Abstract: For transmitting delay-critical data in a digital, time division form in an additional channel of a cable television system, the slots of the channel are further divided into smaller mini slots, for the indication of which the same cyclic indication is used as with which the superframes controlling the use of the channel indicate the original slots. A method based on mini slots is compatible with DAVIC 1.0 and 1.1 specifications.

Abstract: A communications system comprises a central unit (101) and terminals (102, 103, 104). It is equipped so as to establish and maintain a signaling connection between the central unit and at least one terminal using one of at least two alternative signaling protocols. To that end it comprises in the central unit a device for indicating to a terminal the signaling protocols supported by the central unit, and a device for setting up via the central unit's network interface a signaling connection between the central unit's signaling unit and the terminal, using a selected signaling protocol. Correspondingly, in the terminal the system comprises a device for indicating to the central unit the signaling protocol supported by the terminal in response to a message sent by the central unit as well as a device for setting up via the terminal's network interface a signaling connection between the terminal's signaling unit and the central unit, using a protocol supported by the terminal.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is used for synchronizing a data stream synchronized with a first clock signal with a second clock signal. It comprises a plurality of parallel latches wherein successive states of the data stream are written cyclically in synchronization with the first clock signal into the parallel latches and wherein the states written into the parallel latches in synchronization with the second clock signal are cyclically read. The apparatus also indicates the validity latch.

Abstract: Information is transmitted to a DVB network (15) as an information stream according to the DVB standards, the information is sent from the information producer (11a) or transmitter to the operator (19) of the DVB network (15) for transmission to the DVB network (15), the information producer (11a) transmits the information to a well-known multicast address in Internet (40) as packets according to the multicast Internet protocol (IP), and an operator (19) receives the multicast IP packets that contain the information from Internet (40). In addition, the invention relates to a device (12) for transmitting information to the DVB network (15), which device (12) has means (41) for receiving the information to be transmitted, means (14) for adding the received information to an information stream to be sent to the DVB network (15) and means (14) for sending the information stream to the DVB network (15) and means (41) for receiving packets according to the multicast Internet protocol.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method for controlling the signal level in a digital receiver, wherein the level of a received analog signal is controlled in an analog control circuit (35), whereafter the level of the analog signal coming from the analog control circuit (35) is controlled in a digital control circuit (34), the analog signal is converted into a digital signal in an A/D converter (13) and the amplification factor of the digital control circuit (34) is adjusted on the basis of the signal level of the digital signal coming from the A/D converter (13). The invention also pertains to an apparatus (30) for controlling signal levels in a digital receiver, said apparatus (30) comprising at least an analog control circuit (35) to control the level of an analog signal and a digital control circuit (34) to control the level of the analog signal produced by the analog control circuit (35).

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of increasing the storage capacity of service information data (SI) in a receiver for digital TV transmissions, such as e.g. in accordance with the MPEG 2 and the DVB standard. The increase takes place to enable keeping a larger quantity of service information data ready for recall, which is used to create the display of an interactive electronic program guide that is shown as an “On Screen Display” (OSD) on the screen. Such a program guide is designed to make the transmission choice easier and to automate the adjustment of the receiver for the desired transmission. The object of the invention is to provide a solution which makes it possible to expand the storage capacity, especially the mentioned cache area, without additional hardware. To achieve the object the unoccupied area of the image memory (MPEG-RAM) is used as a cache area by the video decoder (V-DEC) while graphic displays are shown on the full screen surface as a “Full Screen OSD”.

Abstract: A bus construction (20) for connecting a circuit (14) controlled via a separate control port (26c) to a bus controlled by addressing, in which the signal paths (24a, 24b) connected to the I/O ports (26a, 26b) of the circuit (14) with a separate control port are connected to the corresponding signal paths (23a, 23b) of the bus controlled by addressing by means of switches (22a, 22b).

Abstract: A method for finding out address information of a data source in a data transmission system comprises at least one data transmission stream (TS) for transmitting information on at least one data source preferably in packet form, wherein the packets contain information on which data source they belong to. Further, the method comprises one or more data transmission channels, in which the data transmission streams are conveyed, as well as a name server system for storage of address information of data sources, the address information containing an identification of the data source, such as the title, and information on the data transmission channel to be used for transmission of the data source, and a data receiving device (19). A data transmission connection is formed from the data receiving device (19) to the name server system (22a, 22b, 22c), and the identification of the desired data source is sent in the first form to the name server system (22a, 22b, 22c).

Abstract: The invention relates to a monitor comprising a picture tube and an audio part mounted on a base. The picture tube unit (1) of the monitor includes main sound reproduction elements (6, 7) for the production of sound frequencies deviating from the self-resonant frequency. The base (2) comprises a bass unit which is used to reproduce sound frequencies at the self-resonant frequency. Thus, it is possible to dampen the vibration caused by the self resonant frequencies so that these frequencies do not harmfully interfere with the picture display. The invention is applicable especially in connection with a picture tube operating have a fine pitch shadow mask.

Abstract: In a digital cable television system or a Hybrid-Fiber-Cable (HFC) system at least two control channels (104) of the out-of-band type are arranged to control the same upstream data transmission channel (107), whereby their capacity can be combined in order realize downstream data transmission in parallel with downstream high capacity data transmission. Applied in the DAVIC system the overhead bits (110a, 110b) of the SL-ESF frames (108a, 108b) of the co-ordinated control channels, and the R-bytes (R1a to R8c) of the SL-ESF payload indicating to which channel the control is directed, are made identical.

Abstract: The invention proposes a suspension mount for sound reproduction devices according to the flexural wave principle. Characteristic for such devices is that a panel 10 is provided which must be flexibly attached to a holder 17. The panel 10 is composed of a core layer with a perforated structure, and two cover layers 12 which cover the core layer 11. Since the usual edge borders of conventional loudspeakers must be designed very hard due to the size and weight of the panel 10, the quality of the sound reproduction by such a device is reduced. For that reason the objective of the invention is a suspension mount which avoids the drawbacks of the state of the art. To that end it is proposed to build the suspension mount with the core layer 11 and/or at least one of the cover layers 12. If the core layer 11 itself provides the flexible attachment, it is also possible without any great effort to flexibly attach the panel 10 away from the edge areas.

Abstract: The invention relates to adjusting contrast in television pictures and other natural picture sequences. In the method according to the invention, the pictures of the picture sequence are gathered into histograms which are processed in certain fashion in order to improve contrast in the pictures, whereafter there are formed mapping functions on the basis of the processed histograms, and the pixel values of the pictures in the picture sequence are then altered on the basis of said mapping functions. The histograms are processed so that from each class where the magnitude of values surpasses a given, predetermined limit, there are cut off all values surpassing said limit, which are then redistributed in the histogram, to classes nearest to the class under observation.

Abstract: An OFDM receiver determines (12; 27) the pulse response of a radio channel and locates (13; 14) its starting point, end point and the maximum and its value. The difference between the end point and the starting point gives the length of the pulse response. A guard interval time corresponding to the guard interval separating the OFDM symbols is set (17; 18) in the receiver in such a manner that it covers the most significant components of the pulse response. A slow and monotonous temporal shift of the pulse response between measurement rounds indicates an error in the sampling frequency. The error is corrected (23; 31) in such a manner that the pulse response shift is compensated for.

Abstract: In order to hide an authentication code or signature (101, 402, 504) in an electric signal (100, 400, 401), which consists of data parts with a certain value, certain data parts are selected from the electric signal for processing on the basis of the contents of the authentication code. The value of each data part selected for processing is re-determined by a filter (200, 403, 504), which uses certain other predetermined data parts of the electric signal as input data. For detecting the authentication coding, the signal is filtered with the same filter (403) and those data parts (406) which have their value unchanged after the second filtering are marked. The electric signal can be a file (particularly an image file) or a temporally continuous signal. The device for implementing the method comprises a memory (501, 502) for saving the electric signal and a processing unit (500) for reading the data from the memory and for changing the value of its data parts.

Abstract: For transmitting delay-critical data in a digital, time division form in an additional channel of a cable television system, the slots of the channel are further divided into smaller mini slots, for the indication of which the same cyclic indication is used as with which the superframes controlling the use of the channel indicate the original slots. A method based on mini slots is compatible with DAVIC 1.0 and 1.1 specifications.

Abstract: In a method for realizing carrier wave synchronization in the receptio of a multi-level, two-dimensional modulation signal, the received signal is demodulated by using at least one local oscillator (3) in order to generate the local oscillator frequency. In the method, the local oscillator (3) performs a frequency scanning within the frequency range of the reception; during the frequency scanning, a demodulated signal point system is formed of the received signal by using the frequency generated by the local oscillator (3). Furthermore, the demodulated signal point system in the method is examined in order to determine at which point of time the frequency of the local oscillator is synchronized to the carrier wave frequency of the received modulation signal.

Abstract: In a new circuit arrangement for improving the signal-to-noise ratio, the entire audible frequency spectrum is divided into several abutting frequency channels. Each channel supplies the respective signal part in delayed form to an amplifier with controllable amplification. The amplifier's amplification is adjusted as a function of a comparator, so that when the audio frequency signal is below a threshold value during a specified time, the amplification of the controllable amplifier is gradually decreased to the lowest amplification value. Vice versa, when the useful signal again exceeds the threshold value, the amplification is gradually controlled upward to a maximum value.

Abstract: In an arrangement for the connection of two or more terminals (1, 1') to one subscriber line (3) the terminals (1, 1') are connected to a chain so that the connection from the subscriber line (3) to a terminal (1) is further branched (13) to the next terminal (1'), and the arrangement according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises means (18, 20) to detect whether the terminal (1) and the next terminal (1') are in the operating state or in the idle state; a controllable switch (12, 14) for each terminal (1, 1') connected to the subscriber line (3) in order to connect the corresponding terminal (1, 1') to the subscriber line (3) and disconnect it from the line; and means (18, 20) to independently control the switch (12, 14) corresponding to each terminal (1, 1') depending on which states are detected for the terminals (1, 1'). Thus it is possible, when required, to cut off the current from the subscriber line (3) in order to disconnect the connection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for compensating channel errors in digital data communication in a signal in sampled data form. The method evaluates the phase error of the examined sample on the basis of the phase errors of at least two preceding samples, the estimate being used to compensate the phase error of the examined sample (y.sub.m (n)).

Abstract: In order to adjust the output voltage and output current of a galvanically isolated switched-mode power supply, on the primary side there is formed an auxiliary voltage (15) proportional to the secondary voltage, and said auxiliary voltage is studied by means of a window comparator, so that when the auxiliary voltage is within the reference window, there is applied fixed power adjustment, and when the auxiliary voltage falls outside the reference window (>max, <min), the quantity of electric power fed in by the isolation transformer of the primary side is restricted. Most advantageously the auxiliary voltage is formed by means of an auxiliary coil (12b) contained in the isolation transformer, and the reverse threshold voltages of two zener diodes represent the limit values of the reference window.