Abstract: The invention relates to a catalyst component which is a tract product of reagents comprising silica which has a pore volume which exceeds 2.9 cc/gram and an average pore diameter which exceed 400 Angstroms;a metallocene of a first transition metal, activated by an alumoxane,a contact product of dialkylmagnesium and trialkylsilanol,a second transition metal source which exhibits a hydrogen response which is different from that of the metallocenean olefin of 4 to 20 carbon atoms. This catalyst component is activated by an aluminum alkyl activator.

Abstract: A multi layer film having enhanced barrier properties with respect to oxygen and water vapor transmission is provided. The multi layer film includes a polyolefin core layer, a copolymer or terpolymer intermediate layer on at least one surface of the polyolefin core layer, with the intermediate layer having voids therein and including a wax trapped within the voids, and a surface layer on the intermediate layer. Multi layer films according to the present invention are particularly useful as packaging films for food products, and are successful in laminating, printing or coating operations.

Abstract: The invention provides dispersants and dispersant viscosity index improvers which include polymers of conjugated dienes which have been hydrogenated, functionalized, optionally modified and post treated. The dispersant substances include a copolymer of two different conjugated dienes. The polymers are selectively hydrogenated to produce polymers which have highly controlled amounts of unsaturation, permitting highly selective functionalization. The polymers may be functionalized by a Mannich base condensation reaction. Also provided are lubricant fluids, such as mineral and synthetic oils, which have been modified in their dispersancy and/or viscometric properties by means of the dispersant substances of the invention. Also provided are methods of modifying the dispersancy and/or viscometric properties of lubricating fluids such as mineral and synthetic lubricating oils. The dispersant substances may also include a carrier fluid to provide dispersant concentrates.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an improved process for conversion of H2S to sulfur, using MOST(Mobil Offgas Sulfur Treatment) catalyst or sorbent. The sorbent is typically a magnesium-aluminate spinet, with oxidation promoters such as ceria and vanadia. H.sub.2 S from the feed gas is used to regenerate sulfated sorbent, simultaneously producing elemental sulfur which is then condensed out. The improvement involves combusting part of the feed, converting some of the feed H.sub.2 S to SO.sub.2 prior to contacting the sulfated sorbent. Thus much of the stoichiometric oxygen required for conversion of H.sub.2 S to S is supplied in the form of SO.sub.2 by this pre-combustion step, instead of coming totally from the oxidized/sulfated solid sorbent. This can decrease the amount of sorbent required, as well as the frequency of regenerations, thus reducing process cost. The hot combustion gas also helps to heat the feed stream.

Abstract: A process is described for isomerizing a feed which contains ethylbenzene and xylene, which process comprises the steps of:(a) contacting the feed under ethylbenzene conversion conditions with a particulate first catalyst component which comprises a molecular sieve having a constraint index of 1-12, the particles of said first catalyst component having a surface to volume ratio of about 80 to less than 200 inch.sup.-1 and the contacting step converting ethylbenzene in the feed to form an ethylbenzene-depleted product; and then(b) contacting the ethylbenzene-depleted product under xylene isomerization conditions with a second catalyst component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for continuously producing clathrate hydrate. This process includes comprising the steps of:(a) pressurizing a hydrate-forming gas to an elevated pressure and cooling the hydrate-forming gas below the gas-water-hydrate equilibrium point at the elevated pressure;(b) cooling liquid water below the gas-water-hydrate equilibrium temperature for the elevated pressure;(c) charging hydrate-forming gas at the elevated pressure into a reaction zone which contains a movable surface;(d) atomizing water in the reaction zone in contact with the hydrate-forming gas to form gas hydrates in the reaction;(e) depositing the gas hydrates on the movable surface; and(f) collecting the gas hydrates from the movable surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for safely, conveniently, and inexpensively liberating gas from gas hydrates includes the use of a device, provided adjacent to or in the bulk gas hydrates, for exposing the gas hydrates to heat from a gas or liquid (preferably steam). The gas hydrates can be directly exposed to the gas or liquid or indirectly exposed through a thermally conductive coil or channel. The heat from the gas or liquid dissociates the gas hydrates into the corresponding gas component and water component. After liberation, the gas component can be collected for further storage, transport, or use. The apparatus further includes a mechanism for moving at least a portion of the gas or liquid through the device for exposing the gas hydrates to heat. The device for exposing the gas hydrates to heat also can be movable, so it can be maintained in close proximity to or in contact with the gas hydrates for continued efficient gasification of the hydrates.

Abstract: This invention describes a process for the scrubbing of sulfur oxides from the effluent of conventional wet lime/limestone SOx reduction processes in coal or oil-fired plants. The sulfur oxides are oxidatively sorbed onto solid sorbents such as magnesium aluminate spinel. Reduction with the appropriate reducing gases (such as hydrogen) regenerates the catalyst, also yielding a process stream concentrated in SOx. This concentrated SOx stream can then be refed to the front end of the coal or oil-fired plants, with the SOx thus produced ultimately being removed in the conventional wet scrubbing technology.

Abstract: A process for integration of an autothermal reforming unit and a cogeneration power plant in which the reforming unit has two communicating fluid beds. The first fluid bed is a reformer reactor containing inorganic metal oxide and which is used to react oxygen and light hydrocarbons at conditions sufficient to produce a mixture of synthesis gas, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The second fluid bed is a combustor-regenerator which receives spent inorganic metal oxide from the first fluid bed and which provides heat to heat the inorganic metal and balance the reaction endotherm, by combusting fuel gas in direct contact with the inorganic metal oxide producing hot flue gas. In preferred embodiments, steam is also fed to the reformer reactor and a catalyst may be used with the inorganic metal oxide.

Abstract: Printable, coated plastic substrates are disclosed. Plastic substrates are preferably films substrates, which when coated with an epoxy coating, optionally containing anti-abrasive particulate, provide excellent wet-scratch resistance and ink gloss. The epoxy coated plastic films are particularly suitable for use as printable labels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of petroleum coke for the manufacture of carbonaceous anodes for the aluminum smelting industry. The inclusion of Group 4 and/or Group 13 metal compounds as additives to the petroleum coker feedstock diminish the oxidizing tendencies of the metal impurities inherent in the petroleum coke.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of preparing dialkylnaphthylenes and polyalkylenenaphthyleneates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene from a feed stream that contains hydrocarbons which contain dimethylnaphthalene isomers. The method includes the following steps:I. distillation and concentration of the dimethylnaphthalene isomers from the feed stream, to form a dimethylnaphthalene fraction,II. isomerization of the dimethylnaphthalene fraction to enrich the dimethylnaphthalene fraction in 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, to form a 2,6-enriched dimethylnaphthalene fraction,III. purification of 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene from the 2,6-enriched dimethylnaphthalene fraction,wherein step II is conducted in the presence of a catalyst composition containing a synthetic zeolite characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern including interplanar d-spacing (.ANG.)12.36.+-.10.411.03.+-.0.28.83.+-.10.146.18.+-.0.126.00.+-.0.104.06.+-.0.073.91.+-.0.013.42.+-.0.06,wherein the purification includes crystallization under pressure.

Abstract: A method and reactor for catalytic hydroprocessing liquid hydrocarbon feedstock at elevated temperatures and pressures for producing a liquid hydrocarbon product involves introducing the feedstock into a reactor having upper and lower reaction zones, each reaction zone having a hydroprocessing catalyst bed therein, the feedstock being introduced at the top of the lower reaction zone for downward flow through and reaction within the catalyst bed therein; collecting a partially reacted liquid effluent from the lower reaction zone; pumping the partially reacted liquid effluent to and introducing it at the top of the upper reaction zone for downward flow through and reaction within the catalyst bed therein; introducing hydrogen gas at the top of the upper reaction zone for flow downwardly and sequentially through and over the catalyst beds in the upper and lower reaction zones in co-current contact with the liquid in the reaction zones, the hydrogen reacting with the liquid in the reaction zones whereby the liqui

Abstract: The invention relates to catalyst compositions for olefin polymerization comprising metallocene complexes and novel cocatalysts belonging to the group of oligoalkylaluminates with sterically hindered alkyl groups, such as a triphenylmethyl group. These cocatalysts are produced by two alternative synthetic methods, either by reacting methylalumoxane with a sterically hindered carbinol such as triphenyl carbinol; or in two-step processes comprising first reacting trimethylaluminum with said carbinol and then reacting the products of the first step with water. Catalyst systems containing these cocatalysts and metallocene complexes are active in polymerization and copolymerization reactions of ethylene and alpha-olefins.

Abstract: A system and a method for transferring cryogenic fluids; e.g. transferring liquefied natural gas (LNG) between an offshore receiving/loading station and an onshore facility. The flowline system which can be submerged in water is comprised of a main transfer conduit which is positioned within an outer jacket and a return conduit which is positioned within the main transfer conduit. The annulus between the jacket and the main conduit is insulated. Both the main conduit and the return conduit include means which allow the respective conduits to expand/contract with temperature changes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nozzle, nozzle assembly, and method of use thereof for atomizing a liquid stream into a flat fan-shaped spray. The nozzle and nozzle assembly are particularly useful for atomizing a hydrocarbon feed into a catalytic cracking zone of a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. The nozzle includes a nozzle tip that has at least three substantially vertical openings extending from the inner surface of the nozzle tip to the outer surface of the nozzle tip. The openings are angled from 0 degrees to about 75 degrees. The present invention also provides a nozzle assembly containing at least three nozzles of the present invention that are radially mounted around the perimeter of an area to be sprayed.

Abstract: In a synthetic porous crystalline material having the structure of ZSM-5 and a composition involving the molar relationship: X.sub.2 O.sub.3 :(n)YO.sub.2, wherein X is a trivalent element; Y is a tetravalent element; and n is greater than about 12, the crystals have a major dimension of at least about 0.5 micron and surface framework YO.sub.2 /X.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio which is no more than 20% less than the bulk framework YO.sub.2 /X.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio of the crystal. The material is synthesized using an amino-acid as a directing agent.

Abstract: A metallized multilayer film comprising a film substrate having a polymer core layer, e.g., a polypropylene homopolymer (OPP), on at least one surface of which is a polymer skin layer having a lower melting temperature than that of said core layer, the exposed surface of skin layer having been treated, e.g., flame or corona discharge treated, prior to coating to increase its adherence to other materials, the film substrate containing a metal deposit, e.g., aluminum, coated on the treated surface of the polymer skin layers, and a polymeric, low temperature sealable coating (LTSC) comprising a copolymer of about 10 to 35 wt. % of at least one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, e.g., acrylic or methacrylic acid, with about 65 to 90 wt. % of ethylene, an alkyl acrylate or methacrylate, acrylonitrile, or mixtures thereof on the surface of the metal deposit.

Abstract: A process for reducing the mutagenicity of a coal-tar-based product containing polynuclear aromatic compounds. The process includes the step of contacting the coal-tar-based product in the presence of an alkylating agent with an acid catalyst under alkylation conditions sufficient to reduce the mutagenicity of the polynuclear aromatic containing coal-tar-based material to a level less than the initial mutagenicity index value. Also provided are non-carcinogenic coal-tar-derived products.