Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for providing non-destructive isolation voltage testing of circuit elements which includes a controllable full wave rectifier in series with the primary winding of a high voltage transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the circuit element under test. A current detector is responsive to a predetermined threshold current in the tested circuit element for providing a signal to control the rectifier to open-circuit the transformer primary winding prior to destructive breakdown of the tested circuit element. Opto-electronic elements are utilized in the rectifier to provide for the virtually instantaneous open-circuiting of the high voltage transformer primary winding.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus for effecting optical coupling between at least one photo-emissive device and at least one photo-sensitive device while maintaining electrical isolation between the devices. The light-emitting chip and the photo-sensitive chip are mounted on an electrically insulating substrateor substrates with their major faces in substantially the same plane and facing the same direction. The insulating substrate is mounted on a conventional header and leads attached to each of the active regions by conventional methods. The light emitter and sensor are then encapsulated in a single hemispherical dome of electrically insulating material which is substantially transparent to the operative wavelengths of the electro-optical devices. Optical coupling is accomplished by direct coupling between the edges of the chips and by internal reflection from the surface of the dome.

Abstract: Disclosed is a micro-switch employing a light source and a photo-responsive device disposed in optically interconnected cavities in a common housing. The optical path interconnecting the two cavities is controlled by an opaque reciprocal plunger having a plurality of apertures therethrough which may be placed in register with the optical path by movement of the plunger. The switch may be converted from a normally open to a normally closed switch, or vice versa, by rotation of the plunger to alternately select the aperture in the plunger which may be placed in register with the optical path.