Abstract: Atmospheric Samplers are disclosed using aerogel filter material. The samplers include one or more cascaded impact sample stations with discs of aerogel as the targets. Ambient air carrying particulate matter is introduced into the sampler and the particles are captured by the aerogel in its pore structure. In certain embodiments, the aerogel filter is next transported to a position where it is fragmented by a spray of water. The fragmented aerogel and the captured particles are transported in the fragmenting water from the sampler for analysis. In one embodiment, the sampler is segmented with alternate nozzle and filter segments for easy assembly, sampling and disassembly for analysis of the captured particles in aerogel filters positions below the nozzles.

Abstract: A system for monitoring traffic flow on multi-laned roadways. The system includes a plurality of radiation sources such as light emitting diodes, LEDs and a corresponding set of radiation detectors such as photo diodes. The radiation sources and detectors form a crossed array as well as direct paths across the roadway. By correlating radiation beam interruptions including the time and order of interruption, a signal processor such as a computer is able to determine traffic parameters for each lane. Multiple beams in parallel aid the reliability of the system. Using retroreflectors with the radiation sources and detectors on the same side of the roadway simplifies installation.