Abstract: A color defined by a chroma point and by a luma value is adjusted by defining a reference chroma point and shifting the chroma point towards the reference point if the chroma point is within a predefined tilted rectangle in the chroma coordinate plane that encloses the reference point; or if the chroma point is within both of two predefined polygons, in the chroma coordinate plane, that enclose the reference point; or if the luma value is within a predefined luma range. Preferably, the two polygons are a rectangle and a rhombus. The chroma point is shifted using a continuous shift function that vanishes on the rectangle and on the rhombus.

Abstract: A method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.

Abstract: Method for determining entropy of a pixel of a real time streaming digital video image signal, particularly applicable for identifying the origin of, and processing, in real time, pixels of interlaced, non-interlaced, or de-interlaced, streaming digital video image signals, and for correcting errors produced during editing of streaming digital video image signals. Based upon the fundamental aspect of determining the degree or extent of randomness or disorder, or entropy, and determining the fluctuation thereof, of each pixel relative to inter-local neighborhoods and intra-local neighborhoods of selected pixels originating from the streaming digital video image input signal. Automatically detects and identifies original mode of the video input signal (film movie, video camera, or graphics). Independent of type of mode conversion used for generating the original video input signal, and not based upon an ‘a priori’ type of pattern recognition method.

Abstract: A method for independently controlling hue or saturation of individual colors in a real time digital video image, without affecting the hue or saturation of any other color in the same real time digital video image.

Abstract: A system and method for providing service of sending real time electronic information to selected individual viewers of transmitted video or computerized signals. The system of individual features five main areas of components: (1) viewer, (2) viewer display device such as a television, including an electronic device featuring signal recognition and signal decoding capabilities critical to implementation of the system, (3) service center, (4) providers of video or computerized signals, and (5) sender.

Abstract: A method of de-interlacing interlaced video formats using a mixed mode spatial and temporal approximation technique. This method can be implemented with input of known pixel values obtained from only two fields, featuring the current spatial field containing missing pixels, and either of two neighbor temporal fields containing known pixels. Decision steps requiring evaluation of a series of logical operations lead to assignment of values to missing spatial pixels. There is a feedback step of approximated values of missing pixels from one cycle to the next cycle of approximation of missing pixel values. This method is applicable to a variety of video interlaced signals, including interlaced RGB component signals, and video signals containing luminance and chrominance components.

Abstract: A method of electronic Keystone correction for electronic devices having visual displays which exhibit optical distortion on the display screen. The corrective method is based on computation and electronic (physical) manipulation of the pixels of a visual display screen grid, and features the principle steps of: 1) characterization of the size of an input image, 2) determination of the number of generated pixels in the output image, 3) determination of the real position of each pixel in the output image by performing an electronic distortion to the input image opposite to the optical distortion of the input image, 4) interpolation of the output value of all color components of each pixel of the input image, 5) correction of (non-uniform) edge effects at both ends of each line of pixels, 6) transmission of the output corrected image to the electronic display device, individually, pixel by pixel, or as complete set of corrected pixels of the image, and 7) display of the perfected corrected optical image.

Abstract: A method of non-linear and linear scale-up or scale-down image resolution conversion of digital images. The method is based on using non-linear or linear pixel position control functions relating an output image pixel grid to an input image pixel grid, where resolution of each grid is different. The pixel position control functions enable calculation of real pixel position coordinates of output image pixels, embedded within the input image grid. A connection grid is set up as a graphical representation of using the pixel position control functions. Delta functional differences between real valued position coordinates of output pixels located in the connection grid, and neighbor pixel position coordinates located in the input image grid are defined and calculated.

Abstract: A method of selective color control of a digital video image, using a digital technique. The method features using simple Look-Up-Tables (LUTs), whose values are calculated from uniquely defined color control functions, to digitally change the saturation of a single color of the chromatic part of a video image without affecting saturations of the remaining colors of the chromatic part of the same video image. A digital video input image is scanned, row by row, pixel by pixel. Each input image pixel value, defined from the chromatic part of the video input image, is assigned an address to be operated on by values in individual color LUTs. For a desired change in an individual color of that image, a new digital video output image is produced featuring the desired change in the individual color without affecting the remaining colors of that same image. Application of this method to video images precludes the need to convert video components (e.g., YCrCb) into RGB (red, green, blue) components.