Abstract: Copolyester plasticizers useful for the formulation of PVC refrigerator gaskets which exhibit improved resistance to migration and marring and improved processing characteristics are provided. The copolyesters are obtained by reacting an acid component consisting of a mixture of a benzene dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride or methyl ester thereof) and an aliphatic C.sub.5-12 saturated dicarboxylic acid (or methyl ester) with an alcohol component consisting of a mixture of neopentyl glycol and ethylene glycol. An aliphatic C.sub.6-13 saturated monofunctional alcohol or aliphatic C.sub.6-13 saturated monocarboxylic acid terminating agent is also included in the reaction.

Abstract: An improved mist lubrication process whereby excellent lubrication and misting properties are obtained utilizing synthetic ester mist lubricants derived from specific polyol esters, trimellitate esters and dimer diesters and a mixture of polyisobutylene polymers having different molecular weights is provided.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the continuous fermentation of sugar to ethanol in a series of fermentation vessels featuring yeast recycle which is independent of the conditions of fermentation occurring in each vessel at a particular point in time. The process facilitates the management of yeast levels in each fermentation vessel so as to provide an optimum overall rate of ethanol production.

Abstract: Crosslinkable ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer compositions containing silane-treated hydrated inorganic filler are capable of passing the CSA varnish test if an antioxidant composition comprising distearyl-3, 3' thiodiproprionate is admixed therewith.

Abstract: A container is provided with a coating having a frosty appearance comprising an olefin-vinyl ester copolymer the exterior surface of which is hydrolyzed following application of the coating to the exterior surface container. Surface hydrolysis of the olefin-vinyl ester coating significantly improves container-to-container lubricity without appreciably affecting the mechanical properties of the coating.

Abstract: Pigment is finely dispersed in hydrolyzed ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer by subjecting the copolymer to which pigment has previously been added by simple, non-intensive mixing to solution hydrolysis and/or by adding pigment to the solution hydrolysis medium prior to or during hydrolysis of the copolymer therein.

Abstract: New crystalline silicate compositions are prepared from a silica containing mixture which is substantially free of aluminum ions and contains a source of choline by digesting a reaction mixture comprising a choline salt, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, an oxide of silicon, water and, optionally, a Group VIII metal salt with the reaction mixture containing less than about 1000 ppm aluminum. These crystalline silicates exhibit a distinctive X-ray diffraction pattern and have a composition as expressed in terms of its oxides, as follows: ##EQU1## where R is the organic nitrogen-containing cation derived from choline, M is an alkali metal ion, ammonium, hydrogen, a metal cation or mixtures thereof, m is the valence of M, Z is a Group VIII metal cation and z is the valence of said Group VIII metal cation. These crystalline silicates are usefully employed as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversions.

Abstract: A feed containing a sterilie aqueous solution of fermentable sugar and minor amounts of sugar oligomers and/or sugar repolymerizates is continuously converted by fermentation to dilute aqueous ethanol ("beer") in a series of agitated fermentation vessels employing at least two strains of yeast, the first of which provides relatively high rates of conversion of the fermentable sugar to ethanol and the second of which provides relatively high rates of conversion of the sugar oligomers and/or sugar repolymerizates to ethanol.

Abstract: Polymer blends of improved impact strength are prepared by mixing polyvinyl chloride with an impact strength-increasing amount of an vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer which has been pre-blended with an ultrafine particle size inert inorganic filler.

Abstract: Substantially anhydrous, i.e., absolute, ethanol is distilled at high thermal efficiency from a dilute feedstock such as a fermentate ("beer") containing one or more low boiling components whose removal at least in part prior to anhydrous distillation is necessary in order to achieve an acceptable degree of phase separation in a decanter. Most of the low boiling component(s) are removed from the feed in a rectifying column with the balance of the low boiling component(s), insufficient in amount to seriously interfere with proper operation of the decanter, being removed from the system employing a light-ends column. Both the anhydrous column and the light-ends column are operated at substantially superatmospheric pressure with thermal values recovered from these columns being used in the operation of the rectifying column.

Abstract: A container having a dual-neck configuration providing inner and outer seals for reactive or volatile materials stored therein. An inner cylindrical neck provides the inner seal, and is surrounded by an outer neck providing the outer seal. Inner and outer caps are threaded onto the respective inner and outer necks, and each cap is provided with an elastomeric liner. The inner cap is further provided with an axial bore to allow a hollow needle to pass therethrough, thereby enabling material within the container to be withdrawn through the needle, and the inner elastomeric seal reseals itself after withdrawal of the needle.

Abstract: Ethanol is recovered from a dilute aqueous stream thereof by contacting said stream with crosslinked polyvinylpyridine resin or nuclear substituted derivative thereof to effect selective sorption of the ethanol by said resin. Sorbed ethanol is thereafter removed from the resin by stripping with an inert gas such as carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2-butenolide, a useful product for the manufacture of gamma-butyrolactone, is disclosed which comprises reacting furan with oxygen in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide containing titanium, boron and molybdenum.

Abstract: A mixture of gamma-butyrolactone and butenolide is obtained by reacting 1,3-butadiene with oxygen in the vapor phase at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a mixed metal oxide containing boron, molybdenum and titanium values.

Abstract: An aqueous starch slurry is hydrolyzed in sequential liquefication and saccharification steps to provide saccharified starch containing from about 60 to about 80 weight percent of fermentable sugar based on the weight of the original starch present. Further saccharification is carried out either in one or more fermentation vessels wherein conversion of the sugar to ethanol simultaneously takes place or in one or more additional saccharification vessels.

Abstract: Alkanoic acids containing largely the alpha-methyl isomers thereof, and/or the corresponding esters, are prepared by reacting an alpha-olefin, carbon monoxide and water and/or a monoalkanol in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst composition comprising (i) a zero-valent Group VIII metal or metal alloy in which the Group VIII metal is the major component by weight thereof, (ii) an aryl ligand selected from the group consisting of arylarsine, arylstibine and arylbismuthine and (iii) a Lewis acid and/or hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: Radiation crosslinked compositions containing copolymers of ethylene and a vinyl ester or an acrylate, a hydrated inorganic filler, a higher concentration of silane than employed heretofore and a lubricant of lauric acid and ethylene-bis-stearamide exhibit physical strength properties substantially similar to a chemically crosslinked counterpart.

Abstract: Ultraviolet radiation and impact resistant thermoplastic blends are provided which comprise:(a) a polymer triblend comprising:i. from about 5 parts per hundred (pph) to about 40 pph of at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate containing from about 25 percent to about 75 percent vinyl acetate and a terpolymer of ethylene, vinyl acetate and the theoretical monomer vinyl alcohol containing from about 20 percent to about 80 percent ethylene, from about 18 percent to about 60 percent vinyl acetate and from about 2 percent to about 20 percent vinyl alcohol;ii. from about 50 pph to about 95 pph of a copolymer of styrene and acrylonitrile containing from about 15 percent to about 40 percent acrylonitrile;iii. from about 0.1 pph to about 40 pph of a chlorine-containing polymer such as chlorinated polyethylene or polyvinylchloride; and(b) from about 2 to about 40 pph titania particulate.

Abstract: A thermally efficient process for recovering ethanol present in dilute aqueous solution is disclosed which comprises contacting said dilute aqueous ethanol solution with at least one inert extractant which is liquid at ambient temperature and pressure, said extractant being selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted and substituted cyclic secondary amines and unsubstituted and substituted aromatic cyclic amines having a distribution coefficient of at least about 0.70 or a separation factor of at least about 1.0.

Abstract: A synergistic stabilizer combination is provided for use in improving the resistance of polymers, such as olefin polymers and copolymers, to deterioration in physical properties upon exposure to heat. The stabilizer combination contains a quinoline compound, a diamine compound and a magnesium compound in correlated amounts. In addition, olefin polymer compositions such as an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer composition containing the synergistic stabilizer combination and a method for preparing the compositions are provided.