Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to electrode layers of ion insertion type batteries and to electrode layer materials, wherein the electrode layer materials have a good electronic conductivity and a good ion conductivity, and wherein the electrode layers offer a good rate performance and a high storage capacity. The disclosed technology further relates to ion insertion type battery cells and batteries including such electrode layers, e.g., as an anode. The disclosed technology further relates to methods of forming such electrode layers and to methods for fabricating ion insertion type battery cells and batteries. The electrode layers according to the disclosed technology comprise titanium oxide comprising chlorine and may be deposited by atomic layer deposition at temperatures lower than 150° C.