Abstract: Significant and aggregate user authentication activity may be analyzed across a population of users and computers in one or more networks to differentiate between authorized users and intruders in a network, and/or to detect inappropriate behavior by otherwise authorized users. Dynamic graphs and graph models over user and computer authentication activity, including time-constrained models, may be used for the purposes of profiling and analyzing user behavior in computer networks. More specifically, an edge-based breadth first search of graphs may be used that enforces time-constraints while maintaining traditional breadth first search computational complexity equivalence.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method to treat conditions, including bacterial infections and cancer, using a photosensitive compound that, upon exposure to white light, can be activated. The photosensitive compound can also interact synergistically with antibiotics used concomitantly to kill drug-resistant bacteria. The photosensitive compounds can also be used to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing the total dissolved solids of a solution includes a unit having at least two chambers; a respective semi-permeable membrane arrangement disposed between each of the at least two chambers; a device for introducing respective solutions into, and withdrawing solutions from, the chambers; and at least one paddle disposed in each of said chambers. The paddles are configured to sweep opposite sides of each of the semi-permeable membrane arrangements. A device provides relative movement between the paddles and the semi-permeable arrangements.

Abstract: Significant and aggregate user authentication activity may be analyzed across a population of users and computers in one or more networks to differentiate between authorized users and intruders in a network, and/or to detect inappropriate behavior by otherwise authorized users. Dynamic graphs and graph models over user and computer authentication activity, including time-constrained models, may be used for the purposes of profiling and analyzing user behavior in computer networks. More specifically, an edge-based breadth first search of graphs may be used that enforces time-constraints while maintaining traditional breadth first search computational complexity equivalence.

Abstract: A method of producing a multi-microchannel, flow-through element, including the steps of providing a body of material, and producing multiple microchannels within the body, wherein the microchannels extend through the body to produce a multi-microchannel, flow-through element. Such an element can be used as a micromixer, a sensor element, a filter, a fuel element or a chromatographic element.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for reducing the total dissolved solids of a solution, a feed solution is conveyed to at least one first chamber of a unit, and a draw solution is conveyed to at least one second chamber thereof. A semi-permeable member arrangement is disposed between the chambers. The draw solution has a greater molar concentration than does the feed solution. Solvent from the feed solution is drawn through the membrane arrangement into the draw solution, reducing the solute concentration of the draw solution and increasing the solid concentration of the feed solution. Paddles provide continuous sweeping of opposite external surfaces of the membranes to reduce solute depositions on the surface facing the feed solution chamber, and to remove liquid permeate molecules from that external surface of the membranes that faces a draw solution chamber.

Abstract: A compound having the Formula as follows: wherein R, R1 and R2 are selected from hydrogen, aryl, fused aryl, heteroaryl, saturated carbocylclic, partially saturated carbocyclic, saturated heterocyclic, partially saturated heterocyclic, C1-10 alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, alkenylalkyl, alkynylalkyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, nitroalkyl, cyanoalkyl, acetamidoalkyl, and acyloxyalkyl. A process for the preparation thereof is also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for removing biological pathogens using surfactant-modified zeolite (SMZ). A method for removing biological pathogens from a fluid or a fluid-based gel includes filtering the fluid or fluid-based gel using SMZs. A method for removing air-borne biological pathogens includes drawing air through a fluid layer or a fluid-based gel layer and filtering the fluid or the fluid-based gel layer using SMZs.

Abstract: A downhole jet pump wherein pressurized gas from an outside portion of a string of tubing is directed through a nozzle having a venturi which causes fluids to be sucked from an outside portion of the string of tubing and ejected through an inside portion of the sting of tubing.

Abstract: A method of providing an essential oil extract of capsicum, and the extract itself, are provided. The extract contains capsaicinoid and terpene. Capsicum from which seeds and stems have been removed is mixed, in powder form, with a solvent, especially pentane, to dissolve at least some of the capsicum. During or after the mixing step, the liquid solution of capsicum in the solvent is brought to a temperature of less than or equal to 64° C. to significantly reduce the solvent content thereof and produce an essential oil extract that contains capsaicinoid and terpene, especially in the naturally occurring ratio thereof.

Abstract: A method of providing an essential oil extract of capsicum, and the extract itself, are provided. The extract contains capsaicinoid and terpene. Capsicum from which seeds and stems have been removed is mixed, in powder form, with a solvent, especially pentane, to dissolve at least some of the capsicum. During or after the mixing step, the liquid solution of capsicum in the solvent is brought to a temperature of less than or equal to 64° C. to significantly reduce the solvent content thereof and produce an essential oil extract that contains capsaicinoid and terpene, especially in the naturally occurring ratio thereof.

Abstract: An electrolysis process is provided which comprises carrying out the process in an electrolyte that comprises an alkali metal halide and a strontium halide. The process can be carried out at a current density in the range of from about 7 to about 10 kA/m2.

Abstract: A method is provided for anodically bonding glass and semiconducting material. A glass sample is immersed in a molten salt bath for a fixed period of time to modify the surface of the glass sample via ion exchange. The salt is a lithium salt or a proton source. After the glass sample is removed from the salt bath, the glass sample and semiconducting material are placed onto one another, and are then heated to a temperature of between 100° C. and 500° C. While at this temperature, a potential is applied across the glass and semiconducting material for a fixed period of time to effect anodic bonding together of the glass and semiconducting material.

Abstract: A method is provided for anodically bonding glass and semiconducting material. A glass sample is immersed in a molten salt bath for a fixed period of time to modify the surface of the glass sample via ion exchange. The salt is a lithium salt or a proton source. After the glass sample is removed from the salt bath, the glass sample and semiconducting material are placed onto one another, and are then heated to a temperature of between 100° C. and 500° C. While at this temperature, a potential is applied across the glass and semiconducting material for a fixed period of time to effect anodic bonding together of the glass and semiconducting material.

Abstract: A heat-conducting support for a round or curved bottom vessel is provided. The support comprises a metallic unit having an inner portion, an outer portion, and a base that is adapted to be placed on a heating element. The inner portion is concavely curved to complement the shape of and support a vessel having a round or curved bottom. The outer portion adjoins the inner portion at an upper location remote from the curved bottom of the inner portion. The outer portion extends away from the upper location of the inner portion and toward the base, with which it merges.

Abstract: A method of providing an essential oil extract of capsicum, and the extract itself, are provided. The extract contains capsaicinoid and terpene. Capsicum from which seeds and stems have been removed is mixed, in powder form, with a solvent, especially pentane, to dissolve at least some of the capsicum. During or after the mixing step, the liquid solution of capsicum in the solvent is brought to a temperature of less than or equal to 64° C. to significantly reduce the solvent content thereof and produce an essential oil extract that contains capsaicinoid and terpene, especially in the naturally occurring ratio thereof.

Abstract: A spill containment system for storage tanks, flow devices, and the like, and a containment system for spilled light non-aqueous phase liquid are provided. The spill containment system comprises a liner for receiving and containing liquid that spills, as well as a withdrawal tube that sealingly extends into the liner at a high point thereof. An alternative spill containment system comprises two liner portions, one about a storage tank and another about a flow device leading, for example, to a furnace. A withdrawal tube extends to a low point of the first liner portion. The containment system comprises a trench, filled for example with low capillarity medium, for at least partially surrounding an area where light non-aqueous phase liquid is stored or may migrate to. A liner is disposed over the top of the trench and along at least a portion of one side thereof. At least one withdrawal tube sealingly extends through the liner at a high point thereof and into the trench.

Abstract: A non-lethal projectile and a method of igniting the same are provided. A propulsion charge acts on a base portion of a casing of the projectile and is ignitible from a launcher for launching the projectile therefrom. An initiator is disposed in the casing, with a combination timing and firing mechanism that is also disposed in the casing initiating the initiator. A dispersal charge is disposed in the casing and is ignitable by the initiator. Such dispersal charge is electronic subsequent to launching the projecting and prior to the projectile reaching a target area.

Abstract: A method of producing a pollutant adsorption and degradation article, and such article, are provided. At least one adsorbent is mixed with at least one pollutant transforming agent to form a mixture. This mixture is compacted to form a porous, highly permeable article. If necessary, the article can be modified with surfactant either after the compacting step or by adding the surfactant to the mixture prior to the compacting step. In addition, if necessary, a binding agent can be added to the mixture prior to the compacting step.

Abstract: A spill containment system for storage tanks, flow devices, and the like, and a containment system for spilled light non-aqueous phase liquid are provided. The spill containment system comprises a liner for receiving and containing liquid that spills, as well as a withdrawal tube that sealingly extends into the liner at a high point thereof. The containment system comprises a trench, filled for example with low capillarity medium, for at least partially surrounding an area where light non-aqueous phase liquid is stored or may migrate to. A liner is disposed over the top of the trench and along at least a portion of one side thereof. At least one withdrawal tube sealingly extends through the liner at a high point thereof and into the trench.