Abstract: A liquid crystal microprism array has a plurality of grooves formed on a surface of a transparent substrate, a plurality of spaces divided by ridges of the grooves, and a plurality of liquid crystal cells placed in the spaces.
Abstract: An industrial compact synchrotron radiation source includes, for the purpose of prolonging lifetime of a charged particle beam, beam absorbers made of a material having a low photodesorption yield and disposed inside a bending section/vacuum chamber at at least positions upon which the synchrotron radiation is irradiated, and electrically conductive beam stabilizers disposed at positions inside the bending section/vacuum chamber which are distant by a predetermined distance from an orbit of the charged particle beam toward the outer circumferential wall of the bending section/vacuum chamber.