Abstract: Herein are disclosed compositions of matter, processes of manufacture and processes of use of solid state admixtures that include an inorganic base and a sulfide selected from the group consisting of an ammonium sulfide, an alkali metal sulfide, an alkali-earth metal sulfide, transition metal sulfide, and a mixture thereof. The composition can include solid state inorganic bases (e.g., calcium hydroxide and sodium sesquicarbonate) and/or gaseous bases (e.g., ammonia) and, optionally, a support material for one or more of the inorganic base and sulfide. The compositions are useful for capturing environmental contaminants, for example, from the flue gas of a coal fired power plant.

Abstract: Herein are disclosed compositions of matter, processes of manufacture and processes of use of solid state admixtures that include an inorganic base and a sulfide selected from the group consisting of an ammonium sulfide, an alkali metal sulfide, an alkali-earth metal sulfide, transition metal sulfide, and a mixture thereof. The composition can include solid state inorganic bases (e.g., calcium hydroxide and sodium sesquicarbonate) and/or gaseous bases (e.g., ammonia) and, optionally, a support material for one or more of the inorganic base and sulfide. The compositions are useful for capturing environmental contaminants, for example, from the flue gas of a coal fired power plant.

Abstract: Herein is provided mercury sorbent compositions and methods for their manufacture. In embodiments, the mercury sorbent compositions can include calcium metal sulfides (CaxMySz), where M can be Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, or a mixture thereof where x can have a value from about 0.1 to about 5; where y can have a value of about 1, and where z can have a value of about 1 to about 10. In one example, the mercury sorbent composition can have the formula: Cax(Fe1-yCuy)Sz. In other embodiments, the mercury sorbent compositions can include copper sulfide carbonates (e.g., CuxSy(C03)z; wherein x can have a value from about 1 to about 5, y can have a value from about 1 to about 10, and z can have a value from about 0.1 to about 2.5. In one example, the mercury sorbent compositions can have the formula CuSx(CO3)y.

Abstract: Herein is described a composition effective for reducing the particulate resistivity of hydrated lime and capturing acidic gases from flue gas. The composition can include a supported carbonate that comprises 5 wt. % to 50 wt. % of a carbonate and 50 wt. % to 95 wt. % of a support; where the carbonate is an alkali metal carbonate selected from the group consisting of a carbonate, a bicarbonate, and a mixture thereof. The composition can be prepared by admixing the carbonate and the support with sufficient water and then drying. The composition can be used alone or with hydrated lime for reducing the concentration of acid gases in flue gas.

Abstract: Herein are described methods and materials for capturing mercury from, for example, the gases produced by the combustion of coal. The composition for the removal of mercury from the fluid includes a polysulfide selected from the group consisting of a calcium sulfide and a bromosulfide; the polysulfide supported by or carried on a surface of a silicate particulate. Disclosed methods include a process for manufacturing the bromosulfide or calcium-sulfide mercury-removal composition and a process of capturing mercury from a fluid, the process can include admixing a bromosulfide or calcium-sulfide mercury-removal composition and a fluid that includes mercury; wherein the bromosulfide mercury removal composition includes a bromosulfide supported by or carried on a surface of a silicate particulate; wherein the calcium-sulfide mercury-removal composition includes a calcium sulfide supported by or carried on a surface of a silicate particulate.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for oxidizing gaseous Hg(0) in the combustion gas from a coal fired boiler. The process includes injecting into the combustion gases a particulate mercury oxidant precatalyst. The process further including, oxidizing Hg(0) in the combustion gases to an oxidized mercury selected from the group consisting of Hg(I), Hg(II) and injecting a mercury sorbent that admixes with the oxidized Hg(II) to form a oxidized-mercury/sorbent species. The oxidized-mercury/sorbent species can then be collected from the combustion (flue) gas using standard powder capture technologies.

Abstract: Herein are described products and processes for the reduction of contaminants from flue gases. A first embodiment is a sorbent composition that includes an aluminosilicate; and a calcium compound selected from calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium halide, PRB coal fly ash, and a mixture thereof. A second embodiment is a process of reducing contaminant concentrations in flue gas, which includes injecting a sorbent composition into a flue gas at a location where the flue gas has a temperature in a range of about 1700° C. to about 400° C.; admixing the sorbent composition and a contaminant to form a eutectic composition; and collecting the eutectic composition at a temperature in a range of about 400° C. and about 50° C.

Abstract: A process of enhancing fly ash collection without adding SO3 to a flue gas can include providing a flue gas that includes fly ash and combustion gases from a coal fired boiler; injecting into the flue gas a particulate resistivity aid; and then collecting the fly ash and particulate resistivity aid with a cold side electrostatic precipitator (ESP).