Abstract: A method of processing a frame received at a networked device having a port switch and a general-purpose processor. The method can include receiving frame information at the port switch, determining at least one port for the frame, and directing the received frame information based on the determined port(s).

Abstract: A method for allocating orthogonal codes, whereby the product of a number of active users in the system and the average number of sectors servicing each user is determined, and sufficient orthogonal codes are allocated to service the product of F and the optimal number of active users in the system. At least one message is transmitted for reception by at least one mobile station, the message indicating the number of allocated orthogonal codes.

Abstract: A system and method that enables high-speed communications access from a fixed location public terminal. A fixed location public terminal includes a high-speed communications interface. The high-speed communications interface is coupled to one or more data servers via a high-speed communications network. The high-speed communications interface includes one or more data ports enabling one or more data application devices to be connected to the fixed location public terminal. The fixed location public terminal operates as an interface that initiates high-speed communications between the one or more data servers and one or more data application devices. A user places a telephone call to a high-speed data communications provider. The telephone call terminates at a data server that determines a data port address of the fixed location public terminal according to a plain-old-telephone system (POTS) number assigned to the fixed location public terminal.

Abstract: A method and system for managing traffic in multi-carrier wireless communications systems is disclosed in which a paging channel of an overlay carrier frequency cell in the multi-carrier wireless communication system is eliminated. A sync channel of the overlay frequency cell is modified to direct idle mobile units served by the overlay carrier frequency cell to monitor a paging channel of an underlying carrier frequency cell. A traffic allocation algorithm is used to assign a traffic channel carrier frequency to the mobile units.

Abstract: A node on a collision detection protocol based network forces collisions to gain control of the network when it has real time data that needs to be transferred to another node on the network, and then begins transmitting the real time data prior to other nodes gaining control of the network. Each node which has real time data to transfer keeps track of a maximum wait time parameter to determine when the real time data must be transferred to ensure it arrives at a destination on time. As the maximum wait time is approached, the node forces a collision by transmitting even though it senses another node is already transmitting to force the network into a quiet mode. It then starts transmitting the real time data prior to other nodes beginning transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus provides power to a device over a network transmission medium. The apparatus includes a controller which determines if the device can accept power over the network transmission medium, and which outputs a signal if the device can accept power over the network transmission medium. A circuit provides power to the device over the network transmission medium in response to the signal.

Abstract: A free space optical interconnect system having redundant elements of a transmitter and/or receiver and being tolerant to misalignments is provided. The system provides monitoring of a misalignment between the transmitter and receiver, including determining of a direction and amplitude of the misalignment. When the amplitude of the misalignment is exceeding a pre-determined threshold value, the data to be transmitted is re-routed from the element which is misaligned to a redundant element selected along a direction associated with the direction of the misalignment so as to ensure data transmission through the system. In an embodiment of the invention, monitoring of the misalignment and determining of the direction and the amplitude of the misalignment is performed by measuring of a position of a laser spot of a dedicated alignment laser on a dedicated detector.

Abstract: A communications network has a plurality of nodes interconnected by an optical transmission medium. The transmission medium is capable of a carrying a plurality of wavelengths organized into bands. A filter at each node for drops a band associated therewith and passively forwards other bands through the transmission medium. A device is provided at each node for adding a band to the transmission medium. Communication can be established directly between a pair of nodes in the network sharing a common band without the active intervention of any intervening node. This allows the network to be protocol independent. Also, the low losses incurred by the passive filters permit relatively long path lengths without optical amplification.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for maintaining established local calls at an access module in case of change of the call control for a distributed PBX over a communications network, e.g. WAN or LAN, especially an IP network. In accordance with a first main embodiment, the system is composed of one Call Server controlling the call processing of other PBX access modules in a normal situation. These access modules have the ability to operate in Stand Alone or Survival mode if the link to the Call Server is down for any reason. In a second main embodiment, two call servers may be used, an active call server and a hot-standby server. The active call server controls the call processing of the access modules. In case the link between one access module and the active call server fails, the hot-standby Call Server can take over the control of the access module.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a precision hard handoff between two networks is disclosed. The two networks include a first wireless communication system for serving a defined area, such as a campus, at a first frequency and a second wireless communication system adjacent to the first system and operating at a second frequency. A first pilot beacon distributor is positioned at a transition point of the campus for directionally transmitting a first pilot beacon signal into the campus. When a mobile unit operating on the second frequency crosses the transition point into the campus, it receives the first pilot beacon signal and it shifts operation to the first frequency.

Abstract: A system for collecting and aggregating data from network entities for a data consuming application is described. The system includes a data collector layer to receive network flow information from the network entities and to produce records based on the information. The system also includes a flow aggregation layer fed from the data collection layer and coupled to a storage device. The flow aggregation layer receiving records produced by the data collector layer and aggregates received records. The system can also include an equipment interface layer coupled to the data collector layer and a distribution layer to obtain selected information stored in the storage device and to distribute the select information to a requesting, data consuming application.

Abstract: Systems and methods for implementing ABR (available bit rate) flow control in ATM (asynchronous transfer mode switches are provided. A partitioned architecture a featuring standalone ABR processing subsystem advantageously allows components to be changed with little impact on the switch's overal design. Both end-to-end and VS/VD (virtual source/virtual destination) flow control systems are provided as are both configurations for switches which are either standalone or connected to a switching fabric.

Abstract: A system includes a circuit board, a modular connector and an EMI shield. The circuit board includes a groundplane and a groundpad that is electrically coupled to the groundplane. The EMI shield includes a first portion to contact and establish an electrically connection with the modular connector. Another portion of the EMI shield contacts the groundpad to electrically couple the first portion to the groundpad to shunt EMI from the modular connector.

Abstract: A pulse interleaver splits an input pulse train into at least two optical branches (20,22). A first one of the branches (20) carries a first signal, and is terminated with a mirror (24) and a device (26) for manipulating the state of polarization. The reflected signal is re-combined at a combiner (18) with a second signal on a second one of the branches (22). The effective path lengths for the first and second signals between the input and the combiner are selected such that the input pulse train is interleaved with itself thereby providing an output with increased frequency. The mirror (24) and the device for manipulating the state of polarization (26) provide a predetermined relationship between the polarization of pulses in the output pulse train derived from an individual pulse of the input pulse train.

Abstract: An optical amplifier comprises an erbium doped optical fiber (2) and a plurality of optical filtration elements (12) provided at respective positions along the fiber. The wavelength response of each of the optical filtration elements (12) is selected in dependence on the gain response of the optical fiber at the respective position along the fiber, thereby flattening the gain of the amplifier with respect to wavelength over a predetermined bandwidth. This bandwidth may include both the C and L bands.

Abstract: An apparatus for translating a message between a first transmission protocol to a second transmission protocol limits buffer sizes for storing incoming and outcoming message data. To that end, each message has a message size that is no larger than a maximum message size, and the first protocol transports message data with message envelopes having an envelope size that is no larger than a maximum envelope size. The apparatus further includes a first protocol interface for interfacing with first protocol devices that communicate via the first protocol, a second protocol interface for interfacing with second protocol devices that communicate via the second protocol, and control logic that couples the first protocol interface with the second protocol interface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for authenticating routing data in a network. In one embodiment, the described method includes the step of generating routing data that described a topology of the network. The routing data has a length equal to a routing data length. A variable output length (VOL) tag length is selected for the output of a VOL one-way function. The VOL one-way function is performed on the routing data, the routing data length and the adjustable VOL tag length to generate a VOL tag having a length equal to the VOL tag length. In one embodiment, the VOL tag is digitally signed using a private key of the box that generates the VOL tag. The routing data, the routing data length, the adjustable VOL tag length, the VOL tag and the signature are transferred in a packet from a first box, which is the box that generates the VOL tag, to a second box. The second box that receives the packet generates a comparison tag using the VOL one-way function based on data received from the packet.

Abstract: There is a manufacturing limit on how small ceramic coaxial resonators can be produced, which leads to a limit on the frequency of resonance for these resonators. One technique to quadruple the effective frequency of a ceramic coaxial resonator is to couple four resonators into a ring configuration, each of the resonators having an electrical length of 90°. Further, each of the resonators has an amplifier coupled in parallel, these amplifiers having phase shifts approximately equal to 90° and further being controlled by a tuning voltage VTUNE. In operation, four oscillation signals are generated at the same frequency but out-of-phase by a factor of 90°. When combined, the resulting signal is an oscillation signal at four times the frequency of the original oscillation signals. At the same time, one of the oscillation signals used in the combination can be sampled and be used for feedback purposes within a PLL-FS.

Abstract: Mobile stations in communication with several base stations in a cellular CDMA system (as when undergoing soft handoff) do not use the conventional “or of the downs” rule for assessing power control commands from base stations. Mobile stations assess the link quality of the links from the base station. If any base station displays link quality above a predetermined threshold and if that base station is requesting power reduction, power is reduced by a predetermined amount, delta. Otherwise, power is adjusted up or down by an amount less than or equal to delta according to the received power control signals from each base station in conjunction with a weight determined from the signal quality of the link from each base station.

Abstract: The invention provides for a method for transporting a SONET formatted asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) signal and/or a synchronous transfer mode (STM) signal on a line switched ring over a unidirectional path. The SONET formatted ATM signal comprises cells mapped into a STS-Mc or m×STS-1s while the STM signal comprises STS-1s/VTs mapped STS-W. A unidirectional line switched ring is provided for transporting the STM STS-W using a unidirectional path switched protection protocol and the ATM STS-Mc using a unidirectional line switched protection protocol. A ring node comprises input and output ring interfaces, an STS management block, an ATM cell management block, and a non-ATM payload management block. The STS management block routes the traffic to the ATM cell management block and to the non-ATM payload management block, according to the traffic type. The STS management block also provides the UPSR protection for the STS-1s and ULSR protection for the STS-Mc.