Abstract: An abrasive tool includes a steel core having at least one cutting face which is knurled to provide a uniform texture of recesses of predetermined size. A single layer of abrasive grain such as diamond, synthetic diamond, and/or cubic boron nitride having a grit size which is less than the predetermined size of the recesses is brazed onto the cutting face so that the single layer of abrasive grain follows the texture of the cutting face to facilitate coolant and swarf transport for improved tool life, power consumption and workpiece surface finish.

Abstract: Abrasive discs for use with orbital sanders having dust extractor systems are provided in which the discs are adapted for use with orbital sanders having different patterns and numbers of dust extractor holes.

Abstract: A coated abrasive comprising maker and size coats with improved color stability is obtained by the use of a bisphenol/formaldehyde resin binder in either the maker or, more preferably, the size coat.

Abstract: A continuous method for preparing a granular molding material for abrasive articles has been developed. The method includes the step of continuously blending an abrasive material with a curing agent and measured portions of phenol-novolac resins, at least one of which has a phenol-formaldehyde molar ratio in the range of about 1:0.2 to 1:0.35. The resulting product is a flowable, granular material homogeneously coated with the phenol-novolac resins. The product can be directly molded, i.e., without an aging step, into various improved abrasive articles, such as grinding wheels, comprising a homogeneous distribution of abrasive grain and having a low volatile organic chemical content.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal bonded abrasive tool wherein the tool has improved life and mechanical properties. The invention further includes the bond composition which allows for improved life and mechanical properties, particularly in diamond blade dressing tools.

Abstract: A method is provided for machining the fire deck of an engine block. The method includes providing a grinding wheel having an outer annular grinding element disposed concentrically or the wheel may be provided with an inner annular grinding element disposed concentrically inward of an outer element. The outer element comprises a single layer of relatively coarse diamond abrasive brazed on a metallic substrate, while the inner element comprises a single layer of relatively fine diamond abrasive brazed on a similar substrate. The outer grinding element and the inner element if utilized, is formed as a discrete unit individually fastened to a backing plate to facilitate independent height adjustment of the elements relative the backing plate. The method further comprises orienting the grinding wheel with its axis of rotation at a predetermined oblique angle a relative the fire deck.

Abstract: Accessories for an angle grinder include a rotary disc cutting tool and a rest for supporting the grinder on a surface to be shaped. The rest may be a non-rotating nose beneath the grinder or a rubbing contact mounted on a flat tool, or it may be part of a convex tool. Tilting the grinder about the rest give effective control of the tool. Steeper tilts cause the cutting surface to bite more deeply into the work surface. The grinder is stroked toward the user with the cutting zone trailing. Most disks are perforated. Work to be shaped can be seen through the spinning disk during use.

Abstract: Rapidly releasable attachment of an abrasive disk to a rotary grinder is provided by fitting the disk with a disk retention adapter which clamps onto the disk and is provided with retention means extending from the non-abrasive bearing surface, a also providing a lock-nut assembly for mounting on the drive shaft of the rotary grinder which comprises a number of detents and detent access slots which permit the retention means to be inserted into the slots and, by a simple axial rotation move the retention means into the detents to lock the disk into position.

Abstract: Methods for orienting fibers and an apparatus for orienting fibers are provided for the fabrication of improved thin abrasive wheels utilizing uniform non-woven fiber reinforcement discs. The wheels are more resistant to hub push-out failure during grinding than wheels reinforced with woven fiber cloth.

Abstract: A resin bonded abrasive tool consists of abrasive grain and an organic bond comprising a thermosetting resin, such as epoxy resin, phenolic resin or rubber or blends thereof and a precursor filler system capable of forming in situ an active filler system by reacting under the heat generated during grinding. The organic bond optionally further comprises a filler system. A method of making the resin bonded abrasive tool consists of mixing the abrasive grain and the organic bond with the precursor filler system, pressing the resulting mixture into shape, and curing the abrasive tool at about 150 to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: At least one of the mating wear surfaces of a sliding mechanical seal is coated with diamond. The coating includes an underlayer of high resistance to wear and an overlayer with a reduced resistance to wear as compared to that of the underlayer. The reduced wear resistance of the overlayer prevents damage by the diamond to the opposing mating surface during the wear-in period of use.

Abstract: Significant savings of space inside a mass transfer tower can be obtained by use of a liquid distributor system with efficient uniform distribution from conduits such as troughs, pipes or deck distributors using flow spreader devices located predominantly below the conduit enabling closer spacing of liquid distribution points within the tower.

Abstract: A wheel hub is provided for use in combination with conventional depressed center grinding wheels. The hub includes a generally cylindrical aperture bushing. A disc shaped flange extends radially from a medial portion of the bushing and terminates at a peripheral lip. The bushing is adapted to extend through a central bore of the wheel so that the lip engages the backing face of the wheel proximate an outermost circumference of the depressed center. A grinding face end of the bushing is flangeable radially outward to engage the front grinding face of the wheel and mechanically capture the wheel between the grinding face end and the flange. The flange, lip and backing face form a cavity into which epoxy resin is placed to chemically bond the hub to the wheel. The combination of mechanical fastening and chemical bonding adequately secures the hub to the wheel, nominally without requiring the flange to extend over the stub.

Abstract: Light weight metal bonded abrasive tools consisting of an annular rim of metal bonded superabrasive joined to a central core or hub made from a dissimilar metal, such as aluminum powder, are manufactured in a single sintering step that yields a near net shape abrasive tool. The abrasive tools are useful for the grinding of optical components made of plastic or glass.

Abstract: Coated abrasive materials can be made from a substrate and, adhered to the substrate by a maker coat, weak shaped abrasive grits with, interspersed between the abrasive grits, a plurality of non-abrasive particles that are smaller than the abrasive grits which serve to raise the level of a size coat applied over the maker coat and abrasive grits such that the abrasive grits are anchored over a greater part of their length without the need for the application of a large volume of size coat and such that a grinding adjuvant included in the topmost coat is located adjacent the tips of the abrasive grits which perform the grinding when the coated abrasive is in use.

Abstract: An abrasive tool for cutting extremely abrasive-resistant materials includes a novel, abrasive segment with a generally crenelated, rectangular appearance. The segment has a single piece vein of a primary abrasive and first bond material extending completely along the length of the segment. The vein transverses the width of the segment at least once in a non-linear path and alternately coincides with inner and outer faces. Gaps between the vein and the faces opposite the vein coincident faces are occupied by a second bond material, and optionally, a secondary abrasive, thus forming multiple, separated abrasive regions. The bottom surface of the segment is attached to a core at an operative perimeter which defines the cutting edge of the tool. The segment can be adapted to conform to the curvature of diverse cutting edges, and thus can be used in rotary and reciprocating saw blades and core drilling bits.

Abstract: A drill bit is provided with a cylindrical body portion fabricated from a plastic material. The body portion is fastened in concentric, end to end relation to a cylindrical cutter fabricated from a metallic material and having an array of cutting elements disposed thereon. The body portion and cutter are preferably tubular, wherein the cutting elements are disposed in an annular array, to facilitate core or crown drilling operations. The wall thickness of the tubular body portion may be increased relative that of the cutter to compensate for wear during drilling.

Abstract: Coated abrasives suitable for very fine abrading applications can be obtained by depositing a layer of a formulation comprising abrasive grits, fillers, grinding aid, additives and a binder resin on a substrate, treating the formulation to increase the viscosity and render it plastic but non-flowing, embossing a suitable pattern on the surface of the layer, and then curing the binder component of the formulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vitreous-bonded abrasive tool wherein the abrasive grit portion comprises a thermally sensitive abrasive grain, such as sintered sol gel microcrystalline alpha alumina abrasive grain or superabrasive grain, and wherein the vitrified bond may be matured by firing at a temperature below about 875.degree. C. The invention further includes a novel vitrified bond composition.

Abstract: An abrasive grit for a metal bonded Single Layer abrasive tool includes abrasive grains coated with a first active component. The active component is mechanically-bound to the surface of the superabrasive grains. Preferably the abrasive is a superabrasive, especially diamond, and the first active component is titanium, either in the form of elemental Ti or TiH.sub.2. The novel grit is made by mixing the first active powder component in a liquid binder to form an adhesive paste; mixing the paste with the abrasive grains to wet the grains, and drying the mixture to adhere active component to the grains. The coated abrasive can be brazed onto a core to form a Single Layer tool, especially with a brazing composition that includes a bronze alloy and small concentrations of a second active component. During brazing the novel abrasive grains provide excellent surface contact with the brazing composition and the braze strongly bind the grains to the tool core.