Abstract: In the evaluation of the randomness of an S-box, measures of resistance to higher order cryptanalysis, interpolation cryptanalysis, partitioning cryptanalysis and differential-linear cryptanalysis and necessary conditions for those measures to have resistance to each cryptanalysis are set, then for functions as candidates for the S-box, it is evaluated whether one or all of the conditions are satisfied, and those of the candidate functions for which one or all of the conditions are satisfied are selected as required. It is also possible to further evaluate the resistance of such selected functions to at least one of differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis and select those of the candidate functions which are resistant to at least one of the cryptanalyses as required.

Abstract: A feedback path (307) is formed between an output (310c) of a fixed divider (305) and a control terminal (310b) of an inverting/noninverting unit (304). A connection device (306) is arranged on the feedback path (307). The feedback path (307) is connected/disconnected according to the level of the control signal M from outside, thereby switching the number of divisions. The delay time of the signal given to the input terminal (310a) of the inverting/noninverting unit (304) to pass through the feedback path (307) and return to the control terminal (310b) is set greater than the pulse width of the input clock signal. A small pulse input invalidating function is provided in the fixed divider (305). Alternatively, a small pulse output prohibiting function is provided in the inverting/noninverting unit (304).

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell which includes a substrate having therein a plurality of gas supply passages and a plurality of gas return passages. The gas supply passages have inlet ports on a surface of the substrate and the gas return passages have outlet ports on the same surface of the substrate. A header is interposed between the gas supply and gas return passages so that gas enters the header from the gas supply passages and then enters the gas return passages. The flow rate of the gas in the gas supply passages is less than the flow rate of the gas in the gas return passages. A solid electrolyte is formed on a first surface of the substrate, an electrode is formed on the solid electrolyte, and an interconnector is formed on a second surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In a photomask inspecting method, a photomask is inspected on the basis of the difference between the polarized state of elliptical light produced upon superposition of two linearly polarized light beams having orthogonal polarization directions and passing through two different optical paths and the polarized state of elliptical light produced when two linearly polarized light beams are superposed on each other after a target portion of a photomask is set in the optical path of one of the linearly polarized light beams. A photomask inspecting apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a photomask inspecting method, a photomask is inspected on the basis of the difference between the polarized state of elliptical light produced upon superposition of two linearly polarized light beams having orthogonal polarization directions and passing through two different optical paths and the polarized state of elliptical light produced when two linearly polarized light beams are superposed on each other after a target portion of a photomask is set in the optical path of one of the linearly polarized light beams. A photomask inspecting apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical fiber connector for splicing a plurality of optical fibers integrally, including V-groove substrates each comprising V-grooves for setting optical fibers therein. Further, positioning standard surfaces arranged in parallel with a V-groove forming direction are formed in the substrates to enable stacking of the substrates on the basis of the positioning standard surfaces.

Abstract: A system for monitoring an ATM cross-connecting apparatus by rewriting a VPI conversion table to various values, inputting a test cell, and examining the test cell after the test cell passes through the ATM cross-connecting apparatus. Entries of a VPI conversion table are accompanied by traffic flags indicating whether or not the corresponding entry is occupied for use for user's signals. First, the traffic flags are examined. Each entry not occupied for user's signals can be freely rewritten. Each entry occupied for user's signals is not rewritten. The examination of the test cell is carried out by comparing the test cell output from the ATM cross-connecting apparatus, with a reference cell which is expected from a normal operation of the ATM cross-connecting apparatus. The virtual path identifier converted in the ATM cross-connecting apparatus and contained in the output test cell, is expected corresponding to the above rewriting operations, and is contained in the reference cell.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing an integrated electronic device wherein the integrated electronic device to be tested is placed on a sample table. A predetermined position of the integrated electronic device is irradiated with the primary charged beam. A substrate current flowing through a substrate of the integrated electronic device is measured upon radiation of the primary charged beam, and then a potential of the predetermined position irradiated with the primary charged beam is nondestructively measured in accordance with secondary electrons emitted from the predetermined position. A function of the integrated electronic device is evaluated in accordance with the substrate current and the predetermined position potential. The function to be evaluated includes leakage characteristics and a capacitance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing an integrated electronic device wherein the integrated electronic device to be tested is placed on a sample table. A predetermined position of the integrated electronic device is irradiated with the primary charged beam. A substrate current flowing through a substrate of the integrated electronic device is measured upon radiation of the primary charged beam, and then a potential of the predetermined position irradiated with the primary charged beam is nondestructively measured in accordance with secondary electrons emitted from the predetermined position. A function of the integrated electronic device is evaluated in accordance with the substrate current and the predetermined position potential. The function to be evaluated include leakage characteristics and a capacitance.

Abstract: An optical transmission fiber comprising (1) a core of high refractive index composed of SiO.sub.2 -based glass containing at least one of GeO.sub.2, As.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.5, SnO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, PbO and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, (2) a clad of low refractive index composed of SiO.sub.2 -based glass containing at least one of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, F, F/B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and F/P.sub.2 O.sub.5, and (3) an outermost jacket layer composed of SiO.sub.2 and/or SiO.sub.2 -based glass containing at least one of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 and HfO.sub.2.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable comprising a core which comprises at least two filaments stranded, at least one optical fiber stranded around the core and a jacket around the optical fiber, wherein the strand pitch of the filaments of the core is greater than that of the optical fiber, in which the optical fiber contained is free from elongation strain when the cable is stretched.

Abstract: A pair of V-shaped slot blocks mounted movably on a base in both the X and Y directions and a microscope for observing the opposed state of optical fibers contained on the blocks, are provided in an apparatus for fusion splicing optical fibers. The microscope is mounted movably in the X and Y directions under a base, thereby observing the opposed states of the optical fibers from below.

Abstract: An apparatus for pulling a single crystal by CZ method or LEC method is improved. To this end, the heater for heating the inside of the furnace is divided at least in the vicinity of the solid-liquid interface into at least two heaters. Using this apparatus, a single crystal with a decreased dislocation density can be obtained.

Abstract: An electrical connector having contact elements, for mounting a leadless circuit board to a mother board. Each contact element is provided with a projection laterally projecting therefrom which engages with the lower opening edge of a through-hole of the mother board to maintain the connector in contact with the surface of the mother board. Connector apertures are arranged to a zigzag pattern to form first and second rows, and the contact elements are inserted in the apertures of the first and second rows with reversed orientation.

Abstract: A speech signal processing system in which the correlation is removed from the sample values of a speech waveform supplied to an inverse-filter for obtaining sample values of a prediction residual waveform, phase-equalizing filter coefficients are determined to have phase-characteristic inverse to that of the prediction residual waveform at each pitch position of the speech waveform, the phase-equalizing filter coefficients are set as filter coefficients of the phase-equalizing filter, and the speech waveform or the prediction residual waveform is passed through the phase-equalizing filter, thereby zero-phasing the prediction residual waveform or the prediction residual waveform component in the speech waveform and concentrating energy around the pitch position.

Abstract: A single-polarization single-mode optical fiber comprises a core made of silica glass, a clad surrounding the core and made of silica glass having a smaller index of refraction than the glass comprising the core, a pair of stress applying members symmetrically disposed on the clad and made of silica glass having different thermal expansion coefficient from that of the clad, spacers interposed between the stress applying members and made of silica glass having substantially the same thermal expansion coefficient as the clad, and a jacket surrounding the spacers, stress applying members. The jacket is also made of silica glass and has a smaller expansion coefficient than the stress applying members. The optical fiber of this invention has an excellent polarization preserving characteristic, low loss, long length, and stable characteristics.

Abstract: In a D/A converting apparatus which provides a converted analog signal at its output terminal by selectively yielding one or more currents from one or more current sources in accordance with an input digital signal, the current sources are selectively actuated to output the currents and an error in the current of each selected current source is obtained from the output derived at the output terminal in response to the outputting of the current. From the current error of each current source is computed a final error corresponding to each input digital signal and corrected data corresponding to the final error is stored in a corrected data memory, which is read out by the input digital signal. The output thus read out is converted into an analog signal, whereby a correct converted output is obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus for aligning the centers of the cores of two optical fibers prior to their being fused together for splicing. A pair of supporting members are provided, each of which has a V-shaped recess in which an end of a respective one of the optical fibers is fixed. The supporting members are movable relative to one another in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the optical fibers. A transparent light conducting member forms a bottom portion of the recess of at least one of the supporting members. A photodetector is optically coupled to the light conducting member.

Abstract: A method for producing a glass preform for optical fibers in which fluorine is efficiently incorporated into the preform without incorporation of Fe or Cu. A fine glass particle mass, made primarily of quartz, is converted into transparent glass by heating it in a gas atmosphere containing at least a fluorine-based compound gas and a chlorine-based compound gas. The preferred heating range is 1,100.degree. to 1,400.degree. C.

Abstract: A coated optical fiber comprising an optical fiber; a first layer of a thermoplastic rubber composition which is disposed around the circumference of the optical fiber, has a Young's modulus of 0.1 GPa or less, and is capable of extrusion coating; and a second layer of a thermoplastic resin composition which is disposed around the circumference of the first layer, has a linear expansion coefficient of 1.times.10.sup.-5.degree. C..sup.-1 or less and a Young's modulus of 5 GPa or more, and is capable of extrusion coating. The coated optical fiber has excellent transmission characteristics at low and high temperatures and is inexpensive.