Abstract: Method for detecting a urinary tract infection (UTI) in a subject comprising determining levels of one or more biomarkers selected from MMP8, HNE, Cystatin C, MMP9, HSA, IL-8, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), fibrinogen, RBP4, active MMP9 and MMP2, NGAL, Desmosine, MPO and CRP in a urine sample obtained from the subject. The determined levels may then be compared with a threshold level, wherein increased levels of at least one of the biomarkers in the urine sample relative to the threshold level is indicative of the presence of a urinary tract infection. Methods for monitoring a UTI and monitoring treatment of a UTI are also provided as are companion systems or test kits.

Abstract: Methods for monitoring inflammation status of a subject comprise determining levels of at least one neutrophil activation marker, or at least three markers, in urine samples taken from the subject at multiple time points, wherein increased levels of the at least one neutrophil activation marker, or at least one of the markers, in a urine sample are indicative of or predictive of an exacerbation of inflammation and/or wherein decreased levels of the at least one neutrophil activation marker, or at least one of the markers, in a urine sample following an increase are indicative or predictive of recovery from, or successful treatment of, an exacerbation of inflammation. Corresponding systems, test kits and computer programs are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detecting cleavage activity of an enzyme. The various aspects of the invention include an enzyme detection device, kit, method and use for detecting or measuring the presence in a test sample of the activity of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate. The invention also relates to indicator and binding molecules useful for carrying out the invention. The enzyme substrate contains a hidden binding site which is only revealed upon cleavage by the enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detecting cleavage activity of an enzyme. The various aspects of the invention include an enzyme detection device, kit, method and use for detecting or measuring the presence in a test sample of the activity of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate. The invention also relates to indicator and binding molecules useful for carrying out the invention. The enzyme substrate contains a hidden binding site which is only revealed upon cleavage by the enzyme.

Abstract: Method for detecting a urinary tract infection (UTI) in a subject comprising determining levels of one or more biomarkers selected from MMP8, HNE, Cystatin C, MMP9, HSA, IL-8, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), fibrinogen, RBP4, active MMP9 and MMP2, NGAL, Desmosine, MPO and CRP in a urine sample obtained from the subject. The determined levels may then be compared with a threshold level, wherein increased levels of at least one of the biomarkers in the urine sample relative to the threshold level is indicative of the presence of a urinary tract infection. Methods for monitoring a UTI and monitoring treatment of a UTI are also provided as are companion systems or test kits.

Abstract: An enzyme detection device (1) for detecting the presence, in a sample, of an enzyme capable of modifying a provided substrate (10). The device (1) comprises a substrate which has a modification region (14) that is sensitive to modification by the enzyme from an unmodified state to a modified state. The device (1) further comprises a substrate recognition molecule (16) which binds the modification region (14) in either the modified or the unmodified state. The modification region 14 of the substrate is preferentially bound by the substrate recognition molecule (16) as compared with the enzyme when mixed. The device further comprises a detectable label (18) coupled to the substrate recognition molecule (17).

Abstract: A method for predicting sepsis or diagnosing systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and/or sepsis in a subject comprises determining levels of at least three markers selected from CCL23, A1AT, CRP, sICAM, PLA2, IL-6, procalcitonin, MMP8, TNFalpha, AcPGP, enzymatic MMP activity, TIMP1, sRAGE and desmosine in a sample taken from the subject. The combined levels of the at least three markers are used to predict or diagnose SIRS and/or sepsis. The methods may be performed on a subject with SIRS and which is used to identify an infection in the subject. A preferred panel of markers includes CCL23, A1AT, sICAM, sICAM/VCAM-1 and CRP. Corresponding products, methods of treatment and medical uses are provided.

Abstract: Described herein is an enzyme detection device for use in the detection of enzyme activity in a test sample. Also provided are indicator molecules for use in the detection of enzyme activity, particularly enzyme cleavage activity, in a test sample, and to methods for detecting the presence of enzyme activity.

Abstract: Described herein is an enzyme detection device for detecting or measuring the presence in a test sample of the activity of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate. Also provided are methods for detecting enzyme activity, in particular the presence in a test sample of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate, and methods for determining the level or amount of such an enzyme in a test sample.

Abstract: A diagnostic test apparatus comprises: an elongate housing defining a test strip holder containing a lateral flow test strip; a fluid sampling chamber provided with an opening connecting the fluid sampling chamber with the test strip holder; a viewing window in the elongate housing allowing reading of one or more portions of the lateral flow test strip; and a connector configured to couple the diagnostic test apparatus to a bulk source of fluid. The apparatus may be included in a kit of parts. The apparatus is useful for detecting peritonitis. The bulk source of fluid may be peritoneal dialysate. Various markers may be determined in the bulk source of fluid such as MMP8, IL-6, HNE, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1, TIMP2, NGAL, A1AT, desmosine, fibrinogen, IL-8, calprotectin, fMLP, IL1b, cystatin C, HSA, RBP4, SPD, MPO, sICAM and TNFa. Detection of the markers to indicate peritonitis may also inform treatment choices.

Abstract: Non-enzymatic approaches to measuring glucose are based on the direct oxidation of glucose using unmodified copper metal electrodes. A potential is applied to a copper measurement/working electrode, which potential is monitored by a separate reference electrode and the current within the system is balanced with a counter electrode. The presence of the ionized glucose in the sample can then be determined electrochemically. Disclosed herein are methods, devices, and test systems which utilise this novel approach.

Abstract: Methods for monitoring inflammation status of a subject comprise determining levels of at least one neutrophil activation marker, or at least three markers, in urine samples taken from the subject at multiple time points, wherein increased levels of the at least one neutrophil activation marker, or at least one of the markers, in a urine sample are indicative of or predictive of an exacerbation of inflammation and/or wherein decreased levels of the at least one neutrophil activation marker, or at least one of the markers, in a urine sample following an increase are indicative or predictive of recovery from, or successful treatment of, an exacerbation of inflammation. Corresponding systems, test kits and computer programs are provided.

Abstract: Methods are provided for determining the presence of an analyte present in a liquid sample involving: contacting the liquid sample with a predetermined amount of an analogue of the analyte and an excess of a first binding moiety, wherein the first binding moiety is capable of binding each of the analyte and the analogue independently; contacting the mixture with a second binding moiety; and determining the level of a signal indicative of the presence of the analogue-first binding moiety complex bound to the second binding moiety, wherein if the level of the signal determined is lower than the level of a maximum signal determined when no analyte is present, then analyte is present in the sample. Corresponding kits are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to indicator molecules containing multiple cleavage sites for use in detecting enzyme cleavage activity. The invention also relates to various applications of these indicator molecules, for example in enzyme detection devices, particularly although not exclusively, devices for use in the detection of enzyme activity in a test sample. The invention also relates to using the indicator molecules in methods for detecting the presence of enzyme activity in a test sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to detecting cleavage activity of an enzyme. The various aspects of the invention include an enzyme detection device, kit, method and use for detecting or measuring the presence in a test sample of the activity of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate. The invention also relates to indicator and binding molecules useful for carrying out the invention. The enzyme substrate contains a hidden binding site which is only revealed upon cleavage by the enzyme.

Abstract: A polypeptide comprising a chromogenic amino acid. The chromogenic amino acid is flanked by at least one amino acid to the N and C termini thereof. The amine group of the chromogenic amino acid has a pKa of less than 5. The chromogenic amino acid is capable of reacting with a conjugated aldehyde. The polypeptide comprises a target sequence for a target protease which is capable of cleaving the peptide bond comprising the amino group of the chromogenic amino acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an enzyme detection device for detecting or measuring the presence in a test sample of the activity of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate. The invention also relates to methods for detecting enzyme activity, in particular the presence in a test sample of an enzyme capable of cleaving a substrate, and methods for determining the level or amount of such an enzyme in a test sample.

Abstract: An enzyme detection product (1) for detecting the presence of an enzyme in a sample. The product (1) comprises: a reaction zone (16) for receiving the sample; a visualization zone (10) for presenting a signal in response to the detection of the activity of the enzyme; and a membrane (11). The membrane (11) is interposable between the reaction zone (16) and the visualization zone (10) and prevents passage from the reaction zone (16) to the visualization zone (10) the components having a size greater than a threshold size. The reaction zone (16) comprises a reactant capable of reacting with the enzyme in order to generate a reaction product having a size less than a threshold size.