Abstract: A magnesium alloy of the present invention has a structure, comprising: 0.5-2.0 wt % of Zn; 0.3-0.8 wt % of Ca; at least 0.2 wt % of Zr; and the remainder comprising Mg and unavoidable impurities, wherein a nanometer-sized precipitate comprising Mg, Ca and Zn dispersed on the (0001) plane of a magnesium matrix, thereby achieving both formability and strength in a range of temperatures including room temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a precursor of a current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive element having a laminated structure of ferromagnetic metal layer/nonmagnetic metal layer/ferromagnetic metal layer, the precursor having a nonmagnetic intermediate layer containing a non-magnetic metal and an oxide in a predetermined ratio such that the distribution thereof is nearly uniform at the atomic level. Also provided is a current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive element having a current-confinement structure (CCP) which has: a current confinement structure region made of a conductive alloy and obtained by heat-treating a laminated structure of a ferromagnetic metal layer and a nonmagnetic intermediate layer at a predetermined temperature; and a high-resistance metal alloy region containing an oxide and surrounding the current confinement structure region.

Abstract: A phosphor in which an element represented by R? is solid-solutionized in a phosphor host crystal represented by M?(L, A)?X?, wherein M is at least one type of element selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn, L is at least one type of element selected from Li, Na and K, A is at least one type of element selected from Al, Ga, B, In, Sc, Y, La and Si, X is at least one type of element selected from O, N, F and Cl (where all of X being N is excluded), R is at least one type of element selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho and Yb, ?, ?, ? and ? satisfy ?+?+?+?=9, 0.00<??1.30, 3.70???4.30, 3.70???4.30, and 0.00<??1.30.

Abstract: Provided is a sensor which enables detection/identification of various types of fuels for automobiles by using simple devices. According to the present invention, high-octane gas, regular gas, diesel oil, heating oil, gasoline laced with heating oil, and the like can be clearly identified without using a large-scale analysis such as gas chromatography or mass spectroscopy by using a sensor having a structure in which a surface of a sensor body which detects a surface stress or the like is coated with particles modified with a hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group.

Abstract: Single crystals of a new noncentrosymmetric polar oxysulfide SrZn2S2O (s.g. Pmn21) grown in a eutectic KF-KCl flux with unusual wurtzite-like slabs consisting of close-packed corrugated double layers of ZnS3O tetrahedra vertically separated from each other by Sr atoms and methods of making same.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon-based cross-linked membrane used for the proton exchange membrane of a fuel cell, containing a cross-linked composite mediated by the sulfonate groups of SPPSU and SPOSS. Where SPPSU is represented by formula (I), where a, b, c, and d are each independently an integer of 0-4, and the total of a, b, c, and d is a rational number greater than 1 in terms of the average per repeating unit, and SPOSS is represented by formula (II), where each R is independently a hydrogen, a hydroxyl group, a straight or branched C1-20 alkyl or alkoxyl group optionally containing a substituent, or any of the above-mentioned structures, each e is independently an integer of 0-2 for R, x is an integer of 1-20, and the total number of sulfonate groups is a rational number greater than 2 in terms of the average per molecule.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an emitter that is made of hafnium carbide (Hf) and that releases electrons in a stable and highly efficient manner, a method for manufacturing the emitter, and an electron gun and electronic device in which the emitter is used. In this nanowire-equipped emitter, the nanowires are made of hafnium carbide (HfC) single crystal, the longitudinal direction of the nanowires match the <100> crystal direction of the hafnium carbide single crystal, and the end part of the nanowires through which electrons are to be released comprise the (200) face and the {310} face of the hafnium carbide single crystal, with the (200) face being the center and the {311} face surrounding the (200) face.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a crosslinked film and a hydrocarbon-based proton conducting solid electrolyte having a proton conductivity equal to that of a perfluorosulfonate ion exchange polymer. Disclosed as a means for solving this problem is a proton conducting polymer electrolyte which is composed of a sulfonated polyphenyl compound having a plurality of repeating units, and wherein two or more (for example, four or six) sulfonic groups are introduced into one repeating unit on average. The sulfonated polyphenyl compound may be a polymer or copolymer having a skeleton structure selected from among a polyaryl sulfide, a polyaryl ether, a polyarylsulfone, a polyarylketone and a polyaryl hexafluoroisopropylidene. A proton conducting solid polymer electrolyte membrane is able to be produced by shaping this proton conducting polymer electrolyte into a film form and crosslinking this proton conducting polymer electrolyte via sulfonic groups.

Abstract: Provided is a thermoelectric material having an intermetallic compound in an Al—Fe—Si system as a main component, exhibiting a thermoelectric effect in a temperature range from a room temperature to 600° C., and becoming a p-type or n-type thermoelectric material by a composition control, a manufacturing method thereof, and a thermoelectric power generation module thereof. A thermoelectric material according to the present invention including at least Al, Fe, and Si and represented by a general formula of Al22+p?qFe38.5+3qSi49.5?p?2q (where p satisfies 0?p?16.5 and q satisfies ?0.34?q?0.34) and including a phase represented by Al2Fe3Si3 as a main phase.

Abstract: A phosphor-containing member includes a transparent member, and a plurality of granular single crystal phosphors dispersed in the transparent member. Each of the plurality of granular single crystal phosphors includes a YAG crystal as a mother crystal. The plurality of granular single crystal phosphors are prepared by crushing the YAG crystal. The YAG crystal has a composition represented by a formula of Y3-x-yGdxCeyAl5O12-w (0.03?x?0.2, 0.003?y?0.2, ?0.2?w?0.2). Reduction of fluorescence intensity of the phosphors is less than 3% when an excitation light wavelength is 460 nm and a temperature is increased from 25° C. to 100° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a perpendicularly magnetized film structure exhibiting high interface-induced magnetic anisotropy by utilizing a combination of an alloy comprising Fe as a main component and MgAl2O4 as a basic configuration.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to measure a size of a liquid droplet easily and in a short period of time by combining outputs of multiple types of liquid droplet detectors having different size dependencies of a liquid droplet of detection signals. In one embodiment of the present invention, in the detector having a narrow gap width shown in FIG. 5(a), the electrodes are electrically conducted by the attachment of a small liquid droplet. On the other hand, in the detectors with a wide gap width shown in FIGS. 5(b) and 5(c), the electrodes are not electrically conducted unless a liquid droplet having a larger size is attached. By utilizing this, the size of a liquid droplet is determined. In a case where the liquid droplet is water, as a liquid droplet detector, for example, a detector of a type that detects a galvanic current by a cell formed by the attachment of water between the electrodes made of different kinds of metals may be used.

Abstract: Disclosed is a perpendicularly magnetized film structure using a highly heat resistant underlayer film on which a cubic or tetragonal perpendicularly magnetized film can grow, comprising a substrate of a cubic single crystal substrate having a (001) plane or a substrate having a cubic oriented film that grows to have the (001) plane; an underlayer formed on the substrate from a thin film of a metal having an hcp structure in which the [0001] direction of the thin metal film forms an angle in the range of 42° to 54° with respect to the <001> direction or the (001) orientation of the substrate; and a perpendicularly magnetized layer located on the metal underlayer and formed from a cubic material selected from a Co-based Heusler alloy and a cobalt-iron (CoFe) alloy having a bcc structure a constituent material, and grown to have the (001) plane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oxidation-induced highly-functional self-healing ceramic composition, a method for producing the ceramic composition, a use of the ceramic composition and a method for achieving the enhancement of the functionality of the ceramic composition, by focusing on a repairing stage and a remodeling state in a self-healing process and by carrying out elemental and structural designing of an oxidation-induced self-healing ceramic composition for the purpose of speeding up these stages.

Abstract: Provided are a light-emitting instrument, and an image display device utilizing an AlON phosphor and having wide color gamut. The light-emitting instrument includes an emission source emitting light having a wavelength from 410 nm to 470 nm and a phosphor or a light-transmitting body where the phosphor is dispersed, and the phosphor includes an inorganic compound where an AlON crystal, an AlON solid solution crystal, or an inorganic crystal having a crystal structure identical to AlON includes at least Mn, an A element (a monovalent metal element) it necessary, a D element (a divalent metal element) if necessary, an E element (a monovalent anion) if necessary, and a G element (one or more elements other than Mn, the A, Al, O, N, the D, or the E) if necessary, and emits fluorescence having a peak wavelength from 515 nm to 541 nm upon irradiation of an excitation source.

Abstract: Provided is an orientation agent for NMR spectroscopy containing a nanosheet which is easy to prepare, excellent in handleability, economic efficiency and versatility, and is capable of being stably aligned to the magnetic field. The nanosheet is coated with a compound having a molecular weight of 1,500 or more and containing 35 or more functional groups per molecule, said functional groups being composed of at least one selected from a hydroxy group, an amino group, an amide group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a phosphate group, an imidazole group and a guanidine group.

Abstract: To provide a key monocrystalline magnetoresistance element necessary for accomplishing mass production and cost reduction for applying a monocrystalline giant magnetoresistance element using a Heusler alloy to practical devices. A monocrystalline magnetoresistance element of the present invention includes a silicon substrate 11, a base layer 12 having a B2 structure laminated on the silicon substrate 11, a first non-magnetic layer 13 laminated on the base layer 12 having a B2 structure, and a giant magnetoresistance effect layer 17 having at least one laminate layer including a lower ferromagnetic layer 14, an upper ferromagnetic layer 16, and a second non-magnetic layer 15 disposed between the lower ferromagnetic layer 14 and the upper ferromagnetic layer 16.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a small-sized dryness/wetness responsive sensor that detects a galvanic current with a high sensitivity as a principle of operation. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a dryness/wetness responsive sensor comprises a thin wire made of a first metal and a thin wire made of a second metal, the second metal is different from the first metal, the thin wire of the first metal and the thin wire of the second metal are disposed in juxtaposition with each other on an insulating substrate, and a surface state of a part between the thin wire of the first metal and the thin wire of the second metal is hydrophilic or hydrophobic.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nanomechanical sensor in which a negative influence of water in a sample on measurement is suppressed. In an embodiment of the present invention, as a receptor material of the nanomechanical sensor, a low-hygroscopic material such as polysulfone, polycaprolactone, poly(vinylidene fluoride), or poly(4-methylstyrene) is used. According to this embodiment, a negative influence, such as saturation of a receptor layer by water in the sample, or masking of an output signal based on trace components by an output signal based on water contained in the sample in a large amount, can be suppressed.

Abstract: Provided is a nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membrane made of a hard carbon film that has oil resistance and can efficiently separate not only ions in water but also dye molecules present in an organic solvent, a filtering filter, a two-layer-bonded-type filtering filter, and methods for manufacturing the same, using a nanofiltration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membrane (10) made of a hard carbon film characterized by being made of a hard carbon film, having a thickness (t10) of from 5 nm to 300 nm, and having a maximum pore diameter of less than 0.86 nm.