Abstract: A method for treatment, prevention and containment of acute and chronic tuberculosis using a preservative-free concentrated tobramycin aerosol formulation delivering tobramycin to the lung endobronchial space including alveoli in an aerosol having mass medium average diameter predominantly between 1 to 5.mu.. The method comprises administration of tobramycin in concentration one to ten thousand times higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A method for containment of and decreasing infectivity periods of tuberculosis patients to shorter periods of time.