Abstract: There is provided a method comprising determining a number of acknowledgment bits allocated to at least one transmit block, the at least one transmit block comprising a plurality of code blocks, allocating each of the plurality of code blocks to a respective code block group, based on the number of acknowledgment bits allocated to the at least one transmit block and the number of the plurality of code blocks, wherein each code block group is associated with one of the number of acknowledgment bits and causing transmission of the acknowledgment bit associated with each respective code block group based on a determined acknowledgement result for the respective code block group.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to communication methods and apparatuses, an access point, stations and a computer readable medium. An embodiment of the method comprises: determining, at an access point and based on determining that a direct link between stations based sensing procedure is triggered, a first station and a second station associated with the sensing procedure; and transmitting, to at least one of the first station and the second station, a sensing performing request for performing the sensing procedure. In this way, target sensing between non-access-point stations is achieved, such that sensing coverage is extended and a sensing effect is improved.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage mediums provide virtual network slicing without duplicating network configuration data (also referred to as network configuration information) on a slice-by-slice basis by maintaining a single physical network datastore including network configuration information for all network entities in the physical network, but generating slice views for respective virtual network slices as needed over time. Methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage mediums also enable configuration of a plurality of virtual network slices sharing a physical network infrastructure.

Abstract: Techniques for dynamically configuring a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) are described. In an example, identification parameters including at least one of a CPE identifier and a network identifier are transmitted to a Cloud Onboarding Server (COS). In response to transmission of the identification parameters, an operator specific configuration corresponding to the identification parameters is received from the COS, where the operator specific configuration is indicative of operational parameters associated with a network operator. The CPE is then configured based on the operator specific parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising obtaining a plurality of previous clock skews, a reported temperature and a reported time, based on the plurality of previous clock skews, the reported temperature and the reported time, obtaining a prediction of the current clock skew, determining a current clock offset based on the predicted current clock skew, determining a clock adjustment based on the current clock offset and the reported time, and determining a corrected time based on the clock adjustment.

Abstract: An antenna system comprising: a ground plane; an antenna radiator separated from and overlapping the ground plane; at least one feed element configured to provide a radio-frequency feed for the antenna radiator; and at least one resonator coupled to the feed element and positioned in a space between the ground plane and the antenna radiator, wherein the antenna radiator is a broadband antenna radiator having a first operational range of frequencies and the resonator is a narrow band resonator having a second range of resonant frequencies that at least partially lie within the first operational range of frequencies.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus including means configured to perform: obtaining a measured channel frequency response, and a measured noise power spectral density for a line of a wired network susceptible to an impairment; deriving, in case of an indication of an impairment present on the line, from the measured channel frequency response and the measured noise power spectral density, a first theoretical noise representation for the line with the impairment and a second theoretical noise representation for the line without the impairment; and determining information indicative of a location of the impairment in the line, by processing the measured noise power spectral density, the first theoretical noise representation, and the second theoretical noise representation with a neural network.

Abstract: In dynamic spectrum sharing between a first radio access type and a second radio access type, information indicating indirectly whether a minimum resources are reserved for downlink reference transmissions of the first radio access type, is used to determine in devices rate matching scheme to be used, or to determine resources which can be used.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting security in a communication system are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting security in a communication system may be configured to support stateful security redundancy in the communication system. Various example embodiments for supporting stateful security redundancy in a communication system may be configured to support stateful security redundancy for a set of client devices based on a set of security nodes arranged in a security redundancy architecture. Various example embodiments for supporting stateful security redundancy for a set of client devices based on a set of security nodes arranged in a security redundancy architecture may be configured to support stateful security redundancy for a client device based on a security redundancy domain including an active security node and one or more standby security nodes.

Abstract: An application specific interface (AA-NAPI) associated with an application for the purpose of controlling the networking aspects of the application session is provided by communication service provider (CSP). Cost model of network service types associated with a specific application type is learned by using the AA-NAPI. For each service-point joining the session, network properties are queried by using the AA-NAPI. During continuous service quality monitoring, upon detection of quality degradation leading to the decision to upgrade session quality, network service-type associated with a specific server-point is changed by using the AA-NAPI. Network specific actions are taken to reconfigure the network so that the requested service type is received by the specific service-point. New network capability is activated to improve network service level by using the AA-NAPI.

Abstract: A method for enabling enable use of multiple active paths for TDM traffic over a packet switched network, comprises: receiving at least two copies of a replicated packet including TDM information via at least two paths through the packet switched network, the at least two copies of the replicated packet including at least a first copy of the replicated packet received via a first of the at least two paths, and a second copy of the replicated packet received via a second of the at least two paths; selecting a copy of the replicated packet from among the at least two copies of the replicated packet; inputting the selected copy of the replicated packet to a jitter buffer; discarding unselected ones of the at least two copies of the replicated packet; and outputting the selected copy of the replicated packet from the jitter buffer to a TDM endpoint device.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting wireless connectivity for automated materials handling (AMH) are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting wireless connectivity for AMH may be configured to support wireless connectivity for AMH devices in an AMH environment (e.g., factory floor, mining environment, or the like). Various example embodiments for supporting wireless connectivity for AMH devices in an AMH environment may be configured to ensure that the AMH devices can maintain reliable connectivity to and communication with a network of the AMH environment.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting safe port removal are presented. Various example embodiments for supporting safe port removal may be configured to support safe port removal for a port of a virtual switch. Various example embodiments for supporting safe port removal for a port of a virtual switch may be configured to support safe removal of the port of the virtual switch such that the port is no longer available for use on the virtual switch. Various example embodiments for supporting safe port removal for a port of a virtual switch may be configured to support safe removal of the port of the virtual switch by performing separate logical and physical shutdowns of the port and performing one or more functions for the port (e.g., rejecting link discovery packets, continuing to handle data packets, and so forth) between the logical and physical shutdowns of the port.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program is described comprising: collecting mobile communication fingerprint data for signals between a user device and a plurality of communication nodes of a mobile communication system; organising the collected data into a feature matrix, wherein the feature matrix includes a user device location associated with each set of fingerprint data; generating a binomial expression of the system based on the collected data; processing the binomial expression (e.g. using a factorisation machine) to generate a reduced dimension binomial expression model; and calculating gradients and updating parameters of the reduced dimensional binomial expression model based on said gradients.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the apparatus includes at least one memory configured to store instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions and cause the apparatus to perform, obtaining, a first parameter indicating a contention situation of a first network including a plurality of virtual network operators, VNOs, as participants; obtaining, a second parameter indicating a historical bandwidth utilization of respective one of the VNOs; determining, based on the first parameter and the second parameter, a first scheduler parameter and/or a first shaper parameter, for being provided to an output of the apparatus, wherein the first scheduler parameter and/or the first shaper parameter is related to allocating bandwidth to the one of the VNOs; transmitting, to a controller of the one of the VNOs, the first scheduler parameter and/or the first shaper parameter.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cryptoprocessor comprising physical unclonable function circuitry comprising at least one physical unclonable function, and at least one processing core configured to process a challenge received from outside the cryptoprocessor by at least deriving a response to the challenge by providing the challenge as input to the physical unclonable function circuitry, using the response as an encryption key to encrypt a second encryption key, and by causing the encrypted second encryption key to be provided to a party which issued the challenge.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: receive (1302) a resource configuration for a first cell group link; receive (1304) a resource configuration for a second cell group link; determine (1306) a mode of operation; and determine a resource type for the first cell group link or the second cell group link based on the resource configuration for the first cell group link, the resource configuration for the second cell group link and the mode of operation.

Abstract: A residential gateway to facilitate network access to a network, comprises at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the residential gateway to: communicate packet data for IP services being provided to an end user device and the network, the end user device having been assigned an IP address based on a first IP prefix assigned to the residential gateway; receive a second IP prefix assigned to the residential gateway; and notify the end user device that the IP address assigned to the end user device is no longer valid based on receipt of the second IP prefix.

Abstract: A network element includes at least one processor and at least one memory. The at least one memory stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the network element to: establish a PFCP session between the residential gateway and a network, the PFCP session hosting a set of forwarding rules for forwarding data traffic, the set of forwarding rules including a classification index referencing a QoS template, the QoS template including a set of traffic classifiers and one or more sets of QoS parameters. The set of traffic classifiers is associated with the classification index, each of the sets of QoS parameters is associated with a respective QoS rule index, and each traffic classifier is associated with a QoS rule index.

Abstract: Systems and methods for flowlet switching using memory instructions. One embodiment is a method of distributing packets over multiple paths. The method includes determining an elapsed time between a packet and a previous packet. The method further includes, in response to determining that the elapsed time is less than an inter-packet gap threshold: retaining a previously selected path value indicated in the flow record, and providing the previously selected path value to the processing thread for transmitting the packet over a previously selected path associated with the previous packet. The method also further includes, in response to determining that the elapsed time is greater than the inter-packet gap threshold: updating the flow record by replacing the previously selected path value with the path value of the selected path of the memory instruction, and providing the path value to the processing thread for transmitting the packet over the selected path.