Abstract: A method for rotating wafers in a double sided scrubber where a rotating roller imparts rotary motion to a semiconductor wafer during a double sided cleaning process. The rotating roller and wafer contact at their outer edges and the friction between their outer edges causes the wafer to rotate. The roller has an outer edge with a groove in which the wafer edge is pinched. Treads or grooves extending from the groove channel liquids away from the groove to prevent wafer slippage when rotating and cleaning solutions are applied to the wafer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rotating wafers in a scrubber, wherein both sides of a wafer are scrubbed without slipping or hesitating. A rotating roller imparts rotary motion to a semiconductor wafer during a cleaning process wherein both sides of a wafer are scrubbed. The rotating roller and wafer contact at their outer edges and the friction between their outer edges causes the wafer to rotate. The roller has an outer edge with a groove. The wafer edge is pinched inside the groove to create enough friction that when cleaning solutions are applied the wafer does not slip and continues to rotate. Also, the groove allows the roller to pinch the wafer just enough so that when the roller reaches the flat of the wafer, the roller may regain the radius of the wafer without hesitating.

Abstract: A control system. An apparatus having a motor; a host processor for generating a message containing motor control information; a control board for receiving the message and for transmitting a command, corresponding to the message, to the motor; and a communications medium coupling the host processor and the control board. The communications medium supports a first communications path and a second communications path. The first communications path is for transmitting messages from the host processor to the control board. The second communications path is for transmitting messages from the control board to the host processor.

Abstract: A semiconductor processing system, such as a system for scrubbing both sides of a wafer at the same time, that includes a brush box containment apparatus for use with highly-acidic or other volatile chemical solutions, a roller positioning apparatus and a (brush) placement device.

Abstract: A polishing pad dressing method uses a polishing head for polishing a semiconductor wafer. This polishing head includes a housing, a wafer carrier movably mounted to the housing, and a pad dressing element movably mounted to the housing. The wafer carrier forms a wafer-supporting surface, and the dressing element surrounds the wafer-supporting surface. A first fluid actuator is coupled to the dressing element to bias the pad dressing element with respect to the housing, and a second fluid actuator is coupled to the wafer carrier to bias the wafer carrier with respect to the housing. First and second fluid conduits are coupled to the first and second actuators, respectively, such that fluid pressures in the first and second actuators are separately and independently adjustable with respect to one another. Biasing forces on the dressing element can thereby be dynamically adjusted with respect to biasing forces on the carrier during a polishing operation.

Abstract: A cleaning method and apparatus using very dilute hydrofluoric acid (HF) for cleaning silicon wafers and semiconductor substrates. The HF is delivered to the core of a brush where the solution is absorbed by the brush and then applied by the brush onto the substrate. This delivery system applies the chemical solutions uniformly to the semiconductor substrate and reduces the volumes of chemical solutions used in a scrubbing process. The process of the present invention uses very dilute HF and allows a thin oxide to be etched but not completely removed so as to maintain a hydrophilic surface state. Thus, this invention presents a chemical mechanical cleaning process with in-situ etching with the use of PVA brushes on a brush scrubber. Very accurate control of etch rate is obtained and, therefore, makes this process suitable to multiple cleaning applications of silicon wafers and semiconductor substrates.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rotating wafers in a double sided scrubber where a rotating roller imparts rotary motion to a semiconductor wafer during a double sided cleaning process. The rotating roller and wafer contact at their outer edges and the friction between their outer edges causes the wafer to rotate. The roller has an outer edge with a groove in which the wafer edge is pinched. Treads or grooves extending from the groove channel liquids away from the groove to prevent wafer slippage when rotating and cleaning solutions are applied to the wafer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning edges of substrates is described. The present invention provides a cleaning mechanism that cleans particles off the edge of the wafer based on friction and/or a difference in tangential velocity at a point of contact between the wafer and the cleaning mechanism.

Abstract: A polishing head for polishing a semiconductor wafer includes a housing, a wafer carrier movably mounted to the housing, and a pad dressing element movably mounted to the housing. The wafer carrier forms a wafer-supporting surface, and the dressing element surrounds the wafer-supporting surface. A first fluid actuator is coupled to the dressing element to bias the pad dressing element with respect to the housing, and a second fluid actuator is coupled to the wafer carrier to bias the wafer carrier with respect to the housing. First and second fluid conduits are coupled to the first and second actuators, respectively, such that fluid pressures in the first and second actuators are separately and independently adjustable with respect to one another. Biasing forces on the dressing element can thereby be dynamically adjusted with respect to biasing forces on the carrier during a polishing operation.

Abstract: A cleaning method and apparatus using very dilute Standard Clean 1 (SC1) for cleaning semiconductor substrates, including silicon wafers. The SC1 is delivered to the core of a brush where the solution is absorbed by the brush and then applied by the brush onto the substrate. This delivery system applies the chemical solutions uniformly to the semiconductor substrate and reduces the volumes of chemical solutions used in a scrubbing process. The process of the present invention uses SC1 to convert substrate surfaces from a hydrophobic state to a hydrophilic surface state while cleaning the wafer with the brush. A hydrophilic surface state is necessary to successfully remove surface contaminants by chemical mechanical brush cleaning.

Abstract: An improved wafer holder with spindle assembly and wafer holder actuator is disclosed. In one embodiment, the vertical motion of a shaft drives an arm positioning member in a rotational motion. The arm positioning member is coupled to a first position of an arm such that the arm moves in a horizontal motion when the arm positioning member rotates. A substrate holding member is coupled to the arm at a second position, such that the horizontal motion of the arm moves the substrate holding member between an open and a closed position. The shaft of the above described embodiment is moved in a vertical motion by an actuator. A first cylinder of the actuator expands and engages a spring which moves the shaft upward and a second cylinder of the actuator retracts to disengage the first cylinder thereby moving the shaft downward.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rotating wafers in a double sided scrubber without slipping or hesitating. A rotating roller imparts rotary motion to a semiconductor wafer during a double sided cleaning process. The rotating roller and wafer contact at their outer edges and the friction between their outer edges causes the wafer to rotate. The roller has an outer edge with a groove. The wafer edge is pinched inside the groove to create enough friction that when cleaning solutions are applied the wafer does not slip and continues to rotate. Also, the groove allows the roller to pinch the wafer just enough so that when the roller reaches the flat of the wafer, the roller may regain the radius of the wafer without hesitating.

Abstract: A semiconductor processing system, such as a system for scrubbing both sides of a wafer at the same time, that includes a brush box containment apparatus for use with highly-acidic or other volatile chemical solutions, a roller positioning apparatus and a (brush) placement device.

Abstract: A Method and Apparatus for Chemical Delivery Through the Brush used in semiconductor substrate cleaning processes. The chemical solutions are delivered to the core of a brush where the solution is absorbed by the brush and then applied by the brush onto the substrate. This delivery system applies the chemical solutions uniformly to the semiconductor substrate, reduces the volumes of chemical solutions used in a scrubbing process, and helps maintain control of the pH profile of a substrate. This system is described and illustrated in the manner it is used in conjunction with a scrubber that scrubs both sides of a semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A polishing head for polishing a semiconductor wafer includes a housing, a wafer carrier movably mounted to the housing, and a wafer retainer movably mounted to the housing. The wafer carrier forms a wafer supporting surface, and the wafer retainer is shaped to retain a wafer in place on the wafer-supporting surface. A first fluid actuator is coupled to the wafer carrier to bias the wafer carrier in a selected direction with respect to the housing, and a second fluid actuator is coupled to the wafer retainer to bias the wafer retainer in a second selected direction with respect to the housing. First and second fluid conduits are coupled to the first and second actuators, respectively, such that fluid pressures in the first and second actuators are separately and independently adjustable with respect to one another. Biasing forces on the retainer can thereby be dynamically adjusted with respect to biasing forces on the carrier during the polishing operation.

Abstract: A technique for controlling a polishing rate across a substrate surface when performing CMP, in order to obtain uniform polishing of the substrate surface. A support housing which underlies a polishing pad includes a plurality of openings for dispensing a pressurized fluid. The openings are arranged into a pre-configured pattern for dispensing the fluid to the underside of the pad opposite the substrate surface being polished. The openings are configured into a number of groupings, in which a separate channel is used for each grouping so that fluid pressure for each group of openings can be separately and independently controlled.

Abstract: A semiconductor processing system, such as a system for scrubbing both sides of a wafer at the same time, that includes a brush box containment apparatus for use with highly-acidic or other volatile chemical solutions, a roller positioning apparatus and a (brush) placement device.

Abstract: A megasonic bath with horizontal wafer orientation that may be conveniently interfaced with brush scrub systems. The megasonic transducer creates a sonic energy flow in the direction of the wafers. The sonic energy causes cavitation which loosens and displaces particles from the surface of the wafers. Water jets produce a horizontal flow across the wafer surfaces. The horizontal flow created by the water jets keeps the wafer surfaces wet, exposes the surfaces to fresh chemicals, and removes the particles which have been displaced or loosened by the sonic energy.

Abstract: An improved substrate processing system. The system may be used for double sided scrubbing of a semiconductor substrate. The wet stations of the system has covers which prevent accumulated liquid from dripping outside of the station and which minimize dripping on the substrates. Transport tunnels are provided between modules to prevent leakage between the modules. A substrate transport mechanism which is moveable along a rail is provided with the stabilizer to provide for stable substrate transfer. The processing system has two brush stations which are placed within a single enclosure. The sensors located throughout the system, which sense the presence of a wafer, are fixedly mounted in a frame so that they are self-aligned to one another. In the sender station, two sensors are used, with the system requiring both sensors to sense the presence of a wafer to increase the reliability. In the dry station, the heating lamp is shielded from the substrate to reduce particulate contamination.

Abstract: An improved substrate processing system. The system may be used for double sided scrubbing of a semiconductor substrate. The wet stations of the system has covers which prevent accumulated liquid from dripping outside of the station and which minimize dripping on the substrates. Transport tunnels are provided between modules to prevent leakage between the modules. A substrate transport mechanism which is moveable along a rail is provided with the stabilizer to provide for stable substrate transfer. The processing system has two brush stations which are placed within a single enclosure. The sensors located throughout the system, which sense the presence of a wafer, are fixedly mounted in a frame so that they are self-aligned to one another. In the sender station, two sensors are used, with the system requiring both sensors to sense the presence of a wafer to increase the reliability. In the dry station, the heating lamp is shielded from the substrate to reduce particulate contamination.