is mixed with the feed-water via a recirculation line (38).

Abstract: A boiler has a plurality of inner heat-transfer tubes which makes up an inner heat-transfer tube row, and a plurality of outer heat-transfer tubes which makes up an outer heat-transfer tube row. Inner fins project from each of the inner heat-transfer tubes on an outer circumferential side of the inner heat-transfer tube row. Outer fins project from each of the outer heat-transfer tubes on an inner circumferential side of the outer heat-transfer tube row. An inner row communicating portion is provided in a lower end portion of the inner heat-transfer tube row. An outer row communicating portion is provided in an upper end portion of the outer heat-transfer tube row. An inner-fin absent region is provided in a lower end portion of each of the inner heat-transfer tubes. An outer-fin absent region is provided in a longitudinally middle portion of each of the outer heat-transfer tubes.

Abstract: A heat recovery system includes a first air cooler for cooling compressed air from a compressor, a first oil cooler for cooling a lubricant from the compressor, and a second air cooler and/or a second oil cooler serving as a heat recovering heat exchanger. The second air cooler heats water with the heat of the compressed air to be fed to the first air cooler. In contrast, the second oil cooler heats water with the heat of a lubricant to be fed to the first oil cooler.

Abstract: There is provided a boiler capable of preventing occurrence of a trouble accompanying transition cancel while enabling the transition cancel between combustion stages, in the boiler that controls a combustion amount in multiple combustion stages.

Abstract: First, to decrease an amount of emitted nitrogen oxides to zero as much as possible and also decrease an amount of emitted carbon monoxide to a permissible level. Second, to save energy on combustion at a low air ratio close to 1.0. Third, to attain a stable air ratio control in a low air ratio combustion region.