Abstract: An electrochemical element (Q) has a metal substrate (1) and multiple electrochemical reaction portions. The metal substrate (1) has gas flow allowing regions that allow the flowing of a gas between the upper side (4) and the lower side (5) of the metal substrate (1). The electrochemical reaction portions each have at least an electrode layer (A), an electrolyte layer (B), and a counter electrode layer (C), and are arranged on the upper side (4) of the metal substrate (1). The electrolyte layer (B) is arranged between the electrode layer (A) and the counter electrode layer (C), and the gas flowing through the gas flow allowing regions is supplied to the electrode layer (A).

Abstract: Provided is a gas detection device used in a humid environment such as a kitchen or a cooking room, which is excellent in moisture resistance and also excellent in sensitivity. In a gas detection device which includes a thin film type gas sensor including a heater portion, a gas detection portion, and a catalyst portion on a substrate, energizes the heater portion to heat the gas detection portion and the catalyst portion, and detects the detection target gas, the gas sensor configured by supporting a catalyst metal containing platinum as a main component on a support containing a transition metal oxide as a main component is adopted.

Abstract: A small-size and light-weight electrochemical module in which, when a stack expands the stack can be clamped appropriately. The electrochemical module includes: an electrochemical element stack obtained by stacking, in a predetermined stacking direction, a plurality of electrochemical elements having a configuration in which an electrolyte layer, and a first electrode and a second electrode that are respectively arranged on two sides of the electrolyte layer, are formed along a substrate; an elastic plate-like member arranged along at least one of a first flat face and a second flat face of the electrochemical element stack; and a clamp that includes a first clamping portion extending along the first flat face and a second clamping portion extending along the second flat face and clamps the electrochemical element stack via the plate-like member.

Abstract: An electrochemical element including a plate-like support provided with an internal passage therein. The plate-like support includes a gas-permeable portion through which gas is permeable between the internal passage and the outside of the plate-like support and an electrochemical reaction portion that is formed by stacking at least a film-like electrode layer, a film-like electrolyte layer, and a film-like counter electrode layer in the stated order in a predetermined stacking direction on an outer face of the plate-like support so as to entirely or partially cover the gas-permeable portion. A first gas, that is one of reducing component gas and oxidative component gas, flows through the internal passage, and the internal passage is provided with a turbulence forming body that forms a turbulence state of the first gas.

Abstract: A radiative cooling device that can cool a cooling target appropriately with cost reduction of its light reflective layer. An infrared radiative layer for radiating infrared light from a radiative surface and a light reflective layer located on the opposite side of the presence side of the radiative surface of the infrared radiative layer are provided in a mutually stacked manner. The light reflective layer is arranged such that a first layer made of silver or silver alloy and a second layer made of aluminum or aluminum alloy are stacked, with the first layer being disposed on the side close to the infrared radiative layer.

Abstract: A metal support for an electrochemical element where the metal support includes a plate face, has a plate shape as a whole, and has a warping degree of 1.5×10?2 or less determined by calculating a least square value through the least squares method using at least three points in the plate face of the metal support, calculating a first difference between the least square value and a positive-side maximum displacement value on a positive side with respect to the least square value and a second difference between the least square value and a negative-side maximum displacement value on a negative side that is opposite to the positive side with respect to the least square value, and dividing the sum of the first difference and the second difference by a maximum length of the plate face of the metal support that passes through a center of gravity.

Abstract: A humidity control element includes a plurality of flat plate members stacked in a state where a first flow path or a second flow path is formed in each space between the flat plate members. Heat is exchangeable between the first flow path and the second flow path via the flat plate members. Each of the flat plate members is formed of any one material of a resin, paper, glass, a metal, and a ceramic, a metal organic framework MIL-101 (Cr) containing chromium as a metal is held on any one of an inner surface of the first flow path and an inner surface of the second flow path, and a switching time between a dehumidification operation and a regeneration operation is relatively long.

Abstract: Provided is an alloy material including a metal oxide thin layer that can be formed using a simple method at low cost and can further suppress volatilization of Cr, which causes deterioration of a fuel cell, compared with a case where conventional expensive materials are used. Disclosed is a manufacturing method for an alloy material including a coating treatment step for coating a substrate made of a Fe—Cr based alloy with Co, and an oxidation treatment step for performing oxidation treatment on the substrate in a moisture-containing atmosphere after the coating treatment step.

Abstract: An electrochemical module including, a stack obtained by stacking, in a predetermined stacking direction, a plurality of electrochemical elements having a configuration in which an electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a counter electrode layer are formed along a substrate, via an annular sealing portion through which first gas, that is one of reducing component gas and oxidative component gas, flows; a container including an upper cover for pressing a first flat face in the stacking direction of the stack and a lower cover for pressing a second flat face on a side opposite to the first flat face, the stack clamped between the upper cover and the lower cover; an elastic lower plate-like member arranged between the first flat face and the upper cover; and a first gas supply portion and a first gas discharge portion connected to the second flat face in communication with the annular sealing portion.

Abstract: Provided are a metal plate configured such that sufficient strength and performance are ensured and the workability and cost of mass production are improved, and an electrochemical element and the like including the metal plate. A metal plate 1 includes a thick portion 110, and a thin portion 120 that is thinner than the thick portion 110. The thin portion 120 is provided with a penetration space 1c passing through the thin portion 120 in the thickness direction.

Abstract: A fuel cell single unit including: a fuel cell element in which an anode layer and a cathode layer are formed so as to sandwich an electrolyte layer; a reducing gas supply path for supplying a gas containing hydrogen to the anode layer; an oxidizing gas supply path for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the cathode layer; and an internal reforming catalyst layer, which has a reforming catalyst for steam-reforming a fuel gas, in at least a part of the reducing gas supply path is provided. An external reformer, which has a reforming catalyst for steam-reforming the fuel gas, is provided upstream of the reducing gas supply path, and the fuel gas partially reformed by the external reformer is supplied to the reducing gas supply path.

Abstract: Provided is a low-cost electrochemical element that includes a high-performance electrode layer. The electrochemical element includes an electrode layer, and the electrode layer contains small particles and large particles. The small particles have a particle diameter of 200 nm or less in the electrode layer, and the large particles have a particle diameter of 500 nm or more in the electrode layer.

Abstract: A metal support for an electrochemical element has a plate shape as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of penetration spaces that pass through the metal support from a front face to a back face. The front face is a face to be provided with an electrode layer. Each of front-side openings that are openings of the penetration spaces formed in the front face has an area of 3.0×10?4 mm2 or more and 3.0×10?3 mm2 or less.

Abstract: A radiative cooling device and a radiative cooling method that effectively suppress ultraviolet light absorption. The radiative cooling device includes an ultraviolet reflection layer that reflects ultraviolet light UV, a light reflection layer that reflects visible light and infrared light, and an infrared radiative layer that radiates infrared light IR. Infrared light IR is radiated form a radiative surface. The ultraviolet reflection layer, the infrared radiative layer and the light reflection layer are laminated in this order as viewed from the side of the radiative surface.

Abstract: Provided is a radiative cooling device that provides coloration of the radiative surface while maximally avoiding reduction in its radiative cooling performance due to absorption of solar light. An infrared radiative layer for radiating infrared light from a radiative surface and a light reflective layer disposed on the side opposite to the presence side of the radiative surface of the infrared radiative layer are provided in a mutually stacked state. The light reflective layer is arranged such that a first metal layer made of silver or silver alloy and having a thickness equal to or greater than 10 nm and equal to or less than 100 nm, a transparent dielectric layer and a second metal layer reflecting light transmitted through the first metal layer and the transparent dielectric layer are stacked in this order on the side closer to the infrared radiative layer.

Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption type hydrogen manufacturing apparatus includes a process control unit that controls operation of adsorption towers that generate a product gas by adsorbing, using adsorbents, adsorption target components other than hydrogen components from a source gas, in a state where an adsorption process, a pressure-equalization discharge process, a desorption process, and a pressure-restoration process are successively repeated.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel cell system capable of further increasing electric power generation efficiency, compared to the current circumstances, with respect to a fuel cell SOFC that generates electric power by supplying a reformed gas obtained by steam reforming to a fuel electrode. A steam reformer that reforms a hydrocarbon fuel by a steam reforming reaction; a fuel cell that operates by introducing a reformed gas to a fuel electrode; and an anode off-gas circulation path that removes condensed water while cooling an anode off-gas, and introduces the anode off-gas to the steam reformer are provided. A condensation temperature in a condensing device is controlled by a control unit that controls a steam partial pressure of the anode off-gas circulated to the steam reformer, and S/C adjustment is adapted to high-efficiency electric power generation.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes a quartz container in which an object to be processed, which contains a semiconductor, is arranged; a heater configured to emit heat; and a radiation control body arranged between the quartz container and the heater, wherein the radiation control body is configured to radiate a radiant wave of a wavelength transmittable through the quartz container by heating from the heater such that the radiant wave reaches the object to be processed in the quartz container.

Abstract: Provided is a radiative cooling device that provides coloration of the radiative surface while maximally avoiding reduction in its radiative cooling performance due to absorption of solar light. An infrared radiative layer for radiating infrared light from a radiative surface and a light reflective layer disposed on the side opposite to the presence side of the radiative surface of the infrared radiative layer are provided in a mutually stacked state. The light reflective layer is arranged such that a first metal layer made of silver or silver alloy and having a thickness equal to or greater than 10 nm and equal to or less than 100 nm, a transparent dielectric layer and a second metal layer reflecting light transmitted through the first metal layer and the transparent dielectric layer are stacked in this order on the side closer to the infrared radiative layer.

Abstract: Provided are an electrochemical element and the like that have both durability and high performance as well as excellent reliability. The electrochemical element includes a metal support, and an electrode layer formed on/over the metal support. The metal support is made of any one of a Fe—Cr based alloy that contains Ti in an amount of 0.15 mass % or more and 1.0 mass % or less, a Fe—Cr based alloy that contains Zr in an amount of 0.15 mass % or more and 1.0 mass % or less, and a Fe—Cr based alloy that contains Ti and Zr, a total content of Ti and Zr being 0.15 mass % or more and 1.0 mass % or less.